Preparation and evaluation of a propolis ointment for skin nourishing and healing

Abstract

Propolis is a resinous substance containing aromatic acids, esters, volatile compounds, hydrocarbons, steroids, enzymes, flavonoids, vitamins and minerals. In this direction it has nutrient, antibacterial and antioxidant properties due to its complex structure and content. In this study it was aimed to prepare a propolis ointment with a base of occlusive and emollient properties for nourishing and healing of skin damaged by environmental effects. Six formulations were prepared by using vaseline, lanolin, glycerine and different types of crude propolis. According to physical examinations only the ointment formulations prepared with ethanolic propolis extracts at two different concentrations were found as successful. Successful formulation including 1:5 propolis: Ethanol extract was evaluated by physical controls, mechanic tests, antimicrobial tests and stability evaluation. Results showed that prepared propolis ointment has a creamy yellow colour with an acceptable odour, homogeny and a good spreadability texture and has a good stability at 40oC and 25oC and for 2 and 3 months respectively. And it presented mild antibacterial effects on E. coli and S. aureus strains, which was acceptable for a frequent use for cosmetic purposes. As a conclusion prepared propolis ointment can be a good candidate for a cosmetic ointment for skin nutrition and healing purposes.