| dc.description.abstract | Prunus species are known as model species for the family Rosaceae and other woody plants with their small genome size and relatively small life cycle as woody plants. Also Prunus species are economically important plants in the subfamily A mygdaloideae of the Rosaceae have a controversial taxonomic history due to the lack of a phylogenetic framework. Therefore, mapping, classification, determination the ge- netic structure and characterization of genes as a spesific chemical and fuctional units of nucleic acids and making phylogenetic analysis in these species have important implications. The aim of this study to find any gene markers as a bioorganic –chemical structure profiling to determine genetic diversity of dif- ferent Prunus species from Iraq by using nuclear and chloroplast DNA markers to evaluate the phylogeny of Prunus. A total of 12 species Prunus subgenus amygdalus were collected from Iraq. Ten gene region markers on both nuclear DNA and chloroplast DNA have been tested to evaluate the genetic variation at their molecular levels by using multiplex PCR with 10 gene region primers and sequence analysis for matK. The name of the gene regions using in this study are ITS (ITS1 + ITS2 + 5.8S coding region), rbcL, matK, rpl16, trnL-trnF, atpB-rbcL, rp136-infA-rps8, trnK-rps16, pbsM-trnD, psbA-trnH. As a result, five dif- ferent phylogenetic trees were obtained from the gene sequences of the samples and the base sequences were close to each other. The estimated value of the shape parameter for the discrete Gamma Distribu- tion is 0.05. The nucleotide frequencies are A = 29.41%, T/ U = 37.37%, C = 17.52%, and G = 15.67%. The nucleotide diversity of the sequence | tr |
