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Öğe Anticancer Activity of Calcium Channel Blockers in Colon Cancer Cell Culture(Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 2022) Alandağ, Celal; Öztürk, AyşegülObjective: Repurposing non-cancer drugs for cancer treatment has many advantages. We can access to a new cancer drug easily, quickly and cheaply. In addition, we generally know safety prifile of repurped drugs. There are few studies in the literature investige the anticancer effects of Calcium channel blockers (CCBs). We planned to investigate the anticancer effects of CCBs on colon cancer cell line.Material and Method: We adminestered different doses of T-type CCB NNC-55-0396 and L-type CCB amlodipine on colon cancer cell line HT-29. MTT analysis was performed at 48 hours to measure cell viability. The dose-response curve was constructed using GraphPad Prism.8 programme.Results: Amlodipine caused more than 90% cytotoxicity at all concentrations of 500, 250, 100, 50, 10 µg/ml in MTT analysis at 48 hours. Similarly, NNC-55-0396 caused more than 90% cytotoxicity at all 80, 40, 20, 10.5 µM concentrations.Discussion: In our study, NNC-55-0396 and amlodipine molecules showed severe cytotoxicity on HT-29 cells. There are publications indicating that it may have other anticancer effects other than cytotoxicity. They are promising molecules as anti-cancer drugs. They should be investigated in clinical studies alone or in combination with other cancer drugs.Öğe Anticancer activity of lycopene in HT?29 colon cancer cell line(Mart 2023) Ataseven, Dilara; Öztürk, Ayşegül; Özkaraca, Mustafa; Joha, ZiadAn inverse association between serum lycopene levels and the risk of cancers has been pointed out by many prospective and retrospective epidemiological studies which prompted more studies to be performed on animal models and cell cultures in order to test this hypothesis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic efect of lycopene on colon cancer HT-29 cell line. The efect of lycopene on the viability of HT-29 cell line was investigated using XTT assay. The levels of Bcl-2, cleaved caspase 3, BAX, cleaved PARP, and 8-oxo-dG in lycopene-treated HT-29 cells were measured using ELISA. Gamma-H2AX and cytochrome c expression was assessed semi-quantitatively using immunofuores cence staining. Lycopene at doses of 10 and 20 μM produced a signifcant antiproliferative efect on HT-29 cells compared to the control (p < 0.05). The IC50 value of lycopene in HT-29 cells was found to be 7.89 μM for 24 h. Lycopene (7.89 μM) signifcantly elevated cleaved caspase 3 (p < 0.01), BAX, and cleaved PARP, 8-oxo-dG levels (p < 0.05). The levels of γ-H2AX foci are signifcantly higher while the levels of cytochrome-c are lower (p < 0.05) in lycopene-treated HT-29 cells. These results indicate that lycopene has an antiproliferative apoptotic and genotoxic efect on HT-29 colon cancer cell lineÖğe Antimicrobial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic properties of methallyl functionalized benzimidazolium-derived Ag(I)-Nheterocyclic carbene complexes(2022) Çelik, Cem; Tutar, Uğur; Şahin, Neslihan; Öztürk, AyşegülPurpose: To investigate the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and cytotoxicity properties of methallyl substituted benzimidazolium-based, silver-bound N-heterocyclic carbene (Ag(I)-NHC) complexes, with respect to their potential to act as antimicrobial agents. Methods: The antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and cytotoxicity properties of the four complexes, the synthesis and characterization of which were carried out previously, were investigated. The antimicrobial properties were tested using the broth microdilution method, while their antibiofilm potential were determined by microtiter plate assay. The L-929 cell line was used for cytotoxic studies. Results: Strong antibiofilm and antimicrobial effects were produced by Ag(I)-NHC complexes. Compounds 2 and 3 showed potent activities against E. coli strain, with effects similar to that of positive control antibiotic, while compounds 1 and 4 exhibited antimicrobial activity at a concentration of 31.2 μg/mL. The compounds were effective against biofilms formed at concentrations in the range of 32 – 84 %, and degraded mature biofilms at a concentration range of 14 - 66 %. Compounds 1 and 2 did not significantly affect cell survival (p > 0.05), while compounds 3 and 4 significantly reduced cell survival, when compared with untreated cells in the control group (p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study may be one of the few studies on benzimidazolium-derived NHCs. The compounds which produced antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and cytotoxic properties in this study may be valuable and novel antimicrobial agents. Therefore, there is need for further in vivo and in vitro studies on these compounds.Öğe Diyabetik polinöropati’li hastaların thalamus volümlerinin manyetik rezonans görüntüleme yöntemi ile değerlendirilmesi(Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi, 2019) Öztürk, Ayşegül; Sabancıoğulları, Vedat; Taştemur, YaşarAMAÇ:Bu çalışma diyabetik polinöropatili hastalarda gelişen duysal sinir disfonksiyonunun thalamus volümünde değişiklik oluşturup oluşturmadığını araştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM:Çalışmamız, diyabetik polinöropati (DPNP), diabetes mellitus (DM) ve sağlıklı kontrol grubundan oluşan, yaşları 20 ile 90 arasında değişen ve thalamusu etkileyecek herhangi bir nörolojik bozukluğu bulunmayan 204 bireye (118 kadın, 86 erkek) ait beyin MR görüntülerinin kullanıldığı retrospektif bir araştırmadır. Thalamus volümü için yapılan morfometrik ölçümler, konvansiyonel MR'da T2 ağırlıklı görüntülerin aksial ve coronal kesitleri üzerinde yapılmıştır. Thalamus volümü; thalamusun anteroposterior (T1), transvers (T3), vertikal (T5) uzunluğu ve ?/6 sayısı (T1×T3×T5×?/6) le çarpılarak elde edilmiştir. Thalamusun mikroyapısal değişikliklerini ölçmek amacıyla difüzyon ağırlıklı görüntüleme yöntemi ile görünüşteki difüzyon katsayısı (apparent diffusion coefficient = ADC) hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgular için F testi (ANOVA) kullanılmıştır. Anlamlılık 0,05 olarak alınmıştır. BULGULAR:Yaptığımız ölçümlere göre; tüm yaş gruplarındaki diyabet ve diyabetik polinöropatili bireylerin her iki thalamus volümünde azalma olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0,05). 20-40 yaş arası bireyler, gruplar arası incelendiğinde sol thalamus ortalama ADC değeri, DM ve DPNP'li bireylerde sağlıklı kontrollere göre artarken (p<0,05), 41-60, 61 yaş ve üzeri bireylerde gruplar arası anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). SONUÇ:Araştırma sonuçlarında; DM ve DPNP hastalığının periferik sinir sistemi ile sınırlı olmadığı aynı zamanda merkezi sinir sistemini de etkilediği görülmüştür. Bu etkilenim tüm yaş gruplarındaki DM ve DPNP'li bireylerde mevcut olup thalamus volümümde atrofiye sebep olmaktadır.Öğe EFFECT OF THİAMİNE ON MORPHİNE ANALGESİA AND TOLERANCE İN RATS(Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi, 2023) Çiltaş, Arzuhan Çetindağ; Öztürk, AyşegülAbsract: The latest research have demonstrated that inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis plays a majör role in morphine analgesia and tolerance development. This search goals to examine the possible role of thiamine use on oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in the development of morphine analgesia and morphine tolerance in rats. Methods: Thirty-six male Wistar rats were used in this study. The rats were severed into six groups: saline, 100 mg/kg thiamine, 5 mg/kg morphine, thiamine + morphine, morphine tolerance and thiamine + morphine tolerance. The resulting analgesic effect was measured by hot plate and tail movement analgesia tests. TAS and TOS, inflammation parameters, and apoptosis protein levels of the dorsal root ganglion tissues sample were measured using an ELISA kit. Results: When thiamine was given alone, it did not show anti-nociceptive effect (p>0.05). In addition, thiamine enhanced the analgesic effect of morphine (p < 0.05) and also significantly reduced tolerance to morphine (p < 0.05). However, it reduced TOS when administered with a single dose of morphine and tolerance induction (p < 0.05). In addition, thiamine reduced apoptosis protein levels after tolerance development (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Consequently, these results may attain by reducing TOS, inflammation, and apoptosis.Öğe Effect of Wheat Germ Oil on Wound Healing: An In Vitro Study in Fibroblast Cells(Ümit Muhammet KOÇYİĞİT, 2022) Gömeç, Muhammed; İpek, Gülnihal; Öztürk, Ayşegül; İnan, Deniz ŞahinPurpose: Wound healing is a set of mechanisms that are activated to restore structurally damaged tissue. There are many studies aimed at accelerating wound healing. In this context, products obtained from plants come to the fore. In this article, the effects of wheat germ oil (WGO), which is known to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, on wound healing were investigated by in vitro method. Material and Methods: Wheat germ oil and α-tocopherol were applied to L929, a healthy fibroblast cell line, at different doses for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Cell viability was measured by XTT colorimetric method. In vitro wound healing model was applied at the dose where the oil was effective. Obtained results were analyzed statistically. Results: As a result of the application of α-tocopherol to L929 cells at different doses, it was observed that there was no significant contribution to cell proliferation compared to the control group. However, WGO was observed to significantly increase proliferation at the 100 ng/ml concentration. In the wound healing model, cells treated with WGO at 48 hours were observed to proliferate faster and invade the wound site more rapidly. (pÖğe Evaluation of Thalamus Volumes in Patients with Diabetic Polyneuropathy Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging Method(2022) Öztürk, Ayşegül; Sabanciogullari, Vedat; Taştemur, Yaşar; Oztoprak, IbrahimThe neurological process in diabetes is not limited to peripheral nerves but also affects the central nervous system (CNS). In addition, magnetic resonance images (MRI) showing that this condition can occur early in the neuropathic process are also available. This study was conducted to investigate whether peripheral sensory nerve dysfunction causes changes in thalamus volume in patients with diabetic polyneuropathy (DPNP) who experience sensory loss. Our study is a retrospective study consisting of diabetes mellitus (DM), DPNP and a healthy control group, where brain MRI of 204 individuals aged between 20-90 with no neurological disorder that might affect thalamus. Morphometric measurements for thalamus and cerebrum volumetry were performed in conventional MRI. In order to measure the microstructural changes of thalamus, the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was calculated by the diffusion-weighted imaging method. In conclusion of our measurements, it was found that individuals with DM and DPNP had a decrease in volume of both thalami(p<0.05) and cerebrum(p<0.05). However, no significant difference was found in ADC values(p>0.05). According to the results of research, DM and DPNP affect not only the peripheral nervous system but also the CNS. This effect caused atrophy of thalamus and cerebrum in patients of all age groups.Öğe Quipazine treatment exacerbates oxidative stress in glutamate-induced HT-22 neuronal cells(2022) Yıldızhan, Kenan; Öztürk, AyşegülObjectives: Quipazine is a serotonin agonist. It is known that serotonin, an important neurotransmitter, contributes to the etiology of psychiatric and many neurodegenerative diseases. However, the effect of the serotonin agonist quipazine on HT-22 cells in glutamate-induced cytotoxicity is unknown. This study aims to investigate the effect of quipazine on increased oxidative stress (OS) as a result of glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in HT-22 cells.Methods: The cells were divided into 4 groups, Control group: no treatment was applied, Glutamate group: glutamate was incubated at 10 mM for 24 h, Quipazine group: incubated with different doses of quipazine for 24 h, Quipazine+Glutamate group were pre-treated with various concentrations (25, 50, 100 and 200 µM) of quipazine for 1 h and then exposed to 10 mM glutamate for 24 h. Cell viability rate between groups was measured by the XTT assay. OS and antioxidant levels were measured with the Total Oxidant Status (TOS) and Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) Elisa kits, and Caspase-3 levels were also examined in caspase activity. Results: Quipazine at different concentrations showed significant differences in cell viability in HT-22 cells. An appropriate dose of 25 µM was accepted for quipazine in the study. Quipazine treatment with glutamate-toxicity in the cells further reduced TAS levels and significantly increased TOS levels. It was also observed that the Caspase-3 level increased more in the Quipazine + Glutamate group according to the Glutamate group. Conclusions: The results determined that the use of quipazine is an agent that will further increase the neurodegeneration caused by glutamate toxicity.Öğe The Effects of Valproic Acid on NO/cGMP in Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Acut Epilepsy Model in Rats(2022) Çiltaş, Arzuhan Çetindağ; Öztürk, AyşegülEpilepsyisadiseasewhichcausesneuronaldamageandlossofconsciousnessin consequence of recurrent seizures. Nitric oxide as a neuromodulator in brain is a gas which can penetrate into cells. It has a significant role on physiological cases,pathology of many diseases suchasinflammationanddegenerativediseases.Thepurposeofthisresearchistosearchthe activity of NO/cGMP pathway of valproic acid in an experimental acuteepileptic model which is induced with pentylenetetrazol in rats.18 adult male Wistar Albino rats were used in the study. Theratswererandomlydividedinto3groups(n=6)ascontrolgroup,pentylenetetrazol (PTZ+salin)45mgkg-1,valproicacid(PTZ+VPA)150mgkg-1.After24hoursofPTZ application, all rats brain tissues were removed and then cortex and hippocampus were separated. WhilePTZincreasedthehippocampusandcortexNO/cGMPlevelscomparedtocontrol(p <0.01),VPAdecreasedthehippocampusandcortexNOlevelsbycomparisonwithPTZ(p <0.001). On the other hand, while VPA decreased cortex cGMP levels (p<0,05) it did not change cGMP levels in hippocampus (p> 0.05). This study has suggested that VPA can show antiepileptic activity via NO/cGMP pathway.Öğe The ideas of students about neuroanatomy lesson at Sivas Cumhuriyet University Dentistry Faculty; analysis of the feedbacks(Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 2019) Taştemur, Yaşar; Öztürk, Ayşegül; Sabancıoğulları, VedatObjective: In order to improve the quality of medical education, it is essential to learn the students' opinions about the lectures through surveys. For this reason, a questionnaire was applied to the 2nd and 3rd-year students of Dentistry students of Sivas Cumhuriyet UniversityMethod: The study included 150 volunteer students (88 females and 62 males) who accepted to answer the questionnaire questions. A questionnaire consisting of 14 questions was applied to the students. The answers to the questionnaire questions were evaluated by using SPSS 23.0 program.Results: 48% of the students stated that the neuroanatomy course should be taught in the first semester of the second year, and 54% stated that the neurophysiology course should be taught before the neuroanatomy course. While 45.3% of the students found the course content sufficient, 42.7% stated that it should be added to the curriculum in the clinical anatomy course. In addition, 14.7% of the students think that high-class size makes it challenging to learn practical courses such as neuroanatomy. Conclusions: The feedback from the students shows that given the current content of the neuroanatomy course, it is more efficient to give the course in the second grade. In addition to the neuroanatomy course, the inclusion of neurophysiology and clinical anatomy courses in the curriculum will facilitate learning and be beneficial in improving the quality of education.Öğe The Relationship Between Anatomical Variations and Paranasal Sinus Volumes With Climate and Altitude(Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 2022) Taştemur, Yaşar; Öztürk, Ayşegül; Sabancıoğulları, Asım; Şalk, İsmail; Tetiker, Hasan; Altun, Ahmet; Sabancıoğulları, VedatThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of climate and altitude differences on the volume of paranasal sinuses and on the frequency of anatomic variations by comparing the paranasal sinus computerized tomography (PNSCT) of patients who were born and living in a cold, dry climate at high altitude with those of patients who were born and living on the coast at sea level in a temperate climate. We also aimed to determine differences relating to gender. A total of 914 individuals, 402 (44%) in Adana, and 512 (56%) in Sivas were evaluated and compared prospectively. Axial and coronal CT sections were used for volume measurements in the paranasal sinuses. For measurements, the widest view of the sinuses was used. The findings of this study have shown that age groups and genders compared measurements between the two cities. When the age groups are examined, there is no significant difference between the regions between 0-20 years of age (p> 0.05), whereas 21-40,41-60,61 and above individuals have a significant difference between the frontal and sphenoid sinuses (p 0.05). Considering the difference between paranasal sinus volumes between males, males were larger than females (pÖğe The role of oxidative stress in the protective effect of boric acid against glutamate excitotoxicity in C6 glioma cells(Turkish Energy, Nuclear and Mining Research Agency, 2025) Öztürk, Ayşegül; Taşkıran, Ahmet Şevki; Gündoğdu, EminThis study designed to investigate the biochemical changes in glial cells' oxidant/antioxidant systems in response to glutamate-induced excitotoxicity of boric acid (BA). The present study employed C6 glial cells. For the study, cells were separated into 4 groups as control, glutamate (10mM), glutamate+BA (0,23; 0,46; 0,93; 1,87 and 3,75 μg/mL), and BA (0,23; 0,46; 0,93; 1,87 and 3,75 μg/mL). The control group was not treated. The cells in the glutamate group were treated with 10 mM glutamate for 24 hours. BA was administered one hour prior to the addition of glutamate and incubated for 24 hours. The viability of the cells was evaluated using an XTT assay. Commercial kits were used for biochemical analyses. Significance was set at less than 0.05. The biochemical analysis revealed that the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide snythase (iNOS), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), and total oxidant status (TOS) were elevated in the glutamate group compared to the control group (p<0.05). It was detemined that BA treatment resulted in a statistically significant reduction in these levels compared to the glutamate group. (p<0.05). The levels of SOD and TAS were found to decrease in the glutamate group and to increase with BA pretreatment (p<0.05). The results demonstrated that BA exhibited protective effects on glial cells against glutamate exposure. Furthermore, BA was observed to exert its neuroprotective effect by increasing the antioxidant defense mechanism and reducing oxidative and nitrosative stress. © 2025, Turkish Energy, Nuclear and Mining Research Agency. All rights reserved.Öğe Transient reseptör potansiyel vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) reseptör antagonisti kapsazepinin sıçan nöron hücrelerinde mitokondriyal hasar, apoptozis ve morfin toleransına etkileri(Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi, 2024) Öztürk, Ayşegül; Özdemir, ErcanOpioidler ağrı kesici olarak kullanılan güçlü ilaçlardır. Ancak, uzun süreli kullanımları analjezik etkilerine karşı tolerans gelişimine yol açtığı için terapötik potansiyelleri sınırlıdır. Opioid toleransı karmaşık bir süreçtir ve altta yatan mekanizmalar tam olarak açıklanmamıştır. Toleransın nasıl azaltılabileceğinin anlaşılması, bu ajanların terapötik kullanımında önemli bir avantaj sağlayacaktır. Bu çalışma, morfin toleransı oluşturulmuş sıçanlarda TRPV1 reseptör antagonisti kapsazepinin (KPZ) morfine bağlı gelişen mitokondriyal hasar, apoptozis ve antinosiseptif tolerans üzerine etkilerini analjezi testleri, biyokimyasal ve immünohistokimyasal yöntemler kullanarak araştırmak amacıyla tasarlanmıştır. Çalışmada 36 adet (230-250 gr) Wistar Albino sıçan kullanıldı. Morfine karşı tolerans geliştirmek amacıyla sıçanlara 7 gün boyunca morfin (10 mg/kg, s.c) verildi ve ardından 8. gün tedavi dozunda morfin (5 mg/kg, s.c ) uygulanarak analjezi testleri ile tolerans değerlendirmesi yapıldı. TRPV1 reseptör antagonisti KPZ'nin morfin analjezisi ve toleransına etkileri tail-flick ve hot-plate analjezi testlerinde belirli dakika aralıklarında (0, 15, 30, 60, 90 ve 120. dk) ölçüldü (n=6). Tüm gruplara ait sıçanlar, analjezi ölçümlerinden sonra biyokimyasal ve immünohistokimyasal analizler için servikal dislokasyon ile sakrifiye edilerek dorsal kök gangliyonları (DKG) izole edildi. Elde edilen bulgularda, KPZ'nin morfinle birlikte uygulaması morfinin analjezik etkisini istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde artırırken (p˂0.05) tek başına uygulanması analjezik etkide anlamlı bir değişiklik göstermedi (p>0.05). Morfin toleransı geliştirilen sıçanlarda analjezik etkinlik morfin grubuna göre azaldı (p˂0.001). Buna karşın morfin tolerant grubuna KPZ uygulanması morfinin analjezik etkisinde anlamlı bir artışa neden oldu (p˂0.001). DKG nöronlarında yapılan biyokimyasal ve immünohistokimyasal analizler sonucunda morfin tolerant grubunda, kontrol grubuna göre mitokondriyal hasar belirteçlerinden sitokrom-c ve AIF ekspresyonlarının anlamlı düzeyde arttığı tespit edildi (p<0.001). Buna karşın tolerant grubu sıçanlara KPZ uygulanması sitokrom-c ve AIF seviyelerinde azalmaya neden oldu (p˂0.001). ELISA test sonucunda tolerant grubunda proapoptotik protein olan Bax seviyesi kontrol grubuna göre artarken, antiapoptotik faktör Bcl-2 seviyesinin azaldığı saptandı (p<0.001). KPZ uygulanması ile Bax seviyesi morfin tolerant grubuna göre azalırken, Bcl-2 seviyesi anlamlı oranda arttığı tespit edildi (p<0.001). Aynı zamanda kaspaz-9 ve kaspaz-3 seviyesinin morfin tolerant grubunda arttığı, KPZ uygulaması ile azaldığı her iki yöntemle de belirlendi (p<0.001). Sonuç olarak, elde edilen bulgular TRPV1 kanal aktivasyonunun morfinin analjezik etkisine karşı tolerans gelişiminde önemli bir rol oynadığını göstermiştir. Buna karşın, TRPV1 kanal reseptörünün KPZ ile bloke edilmesinin DKG nöronlarında mitokondriyal hasar ve apoptozu önleyerek morfine karşı tolerans gelişimini azalttığını ortaya çıkarmıştır.
