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Öğe Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Study in Euthymic Patients with Bipolar I Disorder(Yerkure Tanitim & Yayincilik Hizmetleri A S, 2012) Erden, Aslihan C.; Kugu, Nesim; Oztoprak, Ibrahim; Dogan, Orhan; Akyuz, GamzeObjective: To examine the possible presence of white matter abnormalities and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) changes by using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, in patients with euthymic bipolar I disorder. Method: Thirty patients (12 women, 18 men) were included in this study. The patients, whose total Young Mania Rating Scale points were 5 or less at least for four weeks, and whose total Hamilton Depression Rating Scale points were 7 or less were considered as euthymic. The control group was consisted of age and gender matched 30 healthy individuals. ADC values were obtained symmetrically from the frontal, temporal, and occipital lobes and the genu of the corpus callosum, where white matter tissue was the largest. Results: The mean ADC value of the bipolar group was determined as 856.53 +/- 88.31x10(-3)mm/s, and that of the control group was 778.89 +/- 89.67x10(-3)mm/s. The mean ADC values on the right frontal area was found to be lower in bipolar patients as compared to that of the control group, but the difference was statistically insignificant. However, it was found significantly lower on the left hemisphere (p<0.05). The increases of the mean ADC values obtained from both right and left temporal and occipital lobes of bipolar group were found to be statistically significant as compared to those of the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions: According to the results of this study, the increased ADC values in euthymic bipolar patients may probably be related to the disintegration of white matter. Besides, decreased ADC values obtained from the frontal areas suggest that the disintegration might be reversible.Öğe Prevalence of anxiety disorders among elderly people(WILEY, 2009) Kirmizioglu, Yalcin; Dogan, Orhan; Kugu, Nesim; Akyuz, GamzeObjectives The objectives of this study are to determine current and lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders and also to explore the relationship, if any, between possible risk factors and anxiety disorders, amongst elderly people living in the Sivas province of Turkey. Methods The research sample consisted of 462 persons. A Socio-demographic Data Form was given to the participants and the Anxiety Module of SCID-I was applied. Chi-square and Fischer's exact tests were used to evaluate the data obtained. Results The current prevalence for all types of anxiety disorder was found to be 17.1% overall and the lifetime prevalence was found to be 18.6%. The current prevalence rates for particular disorders were found to be 0.4% for panic disorder, 3.2% for obsessive-compulsive disorder, 1.9% for post-traumatic stress disorder, 2.8% for social phobia, 11.5% for specific phobia, 6.9% for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Lifetime prevalence rates for these disorders (except GAD) were 1.1%, 3.2%, 3.0%, 2.85%, 11.5% respectively. Conclusions Anxiety disorders are more common among elderly people than was previously thought. The lifetime prevalence of specific phobia amongst the elderly is higher than that of general population; the lifetime prevalence ratios of obsessive-compulsive disorder and social phobia are similar to that of the general population in Sivas. In order to improve the delivery of health services, it is recommended that further studies should be conducted among elderly people, both by applying standardized diagnostic tools, but also taking into account socio-economic factors and using convenient therapy methods developed specifically for this group. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Öğe Social Phobia Among University Students and Its Relation to Self-Esteem and Body Image(CANADIAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOC, 2004) Izgic, Ferda; Akyuz, Gamze; Dogan, Orhan; Kugu, NesimObjective: To demonstrate the prevalence of social phobia and its relation to body image and self-esteem. Method: Study participants were 1003 students recruited from Cumhuriyet University as a randomized sample. Subjects were administered the Diagnostic Interview Schedule-III-Revised (DIS-III-R) Social Phobia Scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ). We analyzed the data, using Fisher's exact chi-square test. Results: Lifetime prevalence of social phobia among university students was 9.6% and past-year prevalence was 7.9%. Self-esteem was lower (P < 0.05) among those with social phobia than among those without social phobia. Students with social phobia had lower scores on the MBSRQ than did those without social phobia (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: The results show that persons with social phobia have lower self-esteem and more distorted body image than do those without social phobia.Öğe Trauma and dissociation among prisoners(TAYLOR & FRANCIS AS, 2007) Akyuz, Gamze; Kugu, Nesim; Sar, Vedat; Dogan, OrhanThe current study examined childhood abuse, dissociation and post-traumatic stress disorder ( PTSD) among male prisoners. A sample of 101 randomly selected male prisoners was interviewed. The Dissociative Experiences Scale ( DES), Childhood Abuse and Neglect Questionnaire ( CANQ) and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I)-PTSD module were applied. Probands reported high frequency of criterion A trauma (85.2%) and lifetime PTSD (66.4%). Also, dissociative experiences more frequent than that of general population and most frequent dissociative symptoms were amnesia and absorption. PTSD and childhood traumas occur at high rates in prisoners and this finding has implications for management and treatment.
