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    Comparative effects of riboflavin, nicotinamide and folic acid on alveolar bone loss: A morphometric and histopathologic study in rats
    (SRPSKO LEKARSKO DRUSTVO, 2016) Akpinar, Aysun; Karakan, Nebi Cansin; Alpan, Aysan Lektemur; Dogan, Suat Serhan Altintepe; Goze, Fahrettin; Poyraz, Omer
    Introduction Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory and osteolytic disease. Vitamin B complex is a class of water-soluble vitamins that play important roles in cell metabolism. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of riboflavin (RBF), nicotinamide (NA), and folic acid (FA) on alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis rat model. Methods Sixty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following eight groups: Control, Ligated, RBF50 (RBF, 50 mg/kg daily), NA50 (NA, 50 mg/kg daily), FA50 (FA, 50 mg/kg daily), RBF100 (RBF, 100 mg/kg daily), NA100 (NA, 100 mg/kg daily), and FA100 (FA, 100 mg/kg daily). Periodontitis was induced using silk ligature around the right first mandibular molar. After 11 days the rats were sacrificed. Mandible and serum samples were collected. Changes in alveolar bone levels were measured clinically, and periodontal tissues were examined histopathologically. Serum IL-1 beta (pg/ml) levels were analyzed by using ELISA. Results Mean alveolar bone loss in the mandibular first molar tooth revealed to be significantly lower in RBF100 group than in the Control group. In the Ligated group, alveolar bone loss was significantly higher than in all other groups. The ratio of presence of inflammatory cell infiltration in the Ligated group was significantly higher than in the Control group. The differences in the serum IL-1 beta levels between the groups were not statistically significant. Osteoclasts that were observed in the Ligated group were significantly higher than those of the Control and FA100 groups. The osteoblastic activity in the Ligated group, RBF100, and NA100 groups were shown to be significantly higher than those in the Control group. Conclusion This study has demonstrated that systemic administration of RBF, NA, and FA in different dosages (50-100 mg/kg) reduced alveolar bone loss in periodontal disease in rats.
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    COMPARISON OF ORAL HYGIENE ATTITUDES, AWARENESS AND PERIODONTAL PARAMETERS OF UNDERGRADUATE DENTAL STUDENTS
    (2019) Alpan, Aysan Lektemur; Görgün, Emine Pirim
    Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the differences in selfreported oral health attitudes and clinical measurements between undergraduatedental students who enrolled in or not enrolled in periodontology course inTurkey.Materials and Methods: A total of 701 students were included in the study.Students asked 26 questions including age, gender, smoking, oral hygiene habitsand self-assessment measures for periodontal status. Probing depth (PD) clinicalattachment level (CAL), presence of bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque index(PI) and gingival index (GI) measurements performed. The Chi-square test wasused for categorical data and one way Anova post hoc Tukey test for ordinal leveldata.Results: There were no differences between grades in term of PD and CAL(p>0.05). Statistically significant difference was in BOP value between 1st and 5th grade (p<0.05). PI values of 1st grade were statistically higher than 3rd, 4th and 5th grades (p<0.05). GI of 1st grade was statistically higher than 4th and 5th grades(p<0.05). GI of 2nd grade was statistically higher than 3rd, 4th and 5th grades(p<0.05). Tooth brushing was not different between grades (p>0.05). Interdentalcare ratios in grades significantly differ from each other (p<0.05). According tostudents, they did not have any kind of periodontal disease with high percentagesabove 88%. 4th and 5th grades had periodontal treatment comparing the othergrades (p<0.05).Conclusions: Starting to take periodontology course in dental faculties from thefirst year and constituting a periodontal disease prevention program will bebeneficial to students in Turkey.
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    Effects of Curcumin on Alveolar Bone Loss in Experimental Periodontitis in Rats: A Morphometric and Histopathologic Study
    (VERLAG HANS HUBER, 2017) Akpinar, Aysun; Calisir, Metin; Karakan, Nebi Cansin; Alpan, Aysan Lektemur; Goze, Fahrettin; Poyraz, Omer
    Background: Curcumin is found in the rhizomes of the turmeric plant that has been showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of systemic curcumin therapy on alveolar bone loss in an experimental periodontitis model in rats. Material and Methods: Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided to 4 groups: 75 mg/kg/daily curcumin (C75; n = 8), 150 mg/kg/daily curcumin (C150; n = 8), Control (n = 8), and Ligated (n = 8). Curcumin was administrated using gastric gavage. After 12 days, the rats were sacrificed. Right mandibles samples were histopathologically examined. Alveolar bone loss was measured. Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) were evaluated in the serum samples and gingival homogenates. Results: The measurements of alveolar bone loss in the mandibular molars revealed significantly higher bone-loss values in the Ligated group than the Control, C75 and C150 groups. The IL-1 beta levels in the gingival homogenates were significantly increased in the Ligated group compared to those of the Control, C75 and C150 groups. The serum IL-1 beta levels in the Ligated group were significantly higher than the Control group. The mean osteoblast numbers in the Ligated group were lower than those of the Control, C75 and C150 groups. The C150 groups showed significantly more osteoblasts than the Control group. The osteoclast numbers in the Ligated group increased significantly compared to the C75, C150 and control groups. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that systemic administration of curcumin at the 75 and 150mg/kg doses reduced alveolar bone loss in the periodontal disease in rats.
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    Humic Acid Enhances Wound Healing in the Rat Palate
    (HINDAWI LTD, 2018) Calisir, Metin; Akpinar, Aysun; Talmac, Ahmet Cemil; Alpan, Aysan Lektemur; Goze, Omer Fahrettin
    Introduction. Humic acid was previously shown to enhance cutaneous wound healing and show antibacterial properties; however, it has not been used for wound healing in the oral cavity. Thus, the goal of this study was the evaluation of the effect of the humic acid on the healing of excisional wounds in an experimental rat study. Materials and Methods. A circular wound on mid-palatal surfaces was made on a total of 77 Wistar rats by using a 3-mm biopsy punch under anesthesia. The animals were divided into 4 groups as baseline, saline control (0.09%), chlorhexidine gluconate (0.05%), and humic acid (80 mg/kg) and were treated with these materials for 7 days. Results. The rats were observed for 3 weeks in order to track the wound closure rates. Both humic acid treatment and chlorhexidine gluconate treatment resulted in statistically significant enhanced rate of wound closure compared to the saline control on both the 1st and 2nd weeks of treatment. Humic acid treatment for the wounds in the palate resulted in enhanced recovery compared to not only saline control but also chlorhexidine gluconate treatment. Conclusion. In this study, humic acid was shown to enhance healing of oral wounds for the first time in the literature. These findings indicate that humic acid can be used as an alternative to current treatment methods for oral wounds.
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    Ozone improves autogenous graft healing in experimental diabetes mellitus: A morphometric and immunohistochemical study
    (2020) Alpan, Aysan Lektemur; Toker, Hülya; Özer, Hatice
    Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder whichplays crucial role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Ozone haveseveral actions such as antimicrobial, immunostimulating,antihypoxic effects, and activates antioxidant enzymes andangiogenesis. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect ofgaseous ozone on bone healing in diabetic rat calvarial defectstreated with autogenous bone graft, morphometrically andimmunohistochemically.Material and Methods: Diabetes was induced and critical sizedefects were created on rats. Study groups: 1-Empty defect(Control, n=14) group, 2-Autograft (AG, n=14) group, 3-Emptydefect+ozone therapy (Control+Ozone, n=14) group, 4-Autograft+ozone application (AG+Ozone, n=14) group. Gaseousozone was applied on the operation day and the following 2 weeksdaily (140ppm @ 2L/d, 2.24 mg). Total bone area was measured.Osteocalcin and Bone morphogenic protein-2 protein expressionswere evaluated.Results: Control and Control+Ozone groups had no osteoclastand residuel lacunae during the study . Osteoblasts in AG+Ozonegroup were higher than AG group at 4th week (p>0.05).AG+Ozone group had more total bone area than AG group at 4thweek. AG+Ozone group revealed more BMP-2 immune positivitycompared to the other groups. Osteocalcin immune positivity inAG groups was higher than those of the Control groups.Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, gaseous ozoneapplication decreased osteoclast number and increasedosteoblast number and bone regeneration, especially, in earlystages of bone regeneration in diabetic rats
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    Ozone Therapy Enhances Osseous Healing in Rats With Diabetes With Calvarial Defects: A Morphometric and Immunohistochemical Study
    (WILEY, 2016) Alpan, Aysan Lektemur; Toker, Huelya; Ozer, Hatice
    Background: Bone healing is impaired in diabetes mellitus (DM) cases. The aim of this study is to investigate, both morphometrically and immunohistochemically, the effect of gaseous ozone on bone healing in diabetic rat calvarial defects treated with xenografts. Methods: DM was induced with 50 mg/kg intraperitoneal streptozotocin in 56 male Wistar rats. Study groups were as follows: 1) empty defect (control, n = 14); 2) xenograft (XG, n = 14); 3) empty defect treated with ozone therapy (control + ozone, n = 14); and 4) xenograft and ozone application (XG + ozone, n = 14). Critical-size defects were created in all rats. Bovine-derived xenograft was applied to XG groups. Gaseous ozone was applied on the operation day and daily for 2 weeks (140 ppm at 2 L/d, 2.24 mg). Rats were sacrificed at 4 or 8 weeks post-surgery. Total bone area, newly formed bone, and residual graft material were measured histomorphometrically. Osteocalcin and bone morphogenic protein (BMP)-2 expression was evaluated immunohistochemically. Results: Osteoclast numbers in the XG + ozone group were higher than the other groups at week 4 (P < 0.05). XG + ozone group revealed more total bone area and new bone area than the XG group at weeks 4 (P < 0.05) and 8 (P > 0.05). Residual graft materials were decreased in the XG + ozone group and the same group revealed more BMP-2 positivity compared with other groups. Osteocalcin positivity in XG groups was higher than in control groups. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this DM animal study, gaseous ozone application accelerates xenograft resorption and enhances bone regeneration, especially in the early stages of bone healing.