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    First Molecular Detection ofDirofilaria immitisandD. repensin Dogs from Kyrgyzstan
    (Springer Int Publ Ag, 2020) Aydin, Mehmet Fatih; Altay, Kursat; Aytmirzakizi, Ayperi; Dumanli, Nazir
    Background Dirofilaria immitisandDirofilaria repensare the causative agents of cardiopulmonary and subcutaneous dirofilariosis, respectively. This neglected disease mainly seen in dogs, cats and wild carnivores is re-emerging recent years. No study was conducted on dirofilariosis in dogs in Kyrgyzstan. Purpose The goal of this study was to investigateDirofilariaspecies using PCR and sequencing in dogs from Kyrgyzstan. Method Dirofilariaspp. infection in dogs was screened via convential PCR and sequencing in 337 dogs from Kyrgyzstan. Result The overall prevalence ofDirofilariaspp. was 0.59% (2/337): DNA ofD. immitiswas detected in one sample and DNA ofD. repensin second positive sample. In second sample, parallel co-infection ofD. repenswithWolbachiawas also found. WhileD. immitissequence showed 98.70-100% similarity with previously reported sequences ofD. immitisfrom dog blood,D. repensshared 100% identity with other sequences ofD. repens. Conclusion These results provided first evidence forDirofilariaspp. in Kyrgyzstan and emphasized the veterinary and medical importance.
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    First Molecular Evidence for Mycoplasma haemocanis and Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum in Asymptomatic Shelter Dogs in Kyrgyzstan
    (Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2020) Altay, Kursat; Aydin, Mehmet Fatih; Aytmirzakizi, Ayperi; Jumakanova, Zarima; Cunusova, Ayday; Dumanli, Nazir
    Mycoplasma haemocanis (Mhc) and Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum (CMhp) have been investigated using species specific PCR and sequencing in 170 dogs from Kyrgyzstan. Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) of the infection rates with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was calculated. The molecular prevalence of hemoplasma infection was 5.29% (CI 2.57-9.34). It was found that, five (2.94%, CI 1.06-6.22) samples were found to be infected with Mhc, one (0.59%, CI 0.03-2.57) sample with CMhp and three (1.76%, CI 0.44-4.52) samples with both species. These results demonstrate that dogs can be exposed to each haemoplasma species and provide first molecular evidence for these species in Kyrgyzstan.
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    First Molecular Evidence of Babesia vogeli, Babesia vulpes, and Theileria ovis in Dogs from Kyrgyzstan
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2023) Altay, Kursat; Erol, Ufuk; Sahin, Omer Faruk; Aydin, Mehmet Fatih; Aytmirzakizi, Ayperi; Dumanli, Nazir
    Tick-borne parasitic diseases cause mild to severe infections among vertebrate hosts, including dogs. Species in the genus Babesia are important tick-borne pathogens and have worldwide distributions. Although there are data on the prevalence and distribution of Babesia species among dogs around the world, there is no information available in Kyrgyzstan, according to a literature review. In this study, 337 dogs were screened by nested PCR for the presence of the 18S small subunit ribosomal RNA (18S SSU rRNA) gene of piroplasm species. Overall prevalence was 6.23% (21/337) for Babesia/Theileria spp. DNA sequencing of positively tested samples revealed that eighteen samples were infected with Babesia vogeli (B. vogeli) (5.34%), two samples with B. vulpes (0.59%), and one sample with Theileria ovis (T. ovis) (0.29%). The phylogenetic analyses and nucleotide sequences in contrast with those present in GenBank revealed that two nucleotide substitutions (594th and 627th) were found between B. vogeli isolates, including ours, indicating that the mutation is relatively rare. The sequences of other pathogens obtained in this study confirmed 100% nucleotide identity with B. vulpes and T. ovis sequences in GenBank. To the best of our knowledge, B. vogeli, B. vulpes, and T. ovis were detected for the first time in dogs from Kyrgyzstan, and it is thought that results will contribute to the understanding of the epidemiology of canine tick-borne pathogens in the country. © 2023 by the authors.