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Öğe An Overview of Nanofiber Applications for Development of Phytopharmaceuticals(Galenos Publ House, 2022) Esenturk-Guzel, Imren; Abdo, Luceyn; Algin Yapar, Evren; Esenturk, Engin; Buyukkayhan, Derya; Sindhu, Rakesh K.Herbal sources contain a variety of bio-actives, which are also called phytochemicals. Many of the herbal bio-actives have therapeutic effects and distinguished chemical properties that allow them favorable candidates for phytomedicines. The history of traditional herbal medicines, which are the precursors of phytopharmaceuticals, dates back to ancient times. Today, many of the officially approved and widely used medicines are produced by isolating active substances from herbal sources. Although traditional pharmaceutical dosage forms such as tablets, capsules, syrups, solutions, decoctions and ointments are still used today, problems related with the absorption, biotransformation and stability of phytochemicals reduces the efficacy, bioavailability and in some cases safety of herbal medicines. Also, conventional pharmaceutical dosage forms are often providing an immediate release of phytoconstituents. Besides the use of advanced drug delivery systems offer advantages to overcome mentioned problems, they also provide extended release with maximum efficacy associated with minimum side effects. Researches on development of herbal formulations by using novel drug delivery systems have gain attention and the use of nanotechnology-based systems have special attention. One of the nano drug carrier systems is nanofibers which have unique properties making them widely used in different treatments such as infections, allergy, rheumatic diseases, inflammatory diseases, cancers, etc. In this study, the use Bitkisel kaynaklar, fitokimyasallar olarak da adlandirilan cesitli biyoaktif maddeler icerirler. Bitkisel biyo-aktiflerin cogu, bitkisel ilaclar icin uygun aday olmalarini saglayan terapotik etkilere ve kimyasal ozelliklere sahiptirler. Fitofarmasotiklerin oncusu olan geleneksel bitkisel ilaclarin tarihi cok eskilere dayanmaktadir. Gunumuzde resmi olarak onaylanmis ve yaygin olarak kullanilan ilaclarin bircogu bitkisel kaynaklardan etken maddelerin izole edilmesiyle uretilmektedir. Tabletler, kapsuller, suruplar, solusyonlar, dekoksiyonlar ve merhemler gibi geleneksel farmasotik dozaj formlari gunumuzde hala kullanilmasina ragmen, fitokimyasallarin absorpsiyonu, biyotransformasyonu ve stabilitesi ile ilgili problemler, bitkisel ilaclarin etkinligini, biyoyararlanimini ve bazi durumlarda guvenligini azaltmaktadir. Ayrica, geleneksel farmasotik dozaj formlari genellikle bitkisel bilesiklerin hemen salinmasini saglar. Gelismis ilac tasiyici sistemlerin kullanilmasi, bahsedilen sorunlarin ustesinden gelmek icin avantajlar sunmanin yani sira, minimum yan etkilerle iliskili maksimum etkinlik ile uzun sureli salim saglar. Yeni ilac tasiyici sistemler kullanilarak bitkisel formulasyonlarin gelistirilmesi uzerine yapilan arastirmalar dikkat cekmis ve nanoteknoloji tabanli sistemlerin kullanimina ayrica onem verilmistir. Nano ilac tasiyici sistemlerden biri de benzersiz ozelliklere sahip olan ve bu sayede enfeksiyon, alerji, romatizmal hastaliklar, enflamatuvar hastaliklar, kanser gibi farkli hastaliklarin of the nanofiber-based carrier systems to deliver herbal bio-actives through various drug application routes is overviewed.Öğe Effect of Antenatal Betamethasone Use on Adrenal Gland Size and Endogenous Cortisol and 17-Hydroxyprogesterone in Preterm Neonates(FREUND PUBLISHING HOUSE LTD, 2009) Buyukkayhan, Derya; Ozturk, Mehmet Adnan; Kurtoglu, Selim; Koklu, Esad; Yikilmaz, AliAim: To assess the effect of antenatal betamethasone use on adrenal gland size and adrenal hormones in preterm neonates who had gestational ages of 27-36 weeks. Infants and Methods: Sixty-six neonates divided into two groups: betamethasone group, whose mothers received betamethasone 12 mg two times 24 h apart, and no betamethasone group, whose mothers did not receive any steroid agent during the antenatal period. Serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) levels and cortisol levels were measured during the first six hours of life. In addition, adrenal gland length and width were determined on the first day of life. Hormone tests and ultrasonographic evaluation were repeated on the fifth day of life. Results: We found statistically significant reductions in 17-OHP and cortisol levels at birth in corticosteroid-exposed neonates (p <0.05). There was no significant difference between the study groups with regard to adrenal gland length and width (p >0.05). Conclusions: This study demonstrates that betamethasone use in preterm neonates reduces endogenous 17-OHP and cortisol levels; however, it has no effect on adrenal gland size.Öğe Enzyme replacement therapy in an infant with Pompe's disease with severe cardiomyopathy(Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2009) Tanzer, F.; Buyukkayhan, Derya; Cansu Mutlu, E.; Kalender Korkmaz, F.Pompe's disease is a glycogen storage disease (type II) characterized by inherited autosomal recessive transmission. A 4 month-old girl presented with rapid disease progression, exhibiting severe hypotonia, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, progressing to respiratory failure by the age of 9 months. Despite its low incidence, infantile Pompe's disease is lethal. The availability of an effective treatment has created an urgent need to improve knowledge and early diagnosis of this disease. The clinical response is variable from patient to patient with a better effect in patients enrolled earlier. The only clinically available therapy for Pompe's disease is enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). Gene therapy is still not available for Pompe's disease due to lack of suitable vectors for long-term and tissue-specific expression. Recombinant human alpha-glucosidase remains a hope for patients. © Freund Publishing House Ltd.Öğe Postictal Serum Prolactin Levels and Peripheral Leukocytosis in Afebrile and Febrile Convulsions in Children(Kare Publ, 2005) Kara, Semra; Icagasioglu, Dilara; Buyukkayhan, Derya; Pinar, RukiyeObjectives: We determined serum prolactin levels after febrile and afebrile convulsions, and the effect of afebrile convulsions on serum prolactin levels and peripheral white blood cell count was assessed for the differential diagnosis of epileptic and pseudoepileptic seizures. Patients and Methods: Serum prolactin levels and white blood cell count were measured in 19 patients with afebrile convulsions (12 boys, 7 girls; mean age 73.3 months; range 2 months to 13 years) and in 32 patients with febrile convulsions (22 boys, 10 girls; mean age 30.5 months; range 9 months to 5.5 years). Postictal measurements were made at a mean period of 2.9 +/- 0.3 hours. The results were compared with those of two control groups including 30 afebrile (19 boys, 11 girls; mean age 60.4 months; range 3 months to 14 years) and 30 febrile (16 boys, 14 girls; mean age 32.6 months; range 4 months to 5.5 years) patients. Results: Postictal serum prolactin levels in patients with febrile and afebrile convulsions were significantly higher than those of the control groups (p<0.05). Compared to afebrile controls, afebrile convulsions were associated with significantly elevated peripheral white blood cell counts (p<0.05). Conclusion: Significant increases in postictal serum prolactin levels in both febrile and afebrile convulsions may be a useful marker for the differentiation of epileptic and pseudoepileptic seizures. Peripheral white blood cell count is also significantly elevated at a mean postictal period of 2.9 hours in afebrile convulsions.Öğe Transmission of Helicobacter pylori infection in mother-infant pairs(AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS, 2008) Selda, Hizel Bulbul; Ozden, Ali; Tanzer, Fatos; Kisa, Ucler; Buyukkayhan, Derya; Misirrlioglou, Emine Dibek; Kisa, Ozgul…Öğe Twins abused by their father(GALENOS YAYINCILIK, 2011) Butun, Celal; Beyaztas, Fatma Yucel; Oral, Resmiye; Guney, Cengiz; Buyukkayhan, Derya; Sato, YutakaChild abuse and neglect is an important public health problem that recurs unless it is recognized early and protection measures are implemented timely. Multidisciplinary collaboration of related professionals is of paramount importance in assessing and managing cases of child abuse and neglect. The father of the twins presented in this paper, who was employed in odd jobs as the sole bread-winner of his family of five and abused his wife also physically abused his twin children under one year of age. Although the physicians reported these children to law enforcement, the family concealed the abuse and neither the physicians nor the law enforcement reported this family to child protective services. As a consequence, a picture of recurrence of abuse with a cumulative negative medico-social outcome was observed. Since the mother declined to testify on the father abusing his children during the court proceedings, the father returned to the family after a brief incarceration. Child protective measures were established only after the forensic medicine physician interfered with the proceedings on a voluntary basis. This presentation aimed at reviewing the risk factors related to abuse and associated findings and assessment steps of abuse. In addition, these cases confirmed that every child abuse case that is missed by physicians and mismanaged legally or from child protection perspective has the potential to lead to severe, chronic abuse. Therefore, it is important that the family, law, medicine, and social services should collaborate in diagnosis and management of these cases. (Turk Arch Ped 2011; 46: 346-50)
