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Öğe Biological perspective of a triazine derivative with isatin/chalcone/acridone: DFT and docking investigations(Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2021) Mary, Y. Sheena; Mary, Y. Shyma; Ciltas, Arzuhan CetindagThe article highlights insights into biological activity using computational methods in products of 1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine with 1H-indole-2,3-dione (isatin)/(2E)-13-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one (chalcone)/10H-acridin-9-one (acridone). Biological activity is carried out using the method of electron density, 6-311++G(d,p) for molecular and electronic characteristics. Frontier molecular orbitals provide quantum mechanical descriptors to determine electronic properties. Studies show reduced energy gap with high kinetic stability and the index of electrophilicity is a consequence of delocalized sites of 1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine and nucleophilic sites are responsible for biological activity. Enhancement in electrophilicity index of products confirms electron acceptor between the reactants. The structural and molecular docking with different proteins shows that the product molecules are good drugs for the corresponding activity.Öğe Effects of probiotics on GABA/glutamate and oxidative stress in PTZ-induced acute seizure model in rats(Elsevier, 2023) Ciltas, Arzuhan Cetindag; Toy, Cemal Erdem; Gunes, Handan; Yaprak, MeryemStudies conducted in recent years have indicated a relationship between epilepsy and gut microbiota. Ion channels, excitatory/inhibitory balance and regulatory systems play a role in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. In addition, gut dysbiosis is also involved in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. This research investigated the impacts of probiotic mixture on epileptic seizures, Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate, and TAS and TOS levels in hippocampal tissue in the PTZ-induced acute seizure model in rats. Four groups were formed with male Wistar albino rats. The first and second groups were given 1 ml/day saline solution, and the other groups were given 0.05 mg/1 ml/day vehicle or 109cfu/1 ml/day probiotic supplementation, respectively via gavage for 21 days. A single-dose PTZ (45 mg/kg) was administered to induce seizure. The stages of seizure were analyzed according to the Racine scale. While ELISA was used to determine GABA and glutamate levels in the hippocampus, an automated colorimetric method was utilized to measure oxidant/antioxidant biomarkers. It was found that by delaying the first myoclonic jerk (FMJ), and the onset of the generalized tonic-clonic seizures, the probiotic mixture demonstrated anticonvulsant effects against seizures. The probiotic mixture was found to increase the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. It was also found to decrease TOS levels and increase TAS concentration. The findings of this study showed that probiotic mixture reduced oxidative stress with its positive effects against PTZinduced epileptic seizures. Further studies are needed to reveal potentially related mechanisms.Öğe Inhibition of the TRPM2 cation channel attenuates morphine tolerance by modulating endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis in rats(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2025) Ciltas, Arzuhan Cetindag; Ozdemir, Ercan; Gunes, Handan; Ozturk, AysegulOpioid drugs such as morphine are frequently preferred drugs for severe pain in cancer and chronic diseases, but long-term use causes opioid tolerance. The mechanism of tolerance to opioids is quite complex and not fully understood. Our aim in this study was to investigate the effects of TRPM2 cation channel antagonists N-(pamylcinnamoyl) anthranilic acid (ACA) and 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) on morphine analgesia and tolerance in rats. Forty-eight Wistar Albino male rats were included in the study and the rats were randomly divided into drug and control (saline) groups. To induce morphine tolerance, the rats were injected with 10 mg/ kg morphine intraperitoneally for 7 days. After thermal analgesia tests, dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and cortex tissues were isolated. Proapoptotic mediators caspase-3 and 9, total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) and ER stress proteins GRP78/BiP, ATF-6, p-IRE1 and pERK levels were measured by biochemical analysis of tissue homogenates. The findings showed that there was a significant decrease in morphine tolerance in rats administered ACA and 2-APB (p<0.05). In addition, biochemical tests revealed a significant decrease in ER stress proteins, proapoptotic biomarkers and TOS levels and a significant increase in TAS levels in DRG, thalamus and sensory cortex tissues (p<0.05). In conclusion, inhibition of TRPM2 cation channel by ACA and 2APB reduces morphine tolerance by preventing ER stress and apoptosis. It may be possible to increase the analgesic potential of morphine by combined application with ACA and 2-APB in the clinic, but further experimental and molecular studies are needed.Öğe The Anticonvulsant Effects of Adenosine A1 Agonist N6-Cyclopentyladenosine on Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Kindling Model of Epilepsy(Wiley, 2022) Ciltas, Arzuhan Cetindag; Ozdemir, Ercan; Gumus, Erkan; Arslan, Gokhan; Gunes, Handan[Abstract Not Available]
