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Öğe Acute Phase Proteins, Clinical, Hematological and Biochemical Parameters in Dairy Cows Naturally Infected with Anaplasma Marginale(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2012) Coskun, Alparslan; Ekici, Ozlem Derinbay; Guzelbektes, Hasan; Aydogdu, Ugur; Sen, IsmailThe aim of the study was to evaluate acute phase response via Haptoglobin and serum amyloid-A concentrations in dairy cows naturally infected with Anaplasma marginale. The second aim of the study was to determine the changes in clinical, hematological and biochemical parameters in dairy cows naturally infected Anaplasma marginale. A total of 40 dairy cattle suffering from bovine anaplasmosis were included to the study from a dairy cattle herd. A total of 10 healthy dairy cattle were selected for control group. Analysis of acute phase proteins, hematologic analysis and biochemical analysis was performed in this study. Serum haptoglobin and serum amyloid-A concentrations significantly increased in cattle infected with Anaplasma marginale compared to healthy cattle. All cattle in infected group demonstrated clinical signs of anaplasmosis. Significantly decreased red blood cell count, packed cell volume, and hemoglobin concentration were observed in infected cattle compared to the control group. Serum aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine and bilirubin concentrations were significantly increased in infected cattle compared with the control group. In conclusion, the changes of biochemical and hematological parameters may be indicate of anemia and tissue damage in cattle with anaplasmosis. Serum haptoglobin and serum amyloid-A concentrations could be usefull in evaluate of acute phase response in cattle infected with Anaplasma marginale.Öğe CARDIAC BIOMARKERS IN PREMATURE CALVES WITH RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME(AKADEMIAI KIADO RT, 2016) Aydogdu, Ugur; Yildiz, Ramazan; Guzelbektes, Hasan; Coskun, Alparslan; Sen, IsmailThe aim of this study was to determine the clinical relevance of cardiac biomarkers [troponin I and T, creatine kinase-MB fraction (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)] in premature calves with respiratory distress syndrome. Seventy premature calves were admitted to the clinic within 24 h after birth. Respiratory distress syndrome was diagnosed in premature calves by clinical examination and venous blood gas analysis. Ten healthy calves, aged 5 days, were used as control. Cardiac troponin I and T were analysed using ELISA and ELFA, respectively. Serum CK-MB and LDH were also analysed in an automatic analyser. The calves had low venous pH, pO(2), O-2 saturation and high pCO(2) values consistent with dyspnoea, hypoxaemia, and inadequate oxygen delivery. Mean serum troponin I, troponin T, CK-MB and LDH levels were increased in the premature calves compared to the control group. In conclusion, the results in this study demonstrated that serum CK-MB, troponin I and troponin T concentrations could be used for evaluating myocardial injury in premature calves with respiratory distress syndrome.Öğe Comparison of the Effectiveness of Halofuginone Lactate and Paromomycin in the Treatment of Calves Naturally Infected with Cryptosporidium parvum(UNIV FED RIO GRANDE DO SUL, 2018) Aydogdu, Ugur; Isik, Nermin; Ekici, Ozlem Derinbay; Yildiz, Ramazan; Sen, Ismail; Coskun, AlparslanBackground: Cryptosporidiosis is one of the most important problems among neonatal ruminants. Cryptosporidium parvum is the agent causing the disease. Cryptosporidium infection, responsible for diarrhea, dehydration, weight loss and death in neonatal ruminants, leads to significant economic losses for producers. In calves naturally or experimentally infected with cryptosporidiosis, many agents have been reported to have therapeutic and protective effects. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of halofuginone lactate and paromomycin in the treatment of calves naturally infected with Cryptosporidium parvum. Materials, Methods & Results: Twenty calves between 7 and 20 days of age and naturally infected were included in the study. There were two different treatment groups in the study. The first group of calves were administered 100 mu g/kg/day halofuginone lactate for 7 days and the second group of calves were administered 100 mg/kg/day paromomycin for 7 days. In addition, antibiotic and vitamin C were applied to all calves. Jugular venous blood samples were obtained pre-treatment and on the 7th day after the treatment. Routine clinical examinations of the calves were performed on days 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7 and rectal stool samples were collected for the detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts. Severe diarrhea, dehydration, depression and weight loss were observed in calves in both treatment groups. A significant decrease (P < 0.05) was observed for both groups in oocyst count on days 3, 5 and 7 compared to days 0 and 1. Improvements in blood parameters, stool characters and clinical scoring of both groups were observed in post-treatment. Discussion: Many pharmaceuticals or compounds have been tested for animal with cryptosporidiosis and only very few of them have shown a partial protective activity in ruminants when used prophylactically. Halofuginone lactate and paromomycin are commonly recommended as both therapeutic and protective agents. However, the effectiveness of the two therapeutic agents in natural infections has not been compared and, in the meantime, recommendations for a rational use are also not sufficiently documented in calves with cryptosporidiosis. Paromomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to control C. parvum infection in animals. Paromomycin reduces oocyst shedding and the number of days with diarrhea in experimentally infected calves when used prophylactically. Halofuginone lactate is a synthetic quinazolinone with cryptosporidial activity in the merozoite and sporozoite stages of C. parvum. It is recommended for both therapeutic and prophylactic use in cryptosporidiosis. In this study, although paromomycin (100 mg/kg/day for 7 days) and halofuginone lactate (100 mu g/kg/day for 7 days) led to a decrease in oocyst shedding from day 1, a statistically significant decrease (P < 0.05) was observed from day 3. The results of this study show that the decrease in oocyst shedding in both treatment groups, improvements in clinical findings and recoveries in hematologic, blood gas and serum biochemistry values are similar. Even though these drugs do not eliminate the infection, they decrease both the severity of diarrhea and contribute to recovery. In conclusion, the results of this study indicated that halofuginone lactate and paromomycin were effective in the treatment of calves naturally infected with cryptosporidiosis. Therefore, we recommend that both drugs should be used in the treatment of calves naturally infected with Cryptosporidium parvum.Öğe Comparison of the effectiveness of halofuginone lactate and paromomycin in the treatment of calves naturally infected with cryptosporidium parvum(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2018) Aydogdu, Ugur; Isik, Nermin; Ekici, Ozlem Derinbay; Yildiz, Ramazan; Sen, Ismail; Coskun, AlparslanBackground: Cryptosporidiosis is one of the most important problems among neonatal ruminants. Cryptosporidium parvum is the agent causing the disease. Cryptosporidium infection, responsible for diarrhea, dehydration, weight loss and death in neonatal ruminants, leads to significant economic losses for producers. In calves naturally or experimentally infected with cryptosporidiosis, many agents have been reported to have therapeutic and protective effects. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of halofuginone lactate and paromomycin in the treatment of calves naturally infected with Cryptosporidium parvum. Materials, Methods & Results: Twenty calves between 7 and 20 days of age and naturally infected were included in the study. There were two different treatment groups in the study. The first group of calves were administered 100 µg/kg/day halofuginone lactate for 7 days and the second group of calves were administered 100 mg/kg/day paromomycin for 7 days. In addition, antibiotic and vitamin C were applied to all calves. Jugular venous blood samples were obtained pre-treatment and on the 7th day after the treatment. Routine clinical examinations of the calves were performed on days 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7 and rectal stool samples were collected for the detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts. Severe diarrhea, dehydration, depression and weight loss were observed in calves in both treatment groups. A significant decrease (P < 0.05) was observed for both groups in oocyst count on days 3, 5 and 7 compared to days 0 and 1. Improvements in blood parameters, stool characters and clinical scoring of both groups were observed in post-treatment. Discussion: Many pharmaceuticals or compounds have been tested for animal with cryptosporidiosis and only very few of them have shown a partial protective activity in ruminants when used prophylactically. Halofuginone lactate and paromomycin are commonly recommended as both therapeutic and protective agents. However, the effectiveness of the two therapeutic agents in natural infections has not been compared and, in the meantime, recommendations for a rational use are also not sufficiently documented in calves with cryptosporidiosis. Paromomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to control C. parvum infection in animals. Paromomycin reduces oocyst shedding and the number of days with diarrhea in experimentally infected calves when used prophylactically. Halofuginone lactate is a synthetic quinazolinone with cryptosporidial activity in the merozoite and sporozoite stages of C. parvum. It is recommended for both therapeutic and prophylactic use in cryptosporidiosis. In this study, although paromomycin (100 mg/kg/day for 7 days) and halofuginone lactate (100 µg/kg/day for 7 days) led to a decrease in oocyst shedding from day 1, a statistically significant decrease (P < 0.05) was observed from day 3. The results of this study show that the decrease in oocyst shedding in both treatment groups, improvements in clinical findings and recoveries in hematologic, blood gas and serum biochemistry values are similar. Even though these drugs do not eliminate the infection, they decrease both the severity of diarrhea and contribute to recovery. In conclusion, the results of this study indicated that halofuginone lactate and paromomycin were effective in the treatment of calves naturally infected with cryptosporidiosis. Therefore, we recommend that both drugs should be used in the treatment of calves naturally infected with Cryptosporidium parvum. © 2018 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. All rights reserved.Öğe Development of a novel triplex-PCR assay for the identification of feline hemoplasma species and survey of hemoplasma species in cats in Turkiye(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2025) Altay, Kursat; Coskun, Alparslan; Erol, Ufuk; Sahin, Omer Faruk; Turk, SeferThree hemoplasma species, Mycoplasma haemofelis, Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum, and Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis, have been identified in domestic and wild felids. M. haemofelis may cause severe clinical manifestations in domestic cats, whereas others can lead to mild infections. Identification of these pathogens is done using molecular diagnostic tools like conventional-PCR or real-time PCR. However, these have disadvantages, such as the failure to differentiate species or high cost. This study aimed to develop a triplex-PCR method for the diagnosis and discrimination of feline hemoplasma species. Furthermore, it is aimed at providing molecular data on the epidemiology of feline hemoplasma species in Turkiye, where there is a paucity of information on these pathogens. Triplex-PCR primers amplifying the 16S rRNA gene regions of M. haemofelis (1022 bp), Ca. Mycoplasma haemominutum (607 bp), and Ca. Mycoplasma turicensis (456 bp) species were designed and optimized. Moreover, the detection limits of the method were also determined and it was found that the primers could detect 0.001 ng/mu L amount of DNA for M. haemofelis, 0.0001 ng/mu L for Ca. Mycoplasma haemominutum, and 0.0002 ng/mu L for Ca. Mycoplasma turicensis in the sample. 286 cat blood samples obtained from Sivas province were researched for feline hemoplasma species. Feline hemoplasma species were detected in samples of 29 out of 286 cats (10.23 %). Five samples (1.74 %) were infected with only M. haemofelis, whereas 22 (7.69 %) were only infected with Ca. Mycoplasma haemominutum. Two samples (0.69 %) were found to be infected with both M. haemofelis and Ca. Mycoplasma haemominutum. Ca. Mycoplasma turicensis was not detected in this study. A triplex-PCR method that can be used for the identification and species differentiation of feline hemoplasma species in hosts was developed. Moreover, hemoplasma species were found to be circulating in cats in the study area, and it is recommended that veterinarians and animal owners take the necessary precautions to protect themselves and their cats from these pathogens.Öğe Hematologic, Blood Gas, Cardiac Biomarkers and Serum Biochemical Parameters in Calves with Atresia Coli and Theirs Relationship with Prognosis(UNIV FED RIO GRANDE DO SUL, 2017) Coskun, Alparslan; Aydogdu, Ugur; Altan, Semih; Erol, Muharrem; Erol, Hanifi; Guzelbektes, Hasan; Sen, IsmailBackground: Atresia coli is an intestinal anomaly. Generally, absence of defecation in calves less than 10 days old, diminishing appetite, progressing abdominal distention and time-developing depression are reported in atresia coli. Although a calf consumes its milk normally in first days, loss of appetite develops over time. Occasional minor pain indications are observed. The objective of this study was to evaluate of hematologic, blood gases, cardiac biomarkers and serum biochemical parameters before operation in calves with atresia coli, and to investigate relationship with prognosis of these parameters. Materials, Methods & Results: Thirty calves with atresia coli and 6 healthy calves for control were used as material. Poor suction reflex, anorexia, dehydration, abdomen-kicking, frequent leg movement, abdominal distension and depression were observed in calves brought to the clinic. Some calves presented swashing sound depending on content of intestines when abdomen was shaken. Intestine atresia was diagnosed by history and clinical examination. After clinical examination, operation was performed. All calves were observed during 10 days after operation. Fifteen of 30 calves died during 10 days after operation. The blood lactate, WBC, LDH and CK-MB levels in non-surviving calves with atresia coli were significantly higher compared to control calves. The venous blood pH level was significantly lower in non-surviving calves compared to surviving calves. In addition, when compared to the control group, the blood pCO(2) level was significantly higher in non-surviving and surviving calves with atresia coli while the pO(2) and O-2 saturation levels were significantly lower. Discussion: In calves with intestinal atresia, hematologic parameters are normal in first 48 h of disease. However, leukocytosis and shift to the left have been reported over time. However, leukocytosis due to peritonitis, bacterial overgrowth, etc. have been reported over time. It was seen that leukocyte numbers of non-surviving calves with atresia coli in this study were significantly higher, but leucocyte increase in surviving calves was seen to be statistically insignificant. Leukocyte increased in non-surviving calves with atresia may be associated with excessive bacterial reproduction and peritonitis. Blood lactate level is a commonly used marker for severity of disease in humans and lactate has a prognostic value in adult horses with colic and foals with critical disease. In this study, lactate level in non-surviving calves with atresia coli was significantly higher with respect to surviving calves and control calves. In this result, lactate can be evaluated as a prognostic indicator in calves with atresia coli. Creatine kinase-MB fraction and troponins are used in determination of cardiac damage in veterinary medicine. The fact that serum blood cTnI and CK-MB levels of non-surviving calves with intestinal atresia in this study were higher than surviving calves with atresia coli and control calves suggested that endotoxemia related cardiac damage may have developed. Surgical operation is necessary in the treatment of intestinal atresia. It was determined that the importance of calves age and colon integrity during time of surgical operation in survival of calves with atresia coli. The studies showed that survival rate in surgical operation conducted on calves under 3 days old was higher than calves over 5 day-old. Average of age of non-surviving calves with atresia coli in this study (4.67 +/- 1.23 days) was higher than average of age of surviving calves with atresia coli (3.27 +/- 0.51 days). It was also observed in our study that elapsed time affected prognosis of calves negatively. Thus, performing surgical operations as soon as possible may raise survival rate of calves with intestinal atresia as stated in previous studies.Öğe Koyunlarda Enrofloksasinin Farklı Dozlarda Tekrarlı Uygulamasının Hematolojik ve Biyokimyasal Parametrelere Etkisi(2021) Güngör, Hüseyin; Kumru, Alper Serhat; Yılmaz, Gökhan; Coskun, AlparslanAmaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı sağlıklı koyunlarda enrofloksasinin farklı dozlardaki (2.5-5 mg/kg) tekrarlayan (günde bir defa, 5 gün) damar içi uygulamasının hematolojik ve biyokimyasal parametrelere etkisini belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmada Akkaraman ırkı 12 adet dişi koyun kullanıldı. Hayvanlar her grupta 6 adet olacak şekilde iki gruba ayrıldı. Enrofloksasin gruplardan birisine 2.5 mg/kg dozda diğerine ise 5 mg/kg dozda damar içi (v. jugularis) yolla günde bir defa 5 gün boyunca uygulandı. Kan örnekleri 0. (Kontrol) ve 120. saatlerde alındı. Hematolojik parametreler (WBC, RBC, HGB, HCT ve PLT) kan hücre sayım cihazında ve biyokimyasal parametreler (AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, kolesterol, trigliserid, albümin, kan üre nitrojen, kreatinin ve total protein) otoanalizör cihazında ölçüldü. Bulgular: Deney grupları arasında hematolojik ve biyokimyasal parametrelerde önemli bir farklılık belirlenemedi. Sonuç: Koyunlarda 2.5 mg/kg ve 5 mg/kg dozlarda damar içi yolla enrofloksasinin tekrarlayan uygulamalarının hematolojik ve biyokimyasal parametrelerde olumsuz bir etkiye yol açmadığı kanaatine varılmıştır.Öğe Molecular analysis of goose parvovirus field strains from a Derzsy's disease outbreak reveals local European-associated variants(Springer Wien, 2021) Isidan, Hakan; Turan, Turhan; Atasoy, Mustafa Ozan; Coskun, AlparslanSince its first recognition in the early 1960s, Derzsy's disease has caused significant economic losses in the goose meat industry through the world. Today, Derzsy's disease still maintains its importance for small-scale waterfowl farming, despite not having a significant impact on public health. In the present study, we investigated the distribution of goose parvovirus (GPV) and its potential variants from a 2019 outbreak in Turkey. Tissue samples were obtained from infected eggs and goslings that were raised in distinct farming areas of the various provinces. For this purpose, a novel primer set for amplification of a 630-bp region of VP3 was designed to confirm GPV infection by conventional PCR method. A 4709-base nucleotide sequence including the structural, non-structural, and 5' inverted terminal repeat regions was obtained from three samples from the Central Anatolian region. Multiple sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the field strains clustered with European group 2 and contained a series of unique amino acid substitutions that might affect the virulence of the virus. These results confirmed that European-related field strains caused the outbreak in Asia Minor, and this might assist in understanding the circulation of GPV in Asia and Europe.Öğe NMR-based metabolomic evaluation in dairy cows with displaced abomasum(SCIENTIFIC TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY-TUBITAK, 2014) Basoglu, Abdullah; Baspinar, Nuri; Coskun, AlparslanThis study is the first to evaluate nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) -based metabolomics in cows with displaced abomasum (DA), which is an internationally recognized problem in dairy cows. Some biochemical parameters have been used for monitoring DA. However, to date, few data have been available on the blood metabolomic profile of dairy cows. Forty Holstein multiparous cows with DA (30 left, 10 right) and 10 clinically healthy Holstein multiparous cows were the subjects of the study. All the animals had similar dry matter intake. An NMR-based metabolomics approach and hematological and biochemical analyses were performed. Some changes in biochemical parameters were observed between the groups. Among the cows with left displaced abomasum (LDA), 10 were associated with concomitant ketosis. Disease periods between the 2 DA groups were different. The metabolites identified and quantified by NMR analysis were valine, 3 beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), alanine, glutamine, glutamate, and succinate. The last of these was significantly decreased in cows with right displaced abomasum (RDA). Glutamine, glutamate, and 3 BHB levels were significantly different between DA groups. There was a positive correlation between BHB and valine, glutamine, and glutamate in the LDA group. Overall, this work suggests that the additional information obtained by NMR-based metabolomics evaluation may contribute to assessing the metabolic status of cows with DA.Öğe Pharmacokinetics of meloxicam following intravenous administration at different doses in sheep(Wiley, 2024) Gungor, Huseyin; Corum, Orhan; Corum, Duygu Durna; Kumru, Alper Serhat; Yilmaz, Gokhan; Coskun, Devran; Coskun, AlparslanThe aim of this study is to determine the pharmacokinetic change after intravenous administration of meloxicam at doses of 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/kg to sheep. The study was carried out on six Akkaraman sheep. Meloxicam was administered intravenously to each sheep at 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg doses in a longitudinal pharmacokinetic design with a 15-day washout period. Plasma concentrations of meloxicam were determined using the high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet, and pharmacokinetic parameters were evaluated by non-compartmental analysis. Meloxicam was detected up to 48 h in the 0.5 mg/kg dose and up to 96 h in the 1 and 2 mg/kg doses. As the dose increased from 0.5 to 2 mg/kg, terminal elimination half-life, and dose normalized area under the concentration versus time curve increased and total clearance decreased. Compared to the 1 mg/kg dose, it was determined that V(dss )decreased and C-0.083h increased in the 2 mg/kg dose. Meloxicam provided the therapeutic concentration of >0.39 mu g/mL reported in other species for 12, 48 and 96 h at 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/kg doses, respectively. These results show that meloxicam exhibits non-linear pharmacokinetics and will achieve unpredictable plasma concentrations when administered IV for a rapid effect at dose of >= 1 mg/kg in sheep.Öğe Pulse wave Doppler ultrasound of umbilical cord in experimentally induced pregnancy toxemia in sheep(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2023) Kivrak, Mehmet Bugra; Turk, Sefer; Takci, Abdurrahman; Bolukbas, Bora; Agaoglu, Recep Taha; Coskun, AlparslanContrary to its widespread use in human cases, the use of Doppler ultrasonography is only recently becoming prevalent in farm animals. This study aimed to determine the effects of maternal metabolic and clinical changes on fetal hemodynamics during pregnancy toxemia with the doppler examination of umbilical cord. In the study twenty ewes with a single healthy fetus were included in the study. At the end of the 120th day of pregnancy, 20 single-bearing pregnant ewes were randomly categorized into two groups. Ewes in the control group were fed to meet all nutritional requirements. On the other contrary, the experimental ewes were fed to meet equivalent to 50 % of the daily needs and then fasted for 96 h. Doppler ultrasonographic examinations of umbilical cord were performed once every two days and once a day during fasting. Beta hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) concentration was measured by taking blood from sheep on examination days. Pulse systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), PSV/EDV, pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), and fetal heart rate (FHR) as well as BHBA values and how those parameters has changed over time (time by treatment effect) due to energy deprivation during pregnancy were evaluated using repeated measure analysis of variance. No clinical signs were observed in both toxemia and control groups during restricted feeding. BHBA concentration increased and there was a significant time, time by treatment and main effect of treatment effect between groups. No significant main effect of treatment and time by treatment interaction was observed in the changes of PI, RI, FHR, and systolic/diastolic velocity values over time in both groups. FHR was reduced over time, and there was a significant time effect in FHR in both groups. Although doppler indices didn't increase, both PSV and EDV values increased significantly in the pregnancy toxemia group compared with the controls (Time P = 0.03, time by treatment interaction P < 0.05) and the main effect of treatment P < 0.05). The marked increase in blood velocities (PSV and EDV) in the umbilical cord is probably due to the compensatory functioning for excessive energy deprivation of the fetus. Therefore, PSV and EDV might be a valuable indicator for evaluating the fetus's health status during the management of the PT.Öğe The relationship of copper concentrations in feed and plasma to developmental orthopedic disease in foals(UNIV ZAGREB VET FACULTY, 2016) Coskun, Alparslan; Ozdemir, Ozgur; Erol, Muharrem; Kirbiyik, HayrettinThe study group consisted of ten foals, 3-6 months old, 6 male and 4 female, KWPN breed, with developmental orthopedic disease (DOD). The control group consisted of eight healthy foals. On clinical examination, lameness, swelling of joints, and pain were observed in all foals. Clinical, radiographic, and pathological findings in ten foals indicated DOD. Serum Cu concentrations in foals with DOD were significantly lower than in the control group (0.094 +/- 0.011 mg/kg vs, 0.932 +/- 0.068 mg/kg, respectively; P<0.05). Serum Zn levels (1.828 +/- 0.180 mg/kg vs. 0.9257 +/- 0.052 mg/kg, respectively, P>0.05), serum Ca levels (187.836 +/- 7.921 mu g/dL vs. 150.912 +/- 5.271 mu g/dL, respectively, P>0.05), and serum P levels (247.339 +/- 10.729 mu g/dL vs. 190.470 +/- 5.775 mu g/dL, respectively, P>0.05) were observed both in foals with DOD and in healthy foals. There were no statistically significant differences between the DOD group and the control group with respect to serum levels of Ca, P and Zn. We concluded that DOD is associated with reduced serum levels of Cu in foals. Copper is an important trace element for growing foals.Öğe The determination of treatment effect of chitosan oligosaccharide in lambs with experimentally cryptosporidiosis(Elsevier, 2019) Aydogdu, Ugur; Coskun, Alparslan; Atas, Ahmet Duran; Basbug, Onur; Agaoglu, Zahid TevfikIn this study, it was aimed to investigate the efficacy of chitosan oligosaccharide administrations in different doses of experimental infected lambs with Cryptosporidium parvum. 32 male lambs were used in the study and the lambs were divided into 4 groups with 8 lambs in each group. Groups 1, 2 and 3, twice a day, were administered chitosan oligosaccharide at a dose of 100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg for 7 days, respectively, with milk replacer. In group 4, lambs with cryptosporidiosis were subjected to normal feeding as control without drug administration. Clinical examinations of lambs were made before treatment (day 0) and on days 1, 3, 5 and 7 after treatment and 5 ml of blood was collected from vena jugularis for blood analysis of all lambs. Weight changes of lambs were recorded at 0, 7, 14, and 21 days. Stool specimens were collected pre-treatment (day 0) and on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 21 post-treatment to determine oocyst excretion of lambs with cryptosporidiosis. Lambs with a mean oocyte counts > 10 after stool examination were included to the treatment. Changes in clinical hematology, blood gases and biochemical parameters were observed during the course of treatment, but these changes were limited. Weight loss was observed at 7th day according to 0th day the lambs with experimental cryptosporidiosis but gradually weight increase was observed at 14th and 21st days and these changes were similar in all groups. Oocyst excretion decreased in all groups during treatment. According to 0th day, there was a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in oocyte excretions in the third day in group 1 and 2, and in day 5 in the group 3 and 4. Significant changes (p < 0.05) were observed in oocyst excretions on the third and fifth days among the groups. As a result, in lambs with experimental cryptosporidiosis, chitosan oligosaccharide improved in clinical signs and stool character shorter than the positive control group and the administration of chitosan oligosaccharide at doses of 100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg for 7 days significantly reduced oocyst excretion but not enough to remove cryptosporidiosis completely.Öğe The Levels of Trace Elements and Macrominerals in Calves with Sepsis(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2020) Coskun, Alparslan; Aydogdu, Ugur; Guzelbektes, Hasan; Sen, IsmailThe aim of this study was to determine the levels of macrominerals and trace elements in the blood of newborn calves with sepsis.The study was carried out on a total of 30 calves, aged 2-35 days old, of which 25 with sepsis and 5 healthy. In clinical examination, prolonged capillary refill time and tachypnea were observed in calves with sepsis. The levels of Cu, K, P and Sin calves with sepsis were higher compared to the control group, and the levels of Na, total and ionized Ca, Fe and Zn were also lower compared to the control group. In conclusion, in this study, significant increase in K and Cu concentrations and significant decrease in Na and Ca concentrations were found in calves with sepsis. According to the results, K, Cu, Na and Ca may have important roles in the pathophysiology of sepsis.Öğe The relationship between the severity of azotemia and blood gases in 101 calves with neonatal diarrhea(Univ Zagreb Vet Faculty, 2023) Aydogdu, Ugur; Coskun, Alparslan; Basbug, Onur; Turk, Sefer; Agaoglu, Zahid T.The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the severity of azotemia and blood gas parameters in 101 neonatal calves with diarrhea. The calves were divided into 3 groups on the basis of their creatinine levels. The 3 groups were defined as: the non-azotemia group (<2.00 mg/dL), the mild-moderate azotemia group (2.015.00 mg/dL), and the severe azotemia group (>5.01 mg/dL). Azotemia was not detected in 35 of the 101 calves with diarrhea, mild-moderate azotemia was identified in 34, and severe azotemia in 32. Blood pH was significantly lower in the severe azotemia group compared to the non-azotemia and mild-moderate azotemia groups, while K and lactate levels were significantly higher. Although the HCO3- and BE values of the severe azotemia group were lower than the other groups, a statistical difference was only found with the mild-moderate azotemia group. Ionized calcium (iCa(+2)) level was also lower in the severe azotemia group compared to the other groups, but the difference was only significant with the non-azotemia group. In conclusion, it was observed that azotemia is a common occurrence in neonatal calves with diarrhea, and there is a significant relationship between the severity of azotemia and blood gases. Therefore, it may be concluded that it would be beneficial to monitor renal functions during the treatment of calves with neonatal diarrhea.Öğe Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha, Haptoglobin, Serum Amyloid A and Neopterin Levels in Cattle with Lumpy Skin Disease(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2016) Basbug, Onur; Agaoglu, Zahid T.; Tuzcu, Nevin; Coskun, Alparslan; Aydogdu, Ugur; Yigin, AkinLumpy skin disease (LSD) is a viral disease of cattle, characterised by the formation of nodules in different parts of the body. In this study, it was conducted to assess the pattern of changes of albumin, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA) and neopterin levels in cattle with LSD, to assess the clinical course of the disease, and to the demonstration of inflammatory process in cattle with LSD. This study was carried out in 30 cattle, including 20 animals naturally infected with LSD and 10 healthy animals. It was determined that, in the cattle infected with LSD, while albumin concentrations had significantly decreased (P=0.004) in comparison to the control group, Hp (P<0.001), SAA (P<0.001) and neopterin (P<0.001) concentrations had significantly increased. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of Hp, SAA and neopterin. The cut-off values of the healthy and infected cattle for Hp, SAA and neopterin were determined to be 0.196 mg/mL, 41.38 mu g/mL and 23.93 nmol/mL, respectively. At these cut-off values, high levels of sensitivity (85% for Hp, 95% for SAA and 70% for neopterin) and specificity (90%) were detected. It was determined that SAA levels were of higher sensitivity and specificity compared to Hp and neopterin levels with respect to the demonstration of inflammation associated with LSD. Furthermore, the clinical picture of the disease was found to be significantly correlated with the Hp, SAA and neopterin levels.
