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Öğe A Scale Development Study: Gynecologic Cancer Prevention Information Scale(Marmara Univ, Inst Health Sciences, 2021) Bekar, Mine; Demirel, Gulbahtiyar; Evcili, Funda; Doganer, AdemObjective: The aim of this study is to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool to determine the knowledge level of women about gynecologic cancer prevention. Methods: This study is of the methodological research type. The number of draft scale items in this study is 50. Women were taken to sample 10 times for each item (500 women) and pre-test was applied to 125 women which was 25% of the sample. The scale was re-applied to the first pre-test group after 3 weeks by test-retest method. The data were collected by using the Personal Information Form and Gynecologic Cancer Prevention Information Scale. The suitability of the data for factor analysis was investigated by the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin coefficient and by Barlett's test of sphericity. In order to test the construct validity of the scale, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed. Results: Content validity index of the draft scale was 94%. Kaiser Meyer Olkin test value was 0.902 and the sample was found to be adequate and appropriate. On the other hand, the Bartlett test was obtained as chi(2)=9542.07 p<0.001 and it was accepted that the scale fulfilled the requirements for exploratory factor analysis. The scale took its final form and consisted of 35 items and 5 sub-dimensions as a result of the exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Total percentage of variance explained of 5 factors was 66.53%. That the cronbach alpha coefficients of the scale have high coefficients of 0.82-0.95 and that the test-retest values have coefficients of 0.566-0.881 and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.951. Conclusion: The data obtained from this study reveal that scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool to determine the knowledge level of women about gynecologic cancer prevention.Öğe Anxiety levels and methods of coping with stress of adolescents undergoing their first gynecological examination(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2020) Demirel, Gulbahtiyar; Pinar, Sukran Ertekin; Bilgic, DilekObjective: The present study was conducted to assess the anxiety levels and the methods of coping with the stress of adolescents who underwent their first gynecological examination.Methods: The sample of this descriptive study consisted of 223 married or single adolescent women who went to a state hospital in Sivas Province in Turkey for their first gynecological examination. The data were collected by face-to-face interviews with the Personal Information Form, the State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) and the Ways of Coping Inventory (WCI).Results: There was a statistically significant negative correlation between the SAI scores, and the self-confident approach (r=-0.305; p=0.001) and optimistic approach (r=-0.170; p=0.011) of the WCI subscales. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between SAI scores, and the desperate approach (r=0.153; p=0.022) and submissive approach (r=0.143; p=0.032).Conclusion: Adolescent women who underwent their first gynecological examination have moderate levels of anxiety and their coping with stress styles are ineffective. As anxiety levels increase, they use more ineffective methods.Öğe Associations Between COVID-19 Vaccination Status and Persistent Symptoms: A Prospective Study of Reproductive-Age Women(Wiley, 2025) Caglayan, Ilkin Seda Can; Demirel, Gulbahtiyar; Can, Ceren EdaObjective: The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between prolonged complaints of women who had COVID-19 infection and whose symptoms persisted and their vaccination status against COVID-19. Methods: This prospective observational study consisted of three groups [The Unvaccinated Group (Control Group: 89), the BioNTech Vaccine Group (114 people), and the Sinovac Vaccine Group (84 people)]. In this study, which included 287 women, prolonged COVID-19 symptoms in their spouses were also questioned. Information was obtained from the participants in the form of questions and answers under outpatient clinical conditions 2 months after their recovery. Women between the ages of 18-45 who had regular menstrual periods in the last 6 months before the pandemic, those whose COVID-19 test was negative and those who received a single dose of vaccine in the vaccinated group were included in the study. Results: The rates of loss of taste and prolonged symptoms of high fever in Sinovac-vaccinated participants were lower than in the other groups in the present study (p < 0.05). A total of 40.5% of those who were vaccinated with Sinovac after COVID-19 had a menstrual cycle length of every 28-40 days, which was higher than the percentage of participants in other groups, and 40.5% of those in this group did not have menstrual pain. Additionally, the menstrual period length of 62.3% of the participants who received the BioNTech vaccine increased (p < 0.05). This increase is higher than the participants in the other group. Conclusion: The study indicated that certain prolonged symptoms of COVID-19 infection were less common among participants vaccinated with Sinovac. In this group, the menstrual cycle length increased, while menstrual pain decreased.Öğe Determining the Knowledge of Women and Their Attitudes Regarding Gynecological Cancer Prevention(ASIAN PACIFIC ORGANIZATION CANCER PREVENTION, 2013) Bekar, Mine; Guler, Handan; Evcili, Funda; Demirel, Gulbahtiyar; Duran, OzlemThe current study determines the knowledge of female course attendees of the "Municipality Cultural Center for Women", located in the city center of Sivas, Turkey, and their attitudes regarding gynecological cancer prevention. The participants of the study include 497 women attending one of the two Municipality Cultural Centers situated in the city center of Sivas. In this study, the sample was not selected; all participants were encompassed within the scope of our research. A total of 418 female course attendees who volunteered to participate in the research were identified as the sample. The data were collected during the months March-June 2011, by a questionnaire developed by the researchers. To compare the distribution of the collected data "Anova", "two independent t test examples" and "chi square test" were used. The research indicates that 45.1% of the women had had gynecological examination as a consequence of a physical disorder. The reason for 54.9% of the women to have gynecological examination is to have been scanned to check for gynecological cancer, 51.2% had a pap smear test. Some 34.9% of them had obtained information about cervical cancer, 39.7% via radio, television or internet and 36.3% from a doctor. Age, education level and marital status of the women participating in this study demonstrated statistically significant correlations (p<0.05) with gynecological examination and undergoing a pap smear test.Öğe The effect of body image on sexual quality of life in obese married women(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2019) Yilmaz, Feride Taskin; Kumsar, Azime Karakoc; Demirel, GulbahtiyarIn this descriptive and comparative study, our aim was to determine the effect of body image on sexual quality of life in obese married women. The sample of the study consisted of 583 women over the age of 18 (38.9% normal weight, 28.5% overweight, and 32.6% obese). Data were collected using The Body Image Scale and The Sexual Quality of Life Scale-Women's Form. The body image satisfaction and sexual quality of life levels of obese women were found to be low. Additionally, as the positive body image increased in normal weight, overweight and obese women, sexual quality of life increased.Öğe Effect of perineal massage on the rate of episiotomy and perineal tearing(ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2015) Demirel, Gulbahtiyar; Golbasi, ZehraObjective: To examine the effects of perineal massage during active labor on the frequency of episiotomy and perineal tearing. Methods: A randomized controlled study was conducted at a center in Sivas, Turkey, between January 1, 2010, and May 31, 2011. Healthy pregnant women presenting for their first or second delivery at 37-42 weeks of pregnancy were enrolled during the first stage of labor. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to the massage group (10-minute perineal massage with glycerol four times during the first stage and once during the second stage of labor) or control group (routine care). The frequency of episiotomy and perineal tearing were compared between the groups. Participants and investigators were not masked to group assignment. Results: Both groups contained 142 participants. Episiotomy was performed among 44(31.0%) women in the massage group and 99 (69.7%) in the control group (P = 0.001). Lacerations were recorded among 13 (42%) women in the massage group and 6 (42%) in the control group (P = 0.096). Conclusion: Application of perineal massage during active labor decreased the frequency of episiotomy procedures. (C) 2015 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe The Effect of Urinary Incontinence on Sexual Quality of Life in Women with Chronic Physical Diseases(SPRINGER, 2016) Yilmaz, Feride Taskin; Kumsar, Azime Karakoc; Demirel, Gulbahtiyar; Yesildag, BirnurThis study was conducted in order to determine the effect of the presence of urinary incontinence on sexual quality of life in women diagnosed with chronic physical diseases. The sample of the cross sectional and comparative study consisted of 67.5 % (n = 191) female inpatients with and 32.5 % (n = 92) female inpatients without urinary incontinence complaints being treated for chronic physical diseases in the internal diseases clinic of a public hospital. Data was collected using the patient identification form, the International Incontinence Consultation Questionnaire-Short Form and the Sexual Quality of Life Scale for Women. The average score that women with urinary incontinence took from the sexual quality of life scale (61.50 +/- 19.10) was lower than the average score of women without urinary incontinence (77.19 +/- 18.75) (p < 0.01). There was a negative meaningful relationship between the frequency, amount, and effect of urinary incontinence and sexual quality of life (p < 0.05). The sexual quality of life of women who were 50 years of age and above, who had respiratory system diseases, had a duration of illness between 6 and 10 years, perceived their general health as bad, parity and gave normal birth, were in their menopausal period, and had hysterectomies was significantly lower (p < 0.05). As a result, in women with chronic physical diseases and urinary incontinence, the sexual quality of life is affected in a worse level compared to those who do not have urinary incontinence.Öğe The Effect of Uterine and Nipple Stimulation on Induction With Oxytocin and the Labor Process(WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2015) Demirel, Gulbahtiyar; Guler, HandanAimsThe present research study was conducted with the objective of determining the effect of uterine and nipple stimulation on induction with oxytocin and the birth process. MethodsA randomized controlled experiment was conducted at the maternity ward of a state hospital located in the province of Sivas in Turkey. Three hundred ninety pregnant women who were giving birth via vaginal delivery were randomly assigned to three groups (nipple stimulation, uterine stimulation, control). After the birth, the groups were assessed in terms of the birth duration and synthetic induction with oxytocin. Statistical analyses were performed through the use of SPSS 14.0 software and included analysis of variance, Tukey's test, Dunnett's test, Tamhane's T2 test, and chi-square test. ResultsThe study established statistically significant differences (p < .05) among the groups in terms of the average durations of the first, second and third phases of the action of birth, the status concerning delivery by C-section and the application of labor induction. The phases of birth were shorter for the nipple stimulation group (first phase: 3.8 hours, second phase: 16 minutes, third phase: 5 minutes) and the uterine stimulation group (first phase: 4.0 hours, second phase: 21 minutes, third phase: 6 minutes) when compared to the control group (first phase: 6.8 hours, second phase: 27 minutes, third phase: 6 minutes). In the control group, 89.2% of the pregnant women were subject to labor induction and 8.5% to cesarean section. No women in the nipple stimulation group or uterine stimulation group had a cesarean section. Linking Evidence to ActionNipple and uterine stimulation reduce the frequency of elective labor induction, the rate of relevant complications, and support normal vaginal birth by providing endogenous labor induction. Therefore, these interventions should be considered for pregnant women in labor.Öğe Effectiveness of postpartum sexual health education programme structured according to Levine's conservation model: An interventional study(Wiley, 2020) Evcili, Funda; Demirel, Gulbahtiyar; Bekar, Mine; Guler, HandanAim This study aimed to determine the effects of a postpartum sexual health education programme structured according to Levine's conservation model on postpartum women. Methods The interventional study was completed with 67 postpartum women. The intervention group was given the postpartum sexual health education programme structured according to Levine's conservation model. The control group received routine discharge training. The data were collected using a personal information form, The Index of Female Sexual Function, Arizona Sexual Experience Scale and Golombok-Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction. Results It has been determined that the decrease in sexual arousal and desire is the first among postpartum sexual problems experienced by women. This study demonstrated that sexual function, sexual satisfaction and sexual response were higher in nonbreastfeeding women, women who had sexual intercourse one to three times a week and women who could talk to health care professionals on sexual matters. After the programme, the intervention group had more adequate sexual function, and they developed a strong, easy and satisfactory sexual response than the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion This programme was effective in increasing the sexual functions and satisfaction of the postpartum women. Models provide guidance to nurses for provision of care in a systematic manner.Öğe Effects of lavender scent on patients' anxiety and pain levels during gynecological examination(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2017) Tugut, Nilufer; Demirel, Gulbahtiyar; Baser, Muruvvet; Ata, Elvan E.; Karakus, Savas…Öğe Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental and Sexual Health of Women(2024) Caglayan, Ilkin Seda Can; Can, Ceren Eda; Demirel, GulbahtiyarObjective: This study was conducted to determine the effects on women's mental and sexual health of the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: The research in the case-control involved 315 women, out of which 171 were part of the control group. These women had no history of COVID-19 infection before and were free from any mental or physical health issues. The remaining 144 female participants formed the case group. They had contracted COVID-19 disease at least two months ago and had tested negative. Results: Based on the study data, women who have had COVID-19 show a higher rate of moderate to severe depression (pÖğe Effects of traditional practices in the postpartum period on postpartum depression(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2018) Demirel, Gulbahtiyar; Egri, Gamze; Yesildag, Birnur; Doganer, AdemIn this descriptive study, our aim was to assess the effects of traditional practices on postpartum depression. The participants were 461 Muslim mothers with infants aged between 2 weeks and 12 months, without a history of postpartum depression or other psychiatric problems and capable of communicating fluently. The participants were volunteers and were recruited from family health centers in urban Turkey between January 15 and April 15, 2015. Data were collected in a single face-to-face interview with each participant. Mothers in the research locality frequently have recourse to traditional practices in the postpartum period and the incidence of postpartum depression appears to be lower amongst those who use such practices.Öğe The Place of Green Tea in the Prevention of Osteoporosis in Women(GALENOS YAYINCILIK, 2015) Demirel, Gulbahtiyar; Kumsar, Azime Karakoc; Yilmaz, Feride TaskinOsteoporosis is one of the most important health-related problems in today's world that it is increasing in incidence specifically after menopause in women. Various risk factors including genetic characteristics, Vitamin D deficiency, insufficient calcium intake, sedentary lifestyle and late menarche enable osteoporosis to be contained in terms of its progress and to be treated. The consumption of green tea is one of the non-pharmacological methods utilized in the prevention of osteoporosis in recent years. Studies conducted abroad with relation to this subject identified that the consumption of green tea is effective in the regulation of bone density and the protection of bone health. However, this finding lacks sufficient data at the national scale. The present review will provide healthcare professionals information on the necessity for the consumption of green tea in the prevention of osteoporosis in women.Öğe Prediction of factors affecting cognitive performance in pregnant women using robust regression methods(Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 2021) Doganer, Adem; Tok, Abdullah; Demirel, GulbahtiyarIntroduction: This study compared the outcomes of cognitive function assessments between pregnant and non-pregnant women groups to demonstrate alterations occurring during pregnancy. Furthermore, we aimed to determine the factors acting on cognitive functions in pregnant women. Material and Methods:42 pregnant and 42 non-pregnant women were included in the study. In order to compare cognitive performances, Montreal Cognitive Assessment test was applied to women. Results: The assessed scores of cognitive functioning were significantly different between pregnant and non-pregnant women (p <0.001). The test value was obtained as 22.29±4.57 with pregnants and as 26.02±2.19 with non-pregnant womens. The cognitive measurements yielded lower scores in the pregnant women. A negative correlation was found between the progesterone hormone levels and cognitive scores (p = 0.025). Progesterone hormone, TSH hormone and age of the pregnant were found to be important among the factors affecting the cognitive performances in pregnants (p=0.04; p=0.001; p=0.033, respectively). Conclusion:Significant reductions in cognitive functions are observed in women during pregnancy. During pregnancy, in order to increase the cognitive level of women, hormonal values of pregnant women should be followed. © 2020 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Published by Tehran University of Medical Sciences.Öğe Preferences of participating in diabetes screening programs for postpartum women with gestational diabetes mellitus in a university hospital in Turkey(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2022) Kumsar, Azime Karakoc; Yilmaz, Feride Taskin; Demirel, GulbahtiyarPurpose The aim of this study is to determine the preferences to participate in diabetes screening program of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in postpartum period. Design/methodology/approach The data of retrospective and descriptive study were collected using Individual Identification Form and Information Form for the Screening of Diabetes in the Postpartum Period from 151 women in referred to obstetrics and gynecology clinic of a university hospital in Turkey. Findings Only 21.9% of women had diabetes screening in postpartum period and 21.2% of the participants were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. It was determined that the participants mostly participated in screening because of the diabetes history in their family (30.3%). Women who had diabetes screening in postpartum period had lower level of education than those who did not and their level of knowledge about the screening in postpartum and the history of abortion were higher (p < 0.01). Originality/value The rate of participation in the screening for diabetes in the postpartum period is very low in pregnant women diagnosed with GDM. It was determined that the educational status, history of previous abortion and knowledge level of the women were factors that prevented participation in diabetes screening. This research is original because there are inadequacy of studies examining determining the participation status of pregnant women with GDM to diabetes screening in the literature. This study will contribute to health professionals in order to improve preventive factors and increase the participation of pregnant women with GDM in diabetes screening in the postpartum period.Öğe The Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence among Women with Chronic Physical Diseases and their Coping Behaviours: A Turkish Case Study(KUWAIT MEDICAL ASSOC, 2018) Demirel, Gulbahtiyar; Yilmaz, Feride Taskin; Kumsar, Azime KarakocObjective: The study was conducted with the aim of identifying the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) among women with chronic physical diseases and the coping behaviours of women suffering from UI in Turkey. Design: A cross-sectional and comparative study Setting: The study was conducted at the general internal medicine, endocrinology, cardiology, neurology, and pulmonology clinics of the Cumhuriyet University Research and Implement Hospital, Turkey. Subjects: Two hundred and fifty-seven female inpatients Main Outcome Measure: The relevant data were collected through the use of a patient diagnosis form, the International Incontinence Consultation Questionnaire - Short Form, and the coping behaviours identification form. Results: The rates of the women who experienced UI at least once a week was 78.9%. Only 54.6% of women with UI applied at a healthcare institution for UI-related complaints. The most common coping behaviours observed among the women with UI include working around the condition by using a pad or rag (77.3%), keeping feet warm (62.6%), and changing underwear (59.6%). Conclusion: Turkish women with chronic physical diseases were identified to suffer more frequently from urinary incontinence than women in other cultures. As a finding similar to other cultures, Turkish women were observed to employ such personal behaviours as using pads or rags, keeping feet warm, and changing underwear to cope with UI. Health professionals should check for and treat UI in addition to chronic disease management.Öğe Psychosocial Health Levels and Substance Use Frequency of Intern Students Studying Health Sciences in Turkey(Turkish Green Crescent Soc, 2020) Demirel, Gulbahtiyar; Yilmaz, Feride Taskin; Simsek, Gamze NurThis study was conducted to determine the psychosocial health levels, substance use frequency, and factors affecting the students in the faculty of health sciences. A total of 681 senior year students studying in the faculty of health sciences in Sivas Cumhuriyet University between March 20 and April 15, 2018 were included in this descriptive and cross-sectional study, which constituted 86.4% of the students at the university. Data were collected using student identification form, depression anxiety stress scale, and substance use information form. Student t, Mann-Whitney U, Chi-squared, and Kruskal-Wallis tests, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation analysis were used for statistical evaluation. It was determined that 16.9% of the students used substances such as cigarettes, alcohol, narcotic drugs, and heroin/hashish during internship. The depression and stress levels were found to be normal, and the anxiety levels were mild according to the students' depression, anxiety and stress scale mean scores; 14.2% of the students had severe depression, 20.9% had severe anxiety, and 9.4% had severe stress. Depression, anxiety, and stress levels of students who used substances were found to be higher. The students preferred smoking, alcohol, and substance use as a coping method due to the psychosocial problems.Öğe Sexual experiences and quality of life in Turkish women using methods of contraception(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, not defined) Pinar, Sukran Ertekin; Demirel, Gulbahtiyar; Yildirim, Gulay; Daglar, GulserenThe aim of this study was to examine the sexual experiences and quality of life in women using methods of contraception. The sample of this descriptive study consisted of 259 women. The data were collected by the Personal Information Form, the Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASES) and the World Health Organisation Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF). It was found that 35.1% of the women use condoms, 30.1% of them use the Intrauterine Device (IUD), 22.0% had problems using the method and 39% had the side effects while using the method. There was a statistically significant difference between the state of having problems using the methods and quality of life average scores and between the state of having side effects and sexual life and quality of life average scores (p < .05).Impact statement What is already known on this subject? Sexual problems are common health problems among women and can lead to loss of self-esteem in women, depression and emotional stress. What do the results of this study add? Women who experience problems using a contraception method have a lower quality of life. Sexual dysfunctions were higher among those who experienced side effects of the methods, quality of life scores were lower.Öğe The Effect of Episiotomy Repair Simulation on the Anxiety and Self-Efficacy levels of Midwifery Students(Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 2020) Demirel, Gulbahtiyar; Evcili, Funda; Kaya, Nurdan; Doganer, AdemBackground & aim: The prevalence of episiotomy varies significantly between countries (9%-100%). During simulation-based training, the use of materials which are considerably similar to human tissues is critical for the long-term success of training while performing episiotomy on laboring women. This study was performed to determine the effects of episiotomy repair simulation on the anxiety and self-efficacy levels of midwifery students. Methods: This one-group, quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design was conducted at the Midwifery Department of a State University in Turkey between March and April 2017. The participants included 73 junior students, who trained during March-April 2017 on the beef tongue model for episiotomy repair, following participation in a lecture in the classroom environment which included theoretical information about episiotomy. The data were collected using a student demographic questionnaire, the state anxiety inventory and the general selfefficacy scale. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS software (version 22.0) through McNemar's and Wilcoxon test. Results: There was a significant difference before and after the simulation process regarding the state anxiety scores (39 vs 43, P<0.000). Moreover, a significant difference was observed before and after the simulation in terms of the general self-efficacy scores (76 vs 67, P<0.000). In other words, the students' anxiety levels decreased followed by increasing levels of self-efficacy after simulation (P<0.05). Conclusion: A beef tongue episiotomy repair simulation training and application reduced the anxiety and increased the self-efficacy levels of the students. In light of these results, it is recommended to include the beef tongue episiotomy repair simulation into the pre-clinical practice in the midwifery curriculum. © 2019 Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.Öğe The Prenatal Rating of Efficacy in Preparation to Breastfeed Scale (PREP to BF): A Turkish Validity and Reliability Study(Marmara Univ, Inst Health Sciences, 2020) Evcili, Funda; Demirel, GulbahtiyarObjective: Breastfeeding self-efficacy is an easy-to-evaluate and easy-to-change variable. The prenatal period is an ideal period of time for women to gain breastfeeding self-efficacy. Valid and reliable measurement tools are needed to assess breastfeeding self-efficacy. The purpose of this study is to examine psychometric analysis of the Turkish form of the Prenatal Rating of Efficacy in Preparation to Breastfeed Scale. Methods: This is a methodological study. The study was conducted at the obstetrics outpatient clinic of a state hospital in Turkey. The study was administered to 407 pregnant women. The relevant data were collected through the use of a Personal Information Form, The Prenatal Rating of Efficacy in Preparation to Breastfeed Scale. Internal consistency coefficient, split-half reliability and item analysis to assess the reliability of the scale, factor analysis was performed to evaluate the validity of the scale. Results: Cronbach Alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.96. A 5-factor structure with eigenvalues above 1 that explained 71.267% of the variance emerged. The model fitted the observed data in terms of these fit index values, and that the Turkish version of the scale demonstrated an acceptable level of fit. Conclusion: The scale can be employed by healthcare professionals to assess prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy. It can contribute data for the structuring of the content of training and consultancy programs intending to improve breastfeeding self-efficacy.
