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Öğe Effect of silibinin on the hyperlipidemia in rats fed with high cholesterol diet(Cukurova Univ, Fac Medicine, 2021) Duman, Didem; Arpaci, Abdullah; Dirican, Emre; Bozdogan, Server; Bayraktar, Hamdullah SuphiPurpose: Despite current hypolipidemic drugs, the search for a more effective hypolipidemic agent is ongoing. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effect of Silibinin on hyperlipidemia in rats fed high cholesterol diet (HCD). Materials and Methods: Rats were made obese. Rats were given egg yolk for 60 days and then 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg Silibinin were applied i.p. for 7 days. Results: The first and last weights of the rats were significantly different. While total cholesterol (TC), LDL, TG and VLDL levels increased significantly in the groups fed with HCD, HDL level reduced compared to control group (CG). OxLDL and TAS were significantly different between groups. Conclusion: The effects of Silibinin on serum LDL, TC, VLDL, HDL, TG, OxLDL levels and to observe the antioxidant effect, TAS and TOS were investigated in experimental obese rat models. It was concluded that Silibinin plays an effective role in lowering TG and LDL levels, increasing HDL levels and decreasing hepatic lipid accumulation in HCD rats at 100 mg/kg dose. The use of Silibinin does not cause antihyperlipidemic effect but has antioxidant effect.Öğe Hydrophilic vs. amphiphilic anionic Zn(II) phthalocyanines for photodynamic therapy(Elsevier, 2025) Al-Hamdan, Nouf S.; Makhseed, Ethar S.; Husain, Ali; Bagda, Efkan; Bagda, Esra; Duman, Didem; Ayhan, EbubekirTwo sets of water-soluble zinc (II) phthalocyanines (Zn[II]Pcs) were synthesized and examined for use as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy. These Zn(II)Pcs contained numerous negatively charged electronwithdrawing carboxylic acid substituents in a rigid arrangement at peripheral positions, subsequently converted into sodium salts. Additionally, the impact of the number and distribution of charged groups on the planar hydrophobic core was examined to assess their influence on the photophysical properties and self-aggregation behavior of the Pcs in an aqueous media. The photophysical findings indicate that the amphiphilic macrocycles (2A, 3A, and 4A) produce more singlet oxygen than the hydrophilic ones (2H, 3H, and 4H) in DMF. The photodynamic activity of sodium salts of Zn(II)Pcs bearing anionic substituents (compounds 4A and 4H) was evaluated in vitro against oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC-9) and mouse fibroblast (L-929) cell lines to help elucidate the cell death mechanism. The results confirmed that 4A exhibits high selectivity and efficiency in causing phototoxicity, with an IC50 value of around 3.8 mu M. This work provides new insights into the advanced development of dual-directional ZnPc-based photodynamic therapy agents for treating oral squamous cell cancer.Öğe Investigation of Interaction of Bismarck Brown Y- Palladium Complex with AS1411 G-quadruplex Aptamer(2022) Bağda, Esra; Durak, Rümeysa; Bağda, Efkan; Duman, Didem; Ayhan, EbubekirIncreased metabolic activity and metastasis are the main and most known characteristics of cancer cells. Increased activity of the cells results in an increase in the transcription, translation, and replication rate of DNA, hence the probability of the formation of G-quadruplex structures increases. The stabilization or destabilization of G-quadruplex with various ligands may cause disruptions in cell proliferation. So, stabilization or destabilization of these secondary structures is important cancer therapy approach. In the present study, Bismarck brown Y-Pd complex was formed in an easy, one-step mixing method. The spectral characteristics and stoichiometry of the BBY-Pd2 were investigated UV-Vis spectrophotometrically. The interaction of the BBY-Pd2 complex with the AS1411 G-quadruplex structure was investigated with spectrophotometric titration. The binding constants were found as 4.38 (± 1.96) × 104 M-1. The effect of the complex on the G-quadruplex conformation of AS1411 was investigated by using circular dichroism (CD) spectrophotometer. The existence of interactions was further supported by DNA polymerase stop assay using a high-sensitivity LED-induced fluorescence detector Qsep100 capillary gel electrophoresis system.Öğe Investigation of Interaction of Bismarck Brown Y- Palladium Complex with AS1411 G-quadruplex Aptamer(Miraç OCAK, 2022) Bağda, Esra; Durak, Rümeysa; Bağda, Efkan; Duman, Didem; Ayhan, EbubekirArtan metabolik aktivite ve metastaz, kanser hücrelerinin ana ve en bilinen özellikleridir. Hücrelerin artan aktivitesi, G-dörtlü yapıların oluşumunda artışa neden olur. G-quadruplex'in çeşitli ligandlarla stabilizasyonu veya destabilizasyonu, hücre proliferasyonunda bozulmalara neden olabilir. Dolayısıyla, bu ikincil yapının stabilizasyonu veya destabilizasyonu önemli antikanser ilaç hedefleridir. Bu çalışmada, Bismarck kahverengi Y-Pd kompleksi, kolay, tek aşamalı bir karıştırma yöntemiyle oluşturulmuştur. Kompleksin spektral özellikleri ve stokiyometrisi, Uv-vis spektrofotometrik olarak araştırıldı. 1:2, Bismarck Brown Y-Pd kompleksinin AS1411 G-dörtlü yapı ile etkileşimi spektrofotometrik titrasyon ile araştırıldı. Bağlanma sabitleri hesaplandı ve 4.38 (±1.96) x104 M-1 olarak bulundu. Kompleksin G-dörtlü konformasyon üzerindeki etkisi CD spektroskopisi ile araştırıldı. Etkileşimlerin varlığı, yüksek hassasiyetli LED kaynaklı floresan dedektör Qsep100 kapiler jel elektroforez sistemi kullanılarak DNA polimeraz durdurma testi ile desteklenmiştir.