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Öğe Angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibition by sacubitril/valsartan attenuates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in a pretreatment mice model by interfering with oxidative stress, inflammation, and Caspase 3 apoptotic pathway(2021) Dindaş, Ferhat; Güngör, Hüseyin; Ekici, Mehmet; Akokay, Pınar; Erhan, Füsun; Dogdus, Mustafa; Yılmaz, Mehmet BirhanObjective: Doxorubicin (DOX) is a well-known cardiotoxic agent, whereas sacubitril/valsartan (Sac/Val) is an effective treatment option in heart failure. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of Sac/Val on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in pretreatment mice model. Methods: A total of 24 mice were equally classified into 4 groups; control group, DOX (20 mg/kg; fifth day), Sac/Val (80 mg/kg), and Sac/Val+DOX (Sac/Val was given from day one of the study before doxorubicin administration). Electrocardiography parameters, including durations of QRS, ST, QT, PP segment, and QT/PQ index were measured. Total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?), interleukin 1? (IL-1?), IL-6, NT-proBNP concentrations, and Caspase 3 activity were evaluated. Results: At the end of the 9-day study duration, QRS, ST, QT intervals, QT/PQ index and TAS, TOS, TNF-?, IL-1?, IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the DOX group than in the control group (p<0.001). Moreover, there were significant differences only in the PP interval when comparing the Sac/Val+DOX and control groups (p<0.001). QRS, ST, QT intervals, and QT/PQ index, TAS, TOS, TNF-?, IL-1?, IL-6 levels were significantly lower in the Sac/Val+ DOX group compared with the DOX group (p<0.001). Furthermore, NT-proBNP levels were lower in the Sac/Val+DOX group compared with the DOX group along with less Caspase 3 apoptosis. Conclusion: Sac/Val seems to be cardioprotective against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in pretreatment mice model. These findings can be attributed to the antiarrhythmic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic effects of Sac/Val as shown in this study.Öğe Beyin-Bağırsak-Mikrobiyota Ekseni: Genel Bakış(Yozgat Bozok University, 2021) Ekici, Mehmet; Ekici, Hacer BaşBağırsak-beyin ekseni, bağırsak sistemi ile merkezi sinir sistemi arasında duygusal ve bilişsel beyin bölgeleri ile periferik bağırsak fonksiyonlarını etkileyen biyokimyasal çift yönlü bir iletişim ağıdır. Bağırsak, mikrobiyota ve beyin arasındaki bu çift yönlü iletişim, endokrin, immün-humoral bağlantılar ve metabolitlerle sağlanır. Bağırsak mikrobiyotası poliaminler, nöropeptid benzeri bileşikler, nörotransmitterler ve nöromodülatör maddeler üretme yeteneğine sahiptir. Öncelikle bu metabolitler ve maddeler mikrobiyota-bağırsak etkileşim alanına yol açar ve beyin-bağırsak-mikrobiyota eksenini oluşturur. Beyin, sağlıklı bir enterik sistem ve sürdürülebilir dengeli bir mikrobiyota popülasyonu düzenleyicisidir. Benzer şekilde, enterik sistem ve mikrobiyota, normal merkezi sinir sistemi işleyişini düzenler ve tüm organizmanın homeokinesisini sürdürmek için merkezi sinir sistemi ile etkileşime girer. Ayrıca araştırmalar bağırsak mikrobiyotasının iltihaplı bağırsak hastalığından kansere ve şizofreniye kadar birçok fizyopatolojik süreçte önemli roller oynadığını da ortaya koymaktadır. Bağırsak mikrobiyotasının basit manipülasyonlarının, birçok karmaşık bağırsak ve merkezi sinir sistemi hastalığı için yeni tedavi yöntemlerine ilişkin bilgiler sağlayabileceği düşünülmektedir. Sonuç olarak; beyin-bağırsak-mikrobiyota ekseninin organizmanın homeokinesisinin sürdürülmesinde çok önemli olduğu ve bu eksendeki bozuklukların bazı hastalıkların oluşmasında kritik rol oynadığı açıktır. Bu derlemede beyin-bağırsak-mikrobiyota arasında iyi bilinen fizyolojik ve fizyopatolojik etkileşimlerin özetlenerek açıklanması amaçlandı.Öğe Comparison of some hematological and serum biochemical variables in Kangal Akkaraman, Texel and Île De France ewes in lactation period within Sivas province(2021) Ekici, Mehmet; Takcı, Abdurrahman; Kıvrak, Mehmet BuğraAim: In this study, it was aimed to compare some hematological and biochemical variables in Kangal Akkaraman, Texel, and Île de France sheep breeds in the lactation period in Sivas province. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 ewe from three breeds (Kangal Akkaraman = 40, Texel = 40, Île de France = 40) who were clinically healthy nonpregnant and lactating (40-60 days) were used in the study. Hematological and biochemical variables analysis were performed using automatic cell counting and autoanalyzer devices. Results: There was no significant difference in WBC, Hb, MCHC, MPV levels between ewe breeds (p>0.05). RBC value was higher in Kangal Akkaraman than others (p<0.05). PCV values were higher in Kangal Akkaraman and Texel than Île de France (p<0.05). MCV and MCH values were lower in Kangal Akkaraman and Île de France compared to Texel (p<0.05). Although the PLT and RDW values were higher in Kangal Akkaraman (p<0.05), the PDW value was lower than others (p<0.05). Serum glucose level was lower in Texel than others (p<0.01). Serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, AST, ALT, albumin/globulin ratio, and Mg levels were not different between ewes (p>0.05). Serum total protein, albumin, globulin, and P levels were higher in Kangal Akkaraman compared to others (p<0.05). However, serum Ca levels were lower in Kangal Akkaraman than others (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results can constitute a reference value in these three sheep breeds reared in Sivas province, and help form a basis for future research.Öğe Effect of dexpanthenol on cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian toxicity: a histological and molecular study in rats(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2024) Ekici, Mehmet; Ates, Mehmet Burak; Bas-Ekicic, Hacer; Ozgur, AykutResearch question: Does dexpanthenol work as an effective therapeutic agent against cyclophosphamide (CYC)-induced premature ovarian failure (POF) in rats? Design: A total of 28 female Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into four groups (n n = 7 per group). The POF and POF plus dexpanthenol groups were intraperitoneally administered CYC at an initial dose of 50 mg/kg, followed by 8 mg/kg for 14 days. The dexpanthenol and POF plus dexpanthenol groups were both intraperitoneally administered dexpanthenol at a dose of 500 mg/kg/day for 15 days. Results: In the group administered CYC, the following was observed: a decrease in the ovarian index; a decrease in the numbers of primordial, primary, secondary and antral follicles; an increase in the number of corpus luteum and atretic follicles; a decrease in proliferation cell nuclear antigen immunoreactivity; a significant fi cant reduction in anti-Mullerian llerian hormone and oestradiol levels; and an increase in serum FSH levels compared with controls. Dexpanthenol, on the other hand, reversed these effects. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses showed that dexpanthenol increased Bcl-2, Akt1, mTOR, Nrf2 and HO-1 in CYC-induced ovarian tissues, but decreased Bax, Cas3, Hsp27, Hsp70, and Hsp90. . Dexpanthenol treatment has a potential for inhibiting the intrinsic apoptotic pathway and oxidative stress levels in ovarian tissues via the downregulation of the mRNA expression of heat shock proteins and the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. Conclusions: Our fi ndings demonstrated that dexpanthenol is an effective agent against POF caused by CYC; however, further experimental and clinical data are needed to use it effectively.Öğe Effect of dexpanthenol on cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian toxicity: a histological and molecular study in rats(Elsevier, 2024/05) Ekici, Mehmet; Ateş, Mehmet Burak; Baş-Ekici, Hacer; Özgür, AykutAbstract Research question: Does dexpanthenol work as an effective therapeutic agent against cyclophosphamide (CYC)-induced premature ovarian failure (POF) in rats? Design: A total of 28 female Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 7 per group). The POF and POF plus dexpanthenol groups were intraperitoneally administered CYC at an initial dose of 50 mg/kg, followed by 8 mg/kg for 14 days. The dexpanthenol and POF plus dexpanthenol groups were both intraperitoneally administered dexpanthenol at a dose of 500 mg/kg/day for 15 days. Results: In the group administered CYC, the following was observed: a decrease in the ovarian index; a decrease in the numbers of primordial, primary, secondary and antral follicles; an increase in the number of corpus luteum and atretic follicles; a decrease in proliferation cell nuclear antigen immunoreactivity; a significant reduction in anti-Müllerian hormone and oestradiol levels; and an increase in serum FSH levels compared with controls. Dexpanthenol, on the other hand, reversed these effects. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses showed that dexpanthenol increased Bcl-2, Akt1, mTOR, Nrf2 and HO-1 in CYC-induced ovarian tissues, but decreased Bax, Cas3, Hsp27, Hsp70, and Hsp90. Dexpanthenol treatment has a potential for inhibiting the intrinsic apoptotic pathway and oxidative stress levels in ovarian tissues via the downregulation of the mRNA expression of heat shock proteins and the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated that dexpanthenol is an effective agent against POF caused by CYC; however, further experimental and clinical data are needed to use it effectively. Keywords: Apoptosis; Cyclophosphamide; Dexpanthenol; POF; Reproductive toxicology.Öğe Effects of dexpanthenol on 5-fluorouraci-induced nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and intestinal mucositis in rats: a clinical, biochemical, and pathological study(Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2025) Tastemur, Seyma; Ekici, Mehmet; Mendil, Ali Sefa; Ozkaraca, Mustafa; Ataseven, HilmiBackground5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a broad-spectrum drug that has a wide range of side effects. Patients may experience severe comorbidities as a result of these toxic side effects, making it impossible for them to continue chemotherapy. Despite the fact that various molecules have been experimented, there is no literature data on the efficacy of dexpanthenol (DXP) for mitigating the toxic effects of 5-FU.ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effects of DXP on nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and intestinal toxicity induced by 5-FU in rats.MethodsTwenty-eight male Wistar-Albino rats aged 16 weeks were randomly assigned to four groups. We created a rat model of intestinal mucositis, nephrotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity through intraperitoneal 5-FU (35 mg/kg for 4 d) injection. 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg of DXP were administered to the treatment groups. The effects of dexpanthenol were evaluated clinically, biochemically, histopathologically, and immunohistochemically (inducible nitric oxide synthase [iNOS], cyclooxygenase-2 [COX-2], 8-hydroxyguanosine [8-OHdG], and nuclear factor kappa B [NF-kappa B]).Results5-FU caused a decrease in body weight and food intake, and an increase in diarrhea scores in rats. 5-FU led to significant disruptions in the hepatic biochemical markers (aspartate transaminase [AST], alanine transaminase [ALT], alkaline phosphatase [ALP], total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and lactate dehydrogenase [LDH]), renal biochemical markers (blood urea nitrogen [BUN], creatinine, and uric acid), and protein and albumin, which are markers of both hepatic and renal functions. Severe pyknosis and mononuclear cell infiltrations were observed in the liver, and mononuclear cell infiltration and tubular degeneration in the kidneys. Jejunum and colon showed villous hyperemia and hemorrhage, respectively, along with mononuclear cell infiltration. Furthermore, 5-FU increased the immunohistochemical expressions of iNOS, COX-2, 8-OHdG, and NF-kappa B in the examined tissues. The administration of DXP at doses of 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg demonstrated significant mitigation of the toxic effects induced by 5-FU on the liver, kidney, jejunum, and colon.ConclusionDXP showed protective effects against nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and intestinal toxicity caused by 5-FU. These findings suggest that DXP may serve as a potential therapeutic agent to alleviate the severe side effects of 5-FU chemotherapy, thereby improving patient tolerance and quality of life. Further clinical studies are warranted to validate these results and explore the translational potential of DXP in human cancer therapy.Öğe Effects of dietary fermented mealworm larvae and stocking density on performance, blood stress indicator and intestine parameters of broilers(2024/10/24) Sarıca, Şenay; Yavuz, Musa; Şanlı, Elif Rabia; Katı, Ahmet; Alataş, Mustafa Selçuk; Ekici, Mehmet; Yazarel, Serkan; Keskintaş, Ahmet TuranThe present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the supplementation of defatted mealworm larvae meal fermented with probiotics as a new antibacterial feed additive to the diet of broilers reared under normal- (NSD) and high- (HSD) stocking density on growth performance, blood and slaughtering parameters, microorganism content and morphology of ileum and short-chain fatty acids content of ceca. A total of four hundred and fifty one-d-old Ross 308 male broiler chicks were randomly distributed into six groups of similar mean weight, each containing five replicates. Experimental treatments consisted of a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement with two levels of stocking density (12 birds/m2 as NSD and 18 birds/m2 as HSD) and three different mash diets: CONT- a corn-soybean meal-based diet containing no fermented defatted mealworm larvae meal (FDM) (0%); FDMLP- the diet obtained by supplementing DM fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum to the CONT diet (0.4%); FDMLB- the diet obtained by supplementing DM fermented with Lactobacillus brevis to the CONT diet (0.4%). HSD significantly decreased the growth performance except feed conversion ratio (FCR), carcass yields (CYs), Lactobacillus spp. content and villus height (VH) and villus surface area (VSA) of ileum and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentrations of ceca, but, increased the blood heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratio and Escherichia coli content and crypt depth (CD) of ileum of broilers compared to NSD. The FDMLP and FDMLB diets significantly improved the FCR and increased final body weight (BW), BW gain, Lactobacillus spp. content and VH and VSA of ileum and SCFAs concentrations of ceca, however, reduced the blood H/L ratio and Escherichia coli content and CD of ileum of broilers when compared to the CONT diet. In conclusion, FDMLP and FDMLB can be utilized as new antibacterial feed additives in broiler diets regardless of stocking density.Öğe Effects of meloxicam and flunixin meglumine on oxidative stress and pregnancy factors in Awassi sheep(Wiley, 2025) Akkus, Tugra; Yaprakci, Omer; Gunal, Ismail; Ekici, Mehmet; Emre, Birten; Korkmaz, Omer; Zonturlu, Abuzer K.Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of administering flunixin meglumine (FM) and meloxicam (M) on specific days post-mating on progesterone (P4), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), pregnancy-specific protein B (PSPB), pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (PAG) concentrations and fertility parameters in Awassi sheep. Methods: Seventy-five Awassi sheep were divided into three groups of 25: control, M and FM. On days 9 and 10 post-mating, the control group received saline, the M group received 0.5 mg/kg M and the FM group received 2.2 mg/kg FM. Blood samples were collected on days 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 17 post-mating. Results: Statistically significant time-dependent differences in P4, TAS, TOS, OSI, PSPB and PAG concentrations were found between the groups (p < 0.001). TAS was highest in the M group and lowest in the control group (p < 0.001). TOS was higher in the control group and lower in the M group (p < 0.001). PSPB and PAG were highest in the control group and lowest in the M group (p < 0.05). Limitation: Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm the findings. Conclusion: FM and M significantly affected oxidative stress parameters and early pregnancy factors but not fertility parameters.Öğe Electrocardiographic Evaluation the Effect of Thiamine Hydrochloride on Triton X-100 Induced Hyperlipidemia in Rats(2024) Ozdemır, Murat Taha; Ekici, MehmetHyperlipidemia, a prevalent condition globally, contributes significantly to cardiovascular diseases. This research focuses on the impacts of thiamine hydrochloride on lipid profiles and ECG changes in rats with Triton X-100- induced hyperlipidemia. Materials and Methods: A total of eighteen male Wistar Albino rats were divided into three groups: control, Triton X-100, and Triton X-100 + Thiamine. To induce hyperlipidemia, Triton X-100 was administered as a single intraperitoneal dose of 100 mg/kg. Thiamine hydrochloride was then given intraperitoneally at a dose of 25 mg/kg daily for 7 days, starting 72 hours after the induction of hyperlipidemia. ECG data were recorded, and serum biochemical parameters were analyzed. Results: Thiamine treatment significantly reduced elevated total cholesterol and triglyceride levels induced by Triton X-100. It also improved the coronary risk index and normalized ECG characteristics include the heart rate and the RR interval. ECG abnormalities, including ST segment elevation and atrial fibrillation, were less frequent in the thiamine-treated group. Conclusion: Thiamine hydrochloride effectively mitigates hyperlipidemia and its associated cardiovascular risks, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent. Further research is needed to explore its clinical applications in managing dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases.Öğe Immunohistochemical expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the brain tissue of sheep naturally infected with Listeria monocytogenes and relationship with cell death in the Listerial encephalitis(Univ Zulia, Facultad Ciencias Veterinarias, 2024) Karayigit, Mehmet Onder; Haligur, Mehmet; Ekici, MehmetListeria monocytogenes is an intracellular, food-borne bacterium. Silage is an important source of this pathogen causing listeriosis. Listeriosis is an important health problem for both animals and humans in the world. The disease comprises three clinical syndromes: meningoencephalitis, septicemia and metritis with abortion. Encephalitis is frequently observed and the factors that play a role in its pathogenesis are the subject of research. In this study, the immunohistochemical expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 together with TUNEL staining was investigated in the pathogenesis of meningoencephalitis in sheep naturally infected with L. monocytogenes. The brains of 25 sheep with Listerial meningoencephalitis were used in this study. Brain material from 10 sheep provided from the slaughterhouse was also used as a control. Tissue sections were stained immunohistochemically with L. monocytogenes, MMP-2 and MMP-9 antibodies. Additionally, TUNEL staining was performed to determine apoptosis in the disease. As a result of the study, it was observed that TUNEL staining in neurons and glial cells, MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions in vascular endothelial cells, inflammatory cells, microglia and especially neurons in the infected brain tissue were significantly increased compared to controls. These results suggested that MMP-2 and MMP-9 play an active role in the neurodegeneration and cell death that occur in Listerial encephalitis.Öğe Immunohistochemical expression of MMP–2 and MMP–9 in the brain tissue of sheep naturally infected with Listeria monocytogenes and relationship with cell death in the Listerial encephalitis(2024/10/24) Karayiğit, Mehmet Önder; Halıgür, Mehmet; Ekici, MehmetListeria monocytogenes is an intracellular, food–borne bacterium. Silage is an important source of this pathogen causing listeriosis. Listeriosis is an important health problem for both animals and humans in the world. The disease comprises three clinical syndromes: meningoencephalitis, septicemia and metritis with abortion. Encephalitis is frequently observed and the factors that play a role in its pathogenesis are the subject of research. In this study, the immunohistochemical expression of MMP–2 and MMP–9 together with TUNEL staining was investigated in the pathogenesis of meningoencephalitis in sheep naturally infected with L. monocytogenes. The brains of 25 sheep with Listerial meningoencephalitis were used in this study. Brain material from 10 sheep provided from the slaughterhouse was also used as a control. Tissue sections were stained immunohistochemically with L. monocytogenes, MMP–2 and MMP–9 antibodies. Additionally, TUNEL staining was performed to determine apoptosis in the disease. As a result of the study, it was observed that TUNEL staining in neurons and glial cells, MMP–2 and MMP–9 expressions in vascular endothelial cells, inflammatory cells, microglia and especially neurons in the infected brain tissue were significantly increased compared to controls. These results suggested that MMP–2 and MMP–9 play an active role in the neurodegeneration and cell death that occur in Listerial encephalitis.Öğe İvesi Irkı Kuzularda Doğum Şeklinin Serum İrisin Düzeylerine Etkisi(Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi, 2024) Akkuş, Tuğra; Yaprakcı, Ömer; Bayazit, Rüveyda; Ekici, Mehmet; Demirtaş, Ali CoşkunSunulan çalışmada, İvesi ırkı kuzularda normal doğum ve güç doğumun serum irisin düzeyleri üzerindeki etkisini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma materyalini, İvesi ırkı koyunlardan doğan 20 adet kuzu oluşturdu. Çalışmada; alınan anamnezde önceki doğumlarını normal olarak yapmış, doğum sonrası herhangi bir problem şekillenmemiş ve bakılması düşünülen parametrelerin objektif değerlendirilebilmesi için sadece tekiz doğum yapan koyunlar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Doğan kuzular, doğum şekline göre 2 gruba ayrıldı. Grup 1 (n=10) normal doğum sonucu meydana gelen kuzulardan, Grup 2 (n=10) ise güç doğum sonucu meydana gelen kuzulardan oluştu. Her iki çalışma grubundaki kuzulardan; kolostrum alımı öncesinde, kolostrum alımı sonrasında ve postnatal dönemin 15., 30., 45. ve 60. günlerinde (toplam altı kez) vena jugularis’ten kan örneği alınarak santrifüj edildi. Serum İrisin düzeyleri ticari kit kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Elde edilen veriler iki yönlü varyans analizi ile analiz edildi. Grup içi değerlendirmede ise, her iki grup için kolostrum alımı öncesi, kolostrum alımı sonrası ve postnatal dönemin ölçümlerinde zamana bağlı anlamlı farklılıklar gözlemlendi (PÖğe Mastitis in Sheep - Procalcitonin Level as a Biomarker for Early Diagnosis(Univ Fed Rio Grande Do Sul, 2024) Akkus, Tugra; Yaprakci, Omer; Mogulkoc, Mahmut Niyazi; Ekici, Mehmet; Demirtas, Ali Coskun; Ates, HuseyinBackground: Mastitis in sheep is significant due to its ability to cause both clinical and subclinical infections, being one of the most important diseases affecting dairy sheep worldwide. Infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is significant due to its ability to cause both clinical and subclinical mastitis. Procalcitonin (PCT) is a prohormone that increases in cases of bacterial inflammation, sepsis, and multiple organ failure. This study was conducted to determine changes in procalcitonin levels in subclinical and clinical mastitis in sheep. Materials, Methods & Results: The study used 60 Ivesi breed sheep that were within the 1st 45 days of lactation and had not received any medication in the past 20 days. The sheep were divided into 3 groups based on clinical examination, somatic cell count (SCC), California mastitis test (CMT), and results from bacteriological isolation and identification. Group 1 (n = 20) consisted of healthy sheep; Group 2 (n = 20) consisted of sheep with subclinical mastitis, and Group 3 (n = 20) consisted of sheep with clinical mastitis. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein and then centrifuged. Serum Amyloid A (SAA), Haptoglobin (Hp), and PCT levels were assessed using commercial kits. The obtained data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Body temperature and leukocyte count were found to be higher in the clinical mastitis group compared to the other groups (P < 0.001). SCC, SAA, Hp, and PCT levels were lowest in the healthy group and highest in the clinical mastitis group (P < 0.001). Significant positive correlations were found between procalcitonin and body temperature, leukocyte count, SCC, SAA, and Hp (r = 0.897, P < 0.01; r = 0.940, P < 0.01; r = 0.985, P < 0.01; r =0.928, P < 0.01; r = 0.956, P < 0.01, respectively). Discussion: In our study, higher PCT levels were detected in sheep with clinical mastitis. This finding supports the theory that PCT increases in bacterial infections. The presence of infection triggers an inflammatory response, which increases PCT production. The increase in leukocyte count and PCT levels reflects the severity of the infection and the immune system's response. This parallel increase explains the positive correlation between PCT and leukocyte count observed in our study. SCC is particularly indicative of mammary gland infections. During mastitis, somatic cells, especially leukocytes, increase in milk. This increase leads to elevated PCT levels as part of the inflammatory response. The high correlation between SCC and PCT indicates that both parameters increase in response to the presence and severity of infection. This parallel increase explains the positive correlation between SCC and PCT observed in our study. SAA is another indicator of the inflammatory response and is classified as an acute phase protein. Both SAA and PCT reflect the severity and extent of the inflammatory response. This parallel increase explains the positive correlation between SAA and PCT observed in our study. Hp is another acute phase protein produced by the liver as part of the inflammatory response. Hp levels increase during infection or tissue damage. Similarly, PCT levels also rise in response to inflammatory cytokines. In our study, the positive correlation between Hp and PCT indicates that both biomarkers increase in response to the severity of inflammatory processes. In conclusion, procalcitonin may be a novel biomarker for diagnosing both subclinical and clinical mastitis in sheep.Öğe Mastitis in Sheep - Procalcitonin Level as a Biomarker for Early Diagnosis(2024/11/12) Akkuş, Tuğra; Yaprakçı, Ömer; Moğulkoç, Mahmut Niyazi; Ekici, Mehmet; Demirtaş, Ali Coşkun; Ateş, HüseyinBackground: Mastitis in sheep is significant due to its ability to cause both clinical and subclinical infections, being one of the most important diseases affecting dairy sheep worldwide. Infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is significant due to its ability to cause both clinical and subclinical mastitis. Procalcitonin (PCT) is a prohormone that increases in cases of bacterial inflammation, sepsis, and multiple organ failure. This study was conducted to determine changes in procalcitonin levels in subclinical and clinical mastitis in sheep. Materials, Methods & Results: The study used 60 Ivesi breed sheep that were within the 1st 45 days of lactation and had not received any medication in the past 20 days. The sheep were divided into 3 groups based on clinical examination, somatic cell count (SCC), California mastitis test (CMT), and results from bacteriological isolation and identification. Group 1 (n = 20) consisted of healthy sheep; Group 2 (n = 20) consisted of sheep with subclinical mastitis, and Group 3 (n= 20) consisted of sheep with clinical mastitis. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein and then centrifuged. Serum Amyloid A (SAA), Haptoglobin (Hp), and PCT levels were assessed using commercial kits. The obtained data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Body temperature and leukocyte count were found to be higher in the clinical mastitis group compared to the other groups (P < 0.001). SCC, SAA, Hp, and PCT levels were lowest in the healthy group and highest in the clinical mastitis group (P < 0.001). Significant positive correlations were found between procalcitonin and body temperature, leukocyte count, SCC, SAA, and Hp (r = 0.897, P < 0.01; r = 0.940, P < 0.01; r = 0.985, P < 0.01; r = 0.928, P < 0.01; r = 0.956, P < 0.01, respectively). Discussion: In our study, higher PCT levels were detected in sheep with clinical mastitis. This finding supports the theory that PCT increases in bacterial infections. The presence of infection triggers an inflammatory response, which increases PCT production. The increase in leukocyte count and PCT levels reflects the severity of the infection and the immune system's response. This parallel increase explains the positive correlation between PCT and leukocyte count observed in our study. SCC is particularly indicative of mammary gland infections. During mastitis, somatic cells, especially leukocytes, increase in milk. This increase leads to elevated PCT levels as part of the inflammatory response. The high correlation between SCC and PCT indicates that both parameters increase in response to the presence and severity of infection. This parallel increase explains the positive correlation between SCC and PCT observed in our study. SAA is another indicator of the inflammatory response and is classified as an acute phase protein. Both SAA and PCT reflect the severity and extent of the inflammatory response. This parallel increase explains the positive correlation between SAA and PCT observed in our study. Hp is another acute phase protein produced by the liver as part of the inflammatory response. Hp levels increase during infection or tissue damage. Similarly, PCT levels also rise in response to inflammatory cytokines. In our study, the positive correlation between Hp and PCT indicates that both biomarkers increase in response to the severity of inflammatory processes. In conclusion, procalcitonin may be a novel biomarker for diagnosing both subclinical and clinical mastitis in sheep. Keywords: sheep, haptoglobin, procalcitonin, biomarker, diagnosis, clinical mastitis, subclinical mastitis, bacterial infection.Öğe Mice with diet-induced obesity demonstrate a relative prothrombotic factor profile and a thicker aorta with reduced ex-vivo function(LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2018) Uner, Aykut G.; Unsal, Cengiz; Unsal, Humeyra; Erdogan, Mumin A.; Koc, Ece; Ekici, Mehmet; Avci, Hamdi; Balkaya, Muharrem; Belge, Ferda; Tarin, LokmanClassical risk factors such as cholesterol and lipoproteins are currently not sufficient to explain all physiopathological processes of obesity-related vascular dysfunction as well as atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis. Therefore, the discovery of potential markers involved in vascular dysfunction in the obese state is still needed. Disturbances in hemostatic factors may be involved in the developmental processes associated with obesity-related cardiovascular disorders. We hypothesized that alterations of several hemostatic factors in the obese state could correlate with the function and morphology of the aorta and it could play an important role in the development of vascular dysfunction. To test this, we fed mice with a high-fat diet for 18 weeks and investigated the relationships between selected hemostatic factors (in either plasma or in the liver), metabolic hormones and morphology, and ex-vivo function of the aorta. Here, we show that 18-week exposure to a high-fat diet results in a higher plasma fibrinogen and prolonged prothrombin time in diet-induced obese mice compared to the controls. In addition, liver levels or activities of FII, FX, activated protein C, AT-III, and protein S are significantly different in diet-induced obese mice as compared to the controls. Curiously, FII, FVIII, FX, activated protein C, PTT, and protein S are correlated with both the aorta histology (aortic thickness and diameter) and ex-vivo aortic function. Notably, ex-vivo studies revealed that diet-induced obese mice show a marked attenuation in the functions of the aorta. Taken together, aforementioned hemostatic factors may be considered as critical markers for obesity-related vascular dysfunction and they could play important roles in diagnosing of the dysfunction.Öğe Reply to Letter to the Editor: Can ARNI Prevent Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity?(Aves, 2022) Dindas, Ferhat; Gungor, Huseyin; Ekici, Mehmet; Akokay, Pinar; Erhan, Fusun; Dogdus, Mustafa; Yilmaz, Mehmet Birhan[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Sinapic acid reduces pentylenetetrazol induced seizures in rats(Natl Inst Science Communication-Niscair, 2024) Ekici, Mehmet; Guene, Handan; Gezer, ArzuSeizure is known to induce oxidative stress which may initiate neuronal death. Oxidant-antioxidant imbalance often leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and apoptosis in the brain which may further result in the development of seizure. Phenolic compounds such as curcumin and rosmarinic acid are reported to control convulsions and seizures in pentylenetetrazol induced seizures models by suppressing seizure time, oxidative stress and inflammation indirectly. Sinapic acid (SA), a polyphenolic product of hydroxycinnamic acid found in various plants, exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anxiolytic effects. In this study, we investigated the effects of sinapic acid on pentylenetetrazol induced seizures in rats through oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and neurotrophic factor. A total of 28 male Wistar Albino rats weighing 200-220 g were divided into four equal groups (n=7/group). The treatment groups received 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg SA, respectively, by oral gavage for five consecutive days along with pentylenetetrazol (45 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) to induce seizures. The levels of Total oxidant status (TOS), Total antioxidant status (TAS), TNF-alpha, IL-113, and Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were measured in the cortex and hippocampus. Additionally, caspase 3 and caspase 9 levels, as well as the immunoreactivity of Cleaved caspase 3, were determined in the hippocampus. The results showed that pretreatment with 20 mg/kg SA delayed the latency of generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) and first myoclonic jerk, reduced GTCS duration, and improved seizure score and cognitive function. Importantly, the 20 mg/kg SA pretreatment resulted in decreased levels of TOS, TNF-alpha, IL-113, and BDNF in the cortex and hippocampus, while increasing TAS levels in these brain areas. Moreover, the 20 mg/kg SA reduced hippocampal caspase 3 and caspase 9 levels, as well as the immunoreactivity of Cleaved caspase 3 in rats with pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures. These findings suggest that the anti-seizure effects of SA are mediated by BDNF modulation, as well as its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties.Öğe Sinapic acid reduces pentylenetetrazol induced seizures in rats(Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research (CSIR) National Institute Of Science Communication and Policy Research (NIScPR), 2024/05/31) Ekici, Mehmet; Güneş, Handan; Gezer, ArzuSeizure is known to induce oxidative stress which may initiate neuronal death. Oxidant-antioxidant imbalance often leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and apoptosis in the brain which may further result in the development of seizure. Phenolic compounds such as curcumin and rosmarinic acid are reported to control convulsions and seizures in pentylenetetrazol induced seizures models by suppressing seizure time, oxidative stress and inflammation indirectly. Sinapic acid (SA), a polyphenolic product of hydroxycinnamic acid found in various plants, exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anxiolytic effects. In this study, we investigated the effects of sinapic acid on pentylenetetrazol induced seizures in rats through oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and neurotrophic factor. A total of 28 male Wistar Albino rats weighing 200-220 g were divided into four equal groups (n=7/group). The treatment groups received 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg SA,respectively, by oral gavage for five consecutive days along with pentylenetetrazol (45 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) to induceseizures. The levels of Total oxidant status (TOS), Total antioxidant status (TAS), TNF-α, IL-1β, and Brain-derivedneurotrophic factor (BDNF) were measured in the cortex and hippocampus. Additionally, caspase 3 and caspase 9 levels, aswell as the immunoreactivity of Cleaved caspase 3, were determined in the hippocampus. The results showed thatpretreatment with 20 mg/kg SA delayed the latency of generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) and first myoclonic jerk,reduced GTCS duration, and improved seizure score and cognitive function. Importantly, the 20 mg/kg SA pretreatmentresulted in decreased levels of TOS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and BDNF in the cortex and hippocampus, while increasing TAS levelsin these brain areas. Moreover, the 20 mg/kg SA reduced hippocampal caspase 3 and caspase 9 levels, as well as theimmunoreactivity of Cleaved caspase 3 in rats with pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures. These findings suggest that theanti-seizure effects of SA are mediated by BDNF modulation, as well as its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties.Öğe Sürü Koruyan ve Barınakta Tutulan Kangal Çoban Köpeklerinde Serum ve Tükürük CK, AST ve LDH Seviyelerinin Araştırılması(Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 2022) Koçkaya, Mustafa; Ekici, MehmetSürü koruma görevi yapan Kangal çoban köpeklerinin günlük fiziksel aktivitelerinin barınaklarda yaşayanlara göre daha fazla olduğu bilinen bir gerçektir. Fiziksel aktivite ve kas metabolizması arasındaki ilişki iyi bilinmektedir. Ancak literatürde sürüleri koruyan ve barınaklarda yaşayan Kangal çoban köpeklerinin kas metabolizmasındaki farklılıkları ortaya koyan bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, sürü koruma görevi yapan Kangal çoban köpekleri ile barınakta yaşayan Kangallar arasındaki kas metabolizması farklılıklarının araştırılmasıdır. Çalışmada sürü koruma görevi yapan ve barınakta tutulan genç Kangal köpekleri erkek ve dişi gruplarına ayrıldı toplam 32 adet köpek 4 gruba ayrıldı (n=8/grup). Serum ve tükürük örneklerinden kas metabolizması ile ilgili kreatin kinaz (CK), laktat dehidrojenaz (LDH) ve aspartat aminotransferaz (AST) parametreleri otoanalizör ile analiz edildi. Serum CK düzeyleri barınak köpeklerinde sürü koruma köpeklerine göre daha düşük bulunurken, en yüksek değer sürü koruyan dişilerde gözlendi. Tükürük CK seviyeleri barınak ve sürü koruyan erkek köpeklerde en yüksek, sürü koruyan dişi köpeklerde en düşüktü. Serum AST değeri en yüksek barınakta yaşayan dişilerde, en düşük serum AST değeri ise barınaktaki erkek köpeklerde tespit edildi. Ancak tükürük AST düzeyleri barınaktaki erkek ve dişi köpeklerde ve sürü koruyan erkeklerde yüksek olmasına rağmen sürü koruyan dişi köpeklerde ise düşüktü. Serum LDH düzeyleri barınaktaki dişilerde, sürüdeki erkek ve dişilerde yüksek, barınaktaki erkek köpeklerde ise düşüktü. Tükürük LDH düzeyleri barınak köpeklerinde en yüksek, sürü koruyan dişilerde en düşüktü. Bu çalışmada ilk kez Kangal çoban köpeklerinde serum ve tükürük örneklerinde kas metabolizması ile ilgili değişkenler (CK, AST ve LDH) araştırılmıştır.Öğe Sıçanlarda Akut Kısıtlama ve Soğuk Kısıtlama Stres Tepkisinin Elektrokardiyografik Değerlendirmesi(Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi, 2023) Koç, Çağlasu; Ekici, MehmetBu çalışmada, akut kısıtlama stresi ve soğuk kısıtlama stresinin sıçanlarda elektrokardiyografik (EKG) parametreler üzerindeki etkilerini araştırıldı. Toplam 18 adet 8-10 haftalık, ağırlıkları 180-220 g olan erkek Wistar albino rat üç eşit gruba (n=6/grup) ayrıldı. Kontrol grubundaki ratlara stresör uygulanmadı. Kısıtlama grubundaki ratlar 2 saat kısıtlayıcıda tutuldu. Soğuk tutma grubundaki ratlar kısıtlayıcı içinde 2 saat +4°C'de tutuldu. Sıçanlarda Televet II EKG cihazı (Kruuse, Almanya) ile ketamin ve ksilazin anestezisi altında EKG kaydı yapıldı ve derivasyonların analizinde Televet 100 programı (versiyon® 7.0.0, Kruuse, Heusenstamm, Almanya) kullanıldı. PR, QT, QRS intervalleri ve R dalgası amplitüdü analizinde gruplar arasında anlamlı fark yoktu (p >0,05). Ancak, kalp atım hızı soğuk kısıtlama grubunda kontrol grubuna (p
