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    Performance evaluation and assessment of the corrosion inhibition mechanism of carbon steel in HCl medium by a new hydrazone compound: Insights from experimental, DFT and first-principles DFT simulations
    (Elsevier, 2023) En-Nylly, M.; Skal, S.; El Aoufir, Y.; Lgaz, H.; Adnin, Raihana J.; Alrashdi, Awad A.; Bellaouchou, A.
    In the present work, a new hydrazone compound, namely N'-[(Z)-(4-chlorophenyl)methy lidene]-2-(5-methoxy-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)acetohydrazide, noted HTH, was selected to protect carbon steel against corrosion in 1.0 mol/L HCl. Different chemical, electrochemical, and surface characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscope coupled with X-ray energy disper-sion (SEM/EDX) were used to investigate the corrosion inhibition performance. Electrochemical data showed that the effectiveness of the inhibitor improved with increasing concentration, reaching 98% at the optimal concentration of 10-3 mol/L. The results of potentiodynamic polarization mea-surements showed that hydrazone acted as a mixed-type inhibitor. The EIS results showed an increase in polarization resistance accompanied by a noticeable decrease in Ceff,dl values. In the tem-perature range of 303 K-333 K, hydrazone protected carbon steel by 89%, showing high resistance to temperature effect. The analysis of the steel surface by SEM/EDX confirmed that the effective-ness of the hydrazone was attributed to the formation of a protective layer on the surface of the metal. Quantum chemical calculations revealed insights into the chemical reactivity of the tested hydrazone while first-principles density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation supported the experimental conclusions and showed outstanding adsorption ability of HTH on the Fe(1 10) surface. First-principles DFT simulations showed that the HTH molecule was more stable in a parallel adsorption mode. (c) 2023 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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    The effect of the alkyl chain length on corrosion inhibition performances of 1,2,4-triazole-based compounds for mild steel in 1.0 M HCl: Insights from experimental and theoretical studies
    (Elsevier, 2020) El Aoufir, Y.; Aslam, R.; Lazrak, F.; Marzouki, R.; Kaya, S.; Skal, S.; Ghanimi, A.
    The performance of two 1,2,4-triazole derivatives bearing an alkyl chain of variable length named 5-octylsulfanyl-1,2,4-triazole (TR8) and 5-decylsulfanyl-1,2,4-triazole (TR10) against mild steel (MS) corrosion in 1.0 M HCl was first evaluated utilizing experimental methods such as weight loss (WL), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) techniques. Then, theoretical methods like Density Functional Theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to explore corrosion inhibition mechanisms. Effect of molecules on the MS surface was analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). A correlation between corrosion inhibition properties and physicochemical and electronic properties as determined by DFT and MD was demonstrated. 1,2,4-triazole derivatives behave as effective inhibitors for MS corrosion in HCl at all concentrations tested with better efficacy at an optimal concentration of 10(-3) M. The maximum inhibition efficiencies (based on EIS results) were obtained 92% and 88% for TR10 and TR8, respectively. The adsorption is following the Langmuir isotherm model. Theoretical studies clearly showed that differences in carbon chain length alter inhibition performances of inhibitors and were found to be compatible with experimental results. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.