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    An Overview of Nanofiber Applications for Development of Phytopharmaceuticals
    (Galenos Publ House, 2022) Esenturk-Guzel, Imren; Abdo, Luceyn; Algin Yapar, Evren; Esenturk, Engin; Buyukkayhan, Derya; Sindhu, Rakesh K.
    Herbal sources contain a variety of bio-actives, which are also called phytochemicals. Many of the herbal bio-actives have therapeutic effects and distinguished chemical properties that allow them favorable candidates for phytomedicines. The history of traditional herbal medicines, which are the precursors of phytopharmaceuticals, dates back to ancient times. Today, many of the officially approved and widely used medicines are produced by isolating active substances from herbal sources. Although traditional pharmaceutical dosage forms such as tablets, capsules, syrups, solutions, decoctions and ointments are still used today, problems related with the absorption, biotransformation and stability of phytochemicals reduces the efficacy, bioavailability and in some cases safety of herbal medicines. Also, conventional pharmaceutical dosage forms are often providing an immediate release of phytoconstituents. Besides the use of advanced drug delivery systems offer advantages to overcome mentioned problems, they also provide extended release with maximum efficacy associated with minimum side effects. Researches on development of herbal formulations by using novel drug delivery systems have gain attention and the use of nanotechnology-based systems have special attention. One of the nano drug carrier systems is nanofibers which have unique properties making them widely used in different treatments such as infections, allergy, rheumatic diseases, inflammatory diseases, cancers, etc. In this study, the use Bitkisel kaynaklar, fitokimyasallar olarak da adlandirilan cesitli biyoaktif maddeler icerirler. Bitkisel biyo-aktiflerin cogu, bitkisel ilaclar icin uygun aday olmalarini saglayan terapotik etkilere ve kimyasal ozelliklere sahiptirler. Fitofarmasotiklerin oncusu olan geleneksel bitkisel ilaclarin tarihi cok eskilere dayanmaktadir. Gunumuzde resmi olarak onaylanmis ve yaygin olarak kullanilan ilaclarin bircogu bitkisel kaynaklardan etken maddelerin izole edilmesiyle uretilmektedir. Tabletler, kapsuller, suruplar, solusyonlar, dekoksiyonlar ve merhemler gibi geleneksel farmasotik dozaj formlari gunumuzde hala kullanilmasina ragmen, fitokimyasallarin absorpsiyonu, biyotransformasyonu ve stabilitesi ile ilgili problemler, bitkisel ilaclarin etkinligini, biyoyararlanimini ve bazi durumlarda guvenligini azaltmaktadir. Ayrica, geleneksel farmasotik dozaj formlari genellikle bitkisel bilesiklerin hemen salinmasini saglar. Gelismis ilac tasiyici sistemlerin kullanilmasi, bahsedilen sorunlarin ustesinden gelmek icin avantajlar sunmanin yani sira, minimum yan etkilerle iliskili maksimum etkinlik ile uzun sureli salim saglar. Yeni ilac tasiyici sistemler kullanilarak bitkisel formulasyonlarin gelistirilmesi uzerine yapilan arastirmalar dikkat cekmis ve nanoteknoloji tabanli sistemlerin kullanimina ayrica onem verilmistir. Nano ilac tasiyici sistemlerden biri de benzersiz ozelliklere sahip olan ve bu sayede enfeksiyon, alerji, romatizmal hastaliklar, enflamatuvar hastaliklar, kanser gibi farkli hastaliklarin of the nanofiber-based carrier systems to deliver herbal bio-actives through various drug application routes is overviewed.