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    Age and Peripheral Blood Values Relationship Evaluation of Trichomonas Vaginalis, Candida, and Gardnerella Vaginalis Frequency in Cervicovaginal Pap Smear Screening in Aksaray Province
    (2024) Genç, Şerife Özlem; Ordu, Melike
    This study aimed to explore the correlation between causative agents of vaginitis detected in Pap smear screenings and various hematological indices, alongside the severity of infections observed in Pap smears. We analyzed 348 Pap smear results, which were categorized into normal and abnormal findings and further subdivided into groups based on the presence of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC), Bacterial Vaginosis (BV), and Trichomoniasis (TV). The degree of inflammation (mild, moderate, severe) was assessed in relation to hematological indices (Platelet Index Value (PIV), Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI), Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), and Lymphocyte to Monocyte Ratio (LMR)), guided by the 2014 Bethesda System for evaluation. Out of 1654 patients screened, 348 met the inclusion criteria (253 aged below 45 years; 95 aged 45 years and above). In the under-45 age group, 83.3% had normal findings, with prevalence rates for VVC, BV, and TV at 73.4%, 60.2%, and 80.0%, respectively. In the over-45 group, these figures were 16.7% (normal), 26.6% (VVC), 39.8% (BV), and 20% (TV). The prevalence of moderate vaginitis in Pap smears was 45.3% for VVC, 96.1% for mild BV, and 53.3% for moderate TV. In cases of Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance (ASCUS), BV was predominant, while VVC and TV were absent in Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (LSIL) and High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (HSIL) cases. BV was present in 7.8% of normal smears. Significant associations were observed between hematological parameters and the severity of inflammation in the normal smear category (p<0.001). In squamous cell anomaly cases, especially ASCUS, differences in SII, NLR, PLR, SIRI, and PIV were noted between severe and mild infections, as well as between moderate and severe infection groups. This research underscores the linkage between the severity of infection and cellular abnormalities identified in cervical cytology, causative agents of vaginitis, and hematological indices with inflammatory parameters, potentially informing clinical management strategies
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    Are pan-immune-inflammation value, systemic inflammatory response index and other hematologic inflammatory indexes clinically useful to predict first-trimester pregnancy loss?
    (2023) Genç, Şerife Özlem; Erdal, Hüseyin
    Aim: The purpose of the study is to investigate the importance of hematological inflammatory parameters in predicting pregnancy loss in the first trimester. Material and Methods: This study was conducted retrospectively between February and May 2022 in Aksaray University Training and Research Hospital, Obstetrics and gynecology outpatient clinic. Fifty-five of 110 patients diagnosed with first trimester pregnancy loss were included in the study. The control group consisted of 55 pregnant women with first trimester pregnancies. Results: When the whole groups were compared, no statistically significant difference was observed in terms of hemoglobin, platelet, neutrophil, lymphocyte count, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR), derived NLR ratio (dNLR), systemic inflammatory index (SII), systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) and pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV). Discussion: NLR, PLR, LMR, dNLR, SII, SIRI and PIV parameters were not associated with first trimester abortions. In this study, unlike previous studies, no hematological parameters, including the pan-immune-inflammation value, were found to have a role in predicting first trimester pregnancy loss.
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    Assesment of the relationship between endometrial cancer and systemic inflammation
    (2023) Genç, Şerife Özlem; Erdal, Hüseyin
    Objective The relationship between endometrial cancer and systemic inflammation has been evaluated in recent years, particularly in terms of pre-treatment assessment, lymph node metastasis, and prognosis prediction. However, a conclusive consensus on this topic has yet to be reached. This study is based on the retrospective data from a tertiary center study conducted on patients who underwent surgery for endometrial cancer in our clinic within the past 2 years. The aim of this research is to assess the potential effects of age, gravidity, parity, hemoglobin (Hb), platelet (PLT), white blood cell count (WBC), lymphocyte count (LYM), monocyte count (MONO), and calculated systemic inflammatory indexes (NLR, PLR, LMR, dNLR, SII, SIRI, PIV) on the diagnosis and prognosis of endometrial cancer. Methods This study is based on the analysis of retrospective data from endometrial cancer patients treated at a single center. Patient data including age, obstetric characteristics, and hematologic parameters were recorded. Systemic inflammatory indexes were calculated using the following formulas: NLR (Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio), PLR (Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio), LMR (Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio), dNLR (Derived NLR ratio - neutrophil count divided by the result of leucocyte count minus neutrophil count), SII (Systemic inflammatory index - neutrophil x platelet / lymphocyte), SIRI (Systemic inflammatory response index - neutrophil x monocyte / lymphocyte count), and PIV (Pan-immune inflammation value - neutrophil x platelet x monocyte / lymphocyte count). Results Our study includes 21 patients who underwent surgery for endometrial cancer in our clinic within the past 2 years. We examined the relationships between age, obstetric characteristics, and hematologic parameters in endometrial cancer patients. The results indicated that the mean age was 56.6 years, with an average gravidity of 3. The average hemoglobin level was within the normal range at 12.7. The mean values for the systemic inflammatory indexes were as follows: SII (694.6 ± 319.1) SIRI (1.4 ± 0.9) PIV (346.8 ± 137.2), NLR (2.9 ± 2.6), PLR (147.3 ± 51.7), LMR (4.1 ± 1.43), and dNLR (2.03 ± 1.6). In conclusion, the relationship between endometrial cancer and systemic inflammation is a significant focal point for future cancer research and treatments. Current research findings in this area may contribute to a better understanding of this relationship and improve the healthcare of patients.
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    Assessment of Medical Students' Knowledge Levels on HIV/AIDS: A Single-Center Study
    (Ümit Muhammet KOÇYİĞİT, 2025) Genç, Şerife Özlem; Gültürk, Esra; Karaca, Gürkan
    Aim: Medical and dental students in various countries have demonstrated varying levels of knowledge and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS. Although many students are aware of HIV/AIDS, studies show significant gaps in knowledge about transmission modes and prevention techniques. This study assesses the knowledge of HIV/AIDS among medical students at a single institution in Turkey. The aim of the study is to evaluate the knowledge levels and awareness of medical students regarding HIV/AIDS. Materials and Methods: The study included 172 students from Sivas Cumhuriyet University. A questionnaire with 26 questions, including 23 knowledge-based and 3 demographic questions, was administered via Google Forms. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square tests to evaluate associations between class years and correct responses. Results: The majority of students demonstrated gaps in knowledge, particularly in the modes of transmission and prevention. For instance, 61% of participants believed incorrectly that mosquitoes can transmit HIV. Only 50% correctly identified that HIV can be transmitted from mother to child. Students in the third year had higher correct response rates compared to other years. Conclusion: Despite overall awareness of HIV/AIDS, medical students showed significant gaps in their understanding. The medical curriculum should include more extensive education on HIV/AIDS, particularly in terms of transmission, prevention, and treatment.
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    Delayed diagnosis in a mentally motor-retarded girl: A rare case of giant mucinous cystadenoma
    (2023) Tuşat, Mustafa; Genç, Şerife Özlem
    This presentation discusses the challenging case of a 15-year-old mentally motor-rarity of mucinous cystadenomas in childhood, with only ten reported cases in the literature. Case Report: We present a 15-year-old MMR girl who has been bedridden since birth. She visited the emergency department three times within two days with complaints of severe vomiting, restlessness, and abdominal swelling. Initially, she was misdiagnosed with constipation and sent home with incorrect treatment. An emergency abdominal CT scan revealed a 13x7x7 cm cystic lesion in the left ovary, filling the abdominal cavity (Figure 1a-e). Left salpingo-oophorectomy was performed, confirming a mucinous cystadenoma (Figure 2,3). Conclusion: This complex case underscores the importance of considering ovarian masses in children with abdominal symptoms and the significance of timely imaging. Careful evaluation and early surgical intervention, ideally at centers equipped for frozen section examinations, are crucial when dealing with medically complex patients like those with MMR.
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    Effect of mode of delivery on neonatal oxidative stress and dynamic thiol–disulfide homeostasis
    (SAGE, 2023) Genç, Şerife Özlem; Erdal, Hüseyin
    Objective To evaluate the effect of the mode of delivery on neonatal oxidative stress and dynamic thiol–disulfide homeostasis. Methods Sixty women who were followed up in the Obstetrics and Gynecology clinic were included in this prospective study. Cord blood samples were obtained from women who underwent cesarean section (CS) and vaginal delivery (VD). Total oxidant status and total antioxidant status levels were measured by spectrophotometry. The dynamic thiol–disulfide balance was determined by colorimetry. Results The total antioxidant status and oxidative stress index levels were higher and total oxidant status levels were lower in the VD group compared with the CS group. Native and total thiol levels were higher while disulfide levels were lower in the VD compared with the CS delivery group, while disulfide levels were higher in the CS group. Conclusion These results indicate that disulfide formation leads to decreased antioxidant capacity in women undergoing CS. Monitoring of dynamic thiol–disulfide levels may thus provide clinicians with important information on the oxidative stress status in newborns.
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    İntrauterin büyüme kısıtlılığı olan geç preterm gebeliklerde antiapoptotik Bcl-2 ve apoptotik kaspaz-9 ve soluble FasL serum belirteç düzeylerinin incelenmesi
    (Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi, 2017) Genç, Şerife Özlem; Karakuş, Savaş
    İntrauterin büyüme kısıtlılığı olan geç preterm gebeliklerde antiapoptotik Bcl-2 ve apoptotik kaspaz-9 ve soluble FasL serum belirteç düzeylerinin incelenmesi İntrauterin büyüme kısıtlılığı (İUBK), çeşitli patolojik durumlar sebebiyle fetusun beklenen büyüme ve gelişme potansiyelini kullanamamasıdır. Gebeliklerin yaklaşık %5'inde görülür ve ciddi fetal mortalite ve morbidite ile ilişkilidir. Etkilenmiş bebekler perinatal asfiksi, serebral palsi, mekonyum aspirasyon sendromu, koagülasyon bozuklukları, nekrotizan enterokolit, bağışıklık sistemi bozuklukları gibi uzun süren tedavi gerektiren hastalıklar açısından da yüksek risk altındadırlar. İUBK etyopatogenezinde apoptozun anahtar rolü oynadığı düşünülmektedir. Apoptoz sadece fetal gelişimi değil aynı zamanda plasenta gibi fetus için önemli olan organları da etkiler. Sonuç olarak, İUBK ile komplike olan gebeliklerde fetal komplikasyonların apoptozun şiddetine bağlı olduğu düşünülmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı; İUBK tanısını koymak için rutin olarak kullanılan tanı yöntemlerine ek olarak apoptoz şiddetini Bcl-2, kaspaz-9, sFasL belirteç düzeyleri ile maternal kan örneğinden ölçmekti, bununla birlikte, İUBK kaynaklı perinatal kötü sonuçların oranlarını düşürebilmek, fetüse invazif girişim gerektirmeden fetal iyilik halini değerlendirebilmekti. Çalışmaya 159 geç preterm gebe dahil edildi. 80'i İUBK tanısı alanlardı, diğerleri kontrol grubuydu. Doğum esnasında maternal ve umbilikal kord kan örnekleri alındı. ELISA yöntemi ile maternal ve umbilikal kord serumlarındaki Bcl-2, kaspaz-9, sFasL belirteç düzeyleri belirlendi. Bcl-2 düzeyleri hem maternal hem umbilikal kord serumlarında İUBK grubunda anlamlı derecede yüksek olarak tespit edildi. Her iki grupta maternal serumlar arasında sFasL ve kaspaz-9 düzeyleri açısından anlamlı bir fark saptanmadı. Her iki grupta umbilikal kord serumları arasında da sFasL ve kaspaz-9 düzeyleri açısından anlamlı bir fark saptanmadı. Bcl-2 düzeyi İUBK grubunda hem maternal hem umbilikal kord serumlarında anlamlı olarak yüksek bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar, İUBK tanısını koymada ultrason bulguları ile birlikte maternal serum Bcl-2 düzeyinin de yardımcı olabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: İntrauterin büyüme kısıtlılığı, geç preterm doğum, sFasL, kaspaz-9, Bcl-2, apoptoz.