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    The effect of Yucca schidigera powder added to lamb feed on fattening performance, some blood parameters, the immune system, and the antioxidative metabolism of the hepatic tissue
    (SCIENTIFIC TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY-TUBITAK, 2016) Gumus, Recep; Imik, Halit
    In this study, Yucca schidigera powder (YSP) added to lamb feed was investigated for its effects on performance, some blood parameters, the immune system, and the antioxidative metabolism of the hepatic tissue. Throughout a 10-week fattening period, twenty-four 2.5-month-old male Akkaraman lambs were used. Three groups were established, including a control group (C) and groups YSPI and YSPII, which received a basal ration alone, a basal ration + 100 ppm YSP, and a basal ration + 200 ppm YSP, respectively. The groups did not differ for performance parameters (P > 0.05). While 100 ppm YSP increased serum NH3 levels (P < 0.05), 200 ppm YSP significantly decreased serum cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and Mg levels (P < 0.05). The groups did not differ for antibody titers against the Brucella melitensis vaccine (Rev 1). In groups YSPI and YSPII, hepatic CAT activity and LPO levels were significantly lower than those of Group C (P < 0.01). While the GSH levels of group YSPI were significantly higher than those of groups C and YSPII, the SOD activity of group YSPII was significantly lower than those of groups C and YSPI (P < 0.01). As a result, while YSP did not affect the performance parameters or immune system, it significantly affected NH3 levels, lipid metabolism, and the antioxidant system.
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    Effects of dietary thyme and rosemary essential oils on performanceparameters with lipid oxidation, water activity, pH, colour and microbialquality of breast and drumstick meats in broiler chickens
    (Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh, 2023) Gumus, Recep; Gelen, Sevda U.
    This study was aimed at determining the effects of different doses of thyme essential oil (TEO) and rosemary essential oil (REO) incorporated into broiler rations on performance parameters, including body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion rate, as well as on the quality criteria of breast and drumstick meat. The study material comprised of 400 three-day-old male Ross 308 chicks, which were assigned to five groups, each of 80 broilers. Each group was divided into four sub-groups of 20 animals. In this study, the feed rations provided to the control group and groups TEO-150, TEO-300, REO-100 and REO-200 were supplemented with 0, 150 mg kg(-1 )TEO, 300 mg kg(-1) TEO, 100 mg kg(-1) REO and 200 mg kg(-1 )REO, respectively. Fattening performance parameters were statistically similar in the control group and all trial groups (P > 0.05). It was determined that, while dietary supplementation with TEO and REO significantly reduced total mesophilic aerobic bacteria (TMAB) counts throughout storage in drumstick meat and on days 0 and 8 of storage in breast meat (P < 0.01), it showed variable effects on other microbial counts and during other time points in both breast meat and drumstick meat. Dietary supplementation with TEO and REO was ascertained not to affect the pH value of breast and drumstick meat and to show limited and variable effects on colour parameters and water activity throughout the storage period of breast and drumstick meat. In all groups supplemented with TEO and REO, the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels of drumstick meat were observed to have significantly decreased on days 0, 2 and 4 of storage (P < 0.01). As a result, dietary supplementation with TEO and REO was determined to have a limited effect on performance parameters, but to improve the microbial quality of meat.
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    Effects of the supplementation of lamb rations with oregano essential oil on the antimicrobial and antioxidant metabolism in meat
    (SCIENTIFIC TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY-TUBITAK, 2018) Imik, Halit; Urcar Gelen, Sevda; Aydemir Atasever, Meryem; Gumus, Recep; Ozlu, Hayrunnisa
    Although oregano essential oil has common use in the cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and food sectors, information on its effects on meat quality and shelf life, when incorporated into lamb feed rations, is scarce. In this study, the effects of oregano essential oil (OEO) in feed on the water activity, pH, lipid peroxidation, color parameters, and microbial counts of the Musculus longissimus dorsi (MLD) were investigated. The control group was fed a basal ration and the OEO1 and OEO2 groups were fed a basal ration supplemented with 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg OEO, respectively. Akkaraman lambs were fed experimental rations for a period of 56 days and were slaughtered at the end of the fattening period. Lipid peroxidation of the MLD was significantly affected by storage time (ST), group (G) and ST x G, while pH was affected by ST. Lightness was significantly affected by ST, G, and ST x G; redness by ST and G; and yellowness by ST and ST x G. The Micrococcus/Staphylococcus, total mesophilic aerobic bacteria, and total psychrophilic aerobic bacteria counts were significantly affected by ST, G, and ST x G; Pseudomonas spp. counts by ST; and coliform counts by ST and ST x G. The antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of OEO were confirmed.
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    The Effects of the Supplementation of Lamb Rations with Oregano Essential Oil on the Performance, Some Blood Parameters and Antioxidant Metabolism in Meat and Liver Tissues
    (KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2017) Gumus, Recep; Erol, H. Serkan; Imik, Halit; Halici, Mesut
    In this study, the effects of oregano essential oil, on performance, some blood parameters, the antioxidant metabolism such as lipid oxidation (LPO) and glutathione (GSH) levels with superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities in the liver and the Musculus longissimus dorsi (meat) tissue were investigated. The study consisted of three groups; the control group fed a basal ration, the OEO1 group fed a basal ration added 200 mg/kg Orego-Stim and the OEO2 group fed a basal lamb ration added 400 mg/kg Orego-Stim. The groups did not differ for performance parameters. In groups control and OEO2, serum calcium and potassium levels were significantly higher than the group of OEO1 (P<0.05). However, the serum magnesium level were significantly higher in OEO1 group (P<0.05). While there are no meaningful changes on superoxide dismutase activity, LPO and GSH rates with CAT activity had significant changes in liver tissue (P<0.05). LPO and GSH levels with SOD and CAT enzyme activities were significantly affected in M. longissimus dorsi tissue (P<0.05). As a result, while oregano essential oil did not affect the performance parameters and lipid profile, it significantly affected the antioxidant metabolism in meat and liver tissues.
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    The effect of adding wheat and corn gluten to the diet of rats on the autoimmune and histopathological parameters in the intestine and liver
    (Univ Zulia, Facultad Ciencias Veterinarias, 2024) Gumus, Recep; Kapakin, Kubra Asena Terim; Kirman, Esra Manavoglu; Bolat, Ismail; Imik, Aybuke; Ercan, Nazli
    This study investigated the histopathological and immunohistochemical effect on the intestine and liver tissues with addition of the soybean meal (SBM), wheat Gluten meal (WGM) and Corn gluten meal (CGM) to rat diet. A total of 24 average twenty-day-old male rats (Wistar albino) were used in the study. The rats were randomly divided into 3 groups with 8 animals in each group (Control, Wheat and Corn groups). The diet provided to all three groups contained proteins, which were SBM, WGM and CGM in the Control, Wheat and Corn groups, respectively. In the study, the group fed with SBM was used as the Control group. Rats were fed a diet containing 22% crude protein and 2,598 kcalkg(-1) metabolic energy throughout the experimental period. The feeding trial was continued for a period of 50 days. Degenerative changes of varying severity in intestinal epithelial cells and atrophy in villi were observed. Similarly, the degenerative changes, especially vacuolar or hydropic degeneration were determined in hepatocytes. It was determined that the CD4 level were statistically significantly increased in the Wheat and Corn groups compared to the Control group ( P <0.01) on intestine tissue. Also, it was determined that the IgA level was statistically significantly increased of the Wheat and Corn groups in liver tissue. ( P <0.05). As a result, it was observed that the histopathological and immunohistochemical parameters of the intestine and liver tissues of the rats fed with diets containing highly WGM and CGM were limitedly affected.
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    The effects of different dietary protein sources on live weight, sperm quality and the histology of the testes and accessory glands in male rats
    (Wiley, 2020) Gumus, Recep; Uslu, Sema; Uslu, Baris A.
    This study was aimed at determining the effects of corn and wheat gluten, used as dietary protein sources, on live weight gain, sperm quality and the histology of the testes and accessory glands in male rats. For this purpose, 20-day-old 24 male Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned to three groups. Group 1 (Control), Group 2 and Group 3 were fed on a basal ration supplemented with high levels of soybean meal, corn gluten and wheat gluten, respectively, as a protein source. At the end of the study, when compared to Group 1, live weight values were determined to have increased in Group 3 and to have decreased in Group 2 (p < .05). Furthermore, sperm density, sperm motility, the dead/ live sperm ratio and testes weight were determined to have significantly decreased in Group 2, in comparison to Groups 1 and 3 (p < .05). The percentages of abnormal spermatozoon, and head, acrosome, mid-piece and tail abnormalities were high in Group 2 (p < .05). Histological examination demonstrated that, in Group 2, the diameter of the Tubulus Seminiferous Contortus (TSC) and the size of the Tubular Epithelial Cells (TE) were small, and the tubular and anatomical structure of the testes were shrunken and altered. Group 2 also presented with connective tissue increase and alveolar lumen enlargement in the prostate gland, and with connective tissue thickening, muscle tissue increase and secretory capacity decrease in the seminal vesicle (p < .05). Moreover, in Group 2, the Gl. Bulbourethral (Cowper's gland) presented with a decreased size and dilatations in the mucous structures. In a result, based on the findings obtained in this study, it is suggested that high levels of dietary corn gluten adversely affect live weight, sperm quality, and the testes and accessory glands.