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    In Vitro Neuroprotective Effect Evaluation of Donepezil-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles-Embedded PVA/PEG Nanofibers on SH-SY5Y Cells and AP-APP Plasmid Related Alzheimer Cell Line Model
    (Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2025) Guler, Ece; Yekeler, Humeyra Betul; Uner, Burcu; Dogan, Murat; Asghar, Asima; Ikram, Fakhera; Yazir, Yusufhan
    Recently developed nanoparticles and nanofibers present new brain-specific treatment strategies, especially for Alzheimer's disease treatment. In this study, donepezil (DO)-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (DNP) are embedded in PVA/PEG nanofibers (DNPF) produced by pressurized gyration for sublingual administration. SEM images showed produced drug-loaded and pure nanofibers, which have sizes between 978 and 1123 nm, demonstrated beadless morphology and homogeneous distribution. FT-IR, XRD, and DSC results proved the produced nanoparticles and fibers to consist of the DO and other polymers. The in vitro drug release test presented that the release profile of DO is completed at the end of the 18th day. It is released by the first order kinetic model. DNPF has an ultra-fast release profile via its disintegration within 2 sec, which proved itself to be suitable for the administration sublingually. All samples presented above approximate to 90% cell viability via their non-toxic natures on SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells by using Alamar blue assay. The anti-Alzheimer effects of DO, DNP, and DNPF are evaluated on the A beta(1-42)-induced SH-SY5Y cells at 1, 5, and 10 mu M as treatment groups. The 1 mu M dosage exhibited the most significant neuroprotective effects, which showed enhanced cellular uptake and superior modulation of Alzheimer's-related proteins, including tau and A beta.
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    Vitamin B12-loaded chitosan-based nanoparticle-embedded polymeric nanofibers for sublingual and transdermal applications: Two alternative application routes for vitamin B12
    (Elsevier, 2024) Guler, Ece; Yekeler, Humeyra Betul; Parviz, Gita; Aydin, Saliha; Asghar, Asima; Dogan, Murat; Ikram, Fakhera
    Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegeneration type that is biologically recognizable via beta-amyloid plaques and tau neurofibril tangles. Global estimation for the total count of individuals enduring AD will rise up to 131 million by 2050. Investigations suggested the existence of a direct proportion between the likelihood of AD occurrence and vitamin B12 (VB12) hypovitaminosis. Approved VB12 administrations, intramuscular and oral, each has serious defects broaching the demand for alternative routes. This work developed VB12-loaded chitosan/tripolyphosphate/polyvinyl alcohol (CS/TPP/PVA) nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and polyvinylpyrrolidone/polycaprolactone (PVP/PCL) nanofibrous (NFs) produced by pressurized gyration (PG) for sublingual and transdermal routes, respectively. Biomaterials were investigated morphologically, chemically, and thermally. Moreover, degradation, disintegration, release behavior, and release kinetics were analyzed. The effectiveness and safety of nanomaterials were assessed and proven with the alamarBlue test on the A beta 1-42-induced SH-SY5Y model. The final evaluation suggested the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of produced systems. Consequently, two alternative VB12 application routes were developed with high effectivity and low toxicity with the power of nanotechnology.