Yazar "Kafa, Ayse Humeyra Taskin" seçeneğine göre listele

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    Distribution of Microorganisms Isolated from Blood Cultures and Evaluation of Antibiotic Resistance Rates in Patients Diagnosed with Cancer
    (Erciyes Univ Sch Medicine, 2023) Kafa, Ayse Humeyra Taskin; Cubuk, Fatih; Hasbek, Mursit; Aslan, Rukiye; Cubuk, Zeynep
    Objective: Cancer patients are a high-risk population for infections caused by various bacterial agents. Specifically, bloodstream infections (BSIs) can lead to severe complications and even mortality in cancer patients. This study aimed to identify the predominant bacterial species causing bacteremia and assess the prevalence of antibiotic resistance among cancer patients receiving treatment at our hospital. Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted on data from cancer patients diagnosed between January 2020 and June. The microorganisms isolated from blood cultures of cancer patients were identified using the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) Biotyper Microflex LT device. The antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of the bacteria were examined using the BD Phoenix 100. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 22.0 program. Results: The study included a total of 158 bacterial isolates grown from blood cultures of 133 patients across different populations. Gram-positive bacteria were detected in 54.4% (86) of the isolates, while gram-negative bacteria were found in 40.5% (64) of the isolates. The extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) positivity rate was 41.2% (14/34) in Escherichia coli isolates and 25% (3/12) in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. Methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was identified in only one bacterial strain. Nine (26.5%) E. coli isolates and three (25%) K. pneumoniae isolates were determined to be multi-drug resistant (MDR). Conclusion: BSIs remain a significant health issue in cancer patients. Analyzing MDR isolates and resistance profiles through routine bacterial surveillance in cancer patients can provide guidance for antimicrobial therapy. Furthermore, regularly sharing the obtained data can enhance treatment success.
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    Evaluation of Hepatitis A Seroprevalance and Epidemiologic Data of Patients Applying to A Medical Faculty Hospital
    (Galenos Yayincilik, 2020) Saglam, Murat; Celik, Cem; Kafa, Ayse Humeyra Taskin; Hasbek, Mursit
    Objectives: Our study aims to determine seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in our region and to determine the prevalence change over years and to evaluate the effects of various factors on prevalence. Materials and Methods: In our study, HAV diagnostic tests, which were studied by the ELISA method in the microbiology laboratory of our hospital for 10 years, were evaluated retrospectively from the laboratory information system. In the diagnosis of acute hepatitis, and anti-HAV immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody was investigated in the blood, and anti-HAV IgG antibody was investigated for immunity to hepatitis A. Results: Seropositivity of anti-HAV IgG was found to be 75.3%, In comparison, while anti-HAV IgM positivity was found to be 2.7%. While anti-HAV IgG and anti-HAV IgM positivity were found to be higher in individuals living outside the city center compared to individuals living in the city center, no significant difference was found between the genders. Conclusion: Virus transmission has decreased in our region in recent years, and the encounter with the disease has shifted to advanced ages. This change increases the number of individuals susceptible to symptomatic infection. Therefore, hygiene and sanitation conditions should be monitored carefully, infrastructure should work adequately, and vaccination policies should be implemented when necessary.
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    Evaluation of the Usability of a Rapid Antigen Test for the Diagnosis of COVID-19 Disease in Comparison with the Molecular Method
    (Bilimsel Tip Yayinevi, 2022) Cubuk, Fatih; Kafa, Ayse Humeyra Taskin; Baykus, Hatice Seyma; Hasbek, Mursit
    Introduction: Rapid testing of patients with suspected COVID-19 disease is critical so that those infected can self-isolate and reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 spreading to the community. Our study aimed to assess the usability of a rapid antigen test kit for the diagnosis of COVID-19 by comparing it with the molecular method. Materials andMethods: Our study was planned retrospectively between 14 March and 14 August 2022. COVID-19 rapid antigen test and COVID-19 RT qPCR test results of patients who applied to our hospital with complaints compatible with COVID-19 disease during this period were included in the study.Results: A total of 268 patients were included in the study. According to the PCR test, the sensitivity was 92.6%, the specificity was 96.5%, and the accuracy was 95.1% for the rapid antigen test. Seven (2.6%) samples were identified as positive by the PCR test but negative by the rapid antigen test. The mean Ct value of these samples was detected as 26.38. According to the PCR test, the rapid antigen test positivity rate was 100% for 78 samples with a Ct value of <22, and the rapid antigen test was negative for two samples with a Ct value of >30.Conclusion: COVID-19 rapid antigen test kits can be utilized to rapidly detect and isolate symptomatic individuals, particularly during periods when there is a high number of cases. However, the sensitivity of the rapid antigen test is affected by the viral load of the sample. With rapid antigen test kits, there is a possibility of obtaining false negative results in samples with high Ct values or low viral loads. Therefore, we believe it would be beneficial to evaluate symptomatic individuals with negative rapid antigen test results using PCR.
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    Molecular diversity of Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates: antimicrobial resistance, virulence, and biofilm formation
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2024) Kafa, Ayse Humeyra Taskin; Aslan, Rukiye; Dastan, Sevgi Durna; Celik, Cem; Hasbek, Mursit; Eminoglu, Aysenur
    One of the mechanisms responsible for antibiotic resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae is the enzymes produced by the bacteria; another important mechanism is the ability to form biofilm. In this study, antibiotic resistance, genes associated with virulence, and biofilm-forming properties of K. pneumoniae strains were investigated. A total of 100 K. pneumoniae isolates were obtained from different clinical samples identified by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed with the Phoenix 100 apparatus. The biofilm forming properties of strains were determined by the microtiter plate method. For molecular analysis, genes encoding the carbapenemase enzyme (bla(OXA-48), bla(NDM-1), bla(IMP), and bla(VIM)) and biofilm-related genes (treC, luxS, mrkA, and wza) were investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). While 76% of clinical isolates were resistant to three or more antimicrobials, 24% were classified as non-multidrug resistant (non-MDR). When biofilm-forming capacities of clinical isolates were tested, it was determined that the resistant-isolates produced 59.2% strong biofilm, and susceptible-isolates produced 12.5% strong biofilm. According to PCR results, carbapenemase genes were determined as follows: bla(OXA-48)-70%, bla(NDM)-49%, and bla(KPC)-19%, bla(OXA-48)/bla(NDM)/bla(KPC)-12%, bla(OXA-48)/bla(NDM)-26%, and bla(OXA-48)/bla(KPC)-4%. The biofilm-associated genes in bacterial isolates were determined as follows: luxS-98%, treC-94%, mrkA-88%, and wza-15%. In addition, Hierarchical Clustering Tree and Heatmap analysis revealed an association between isolates that lacks resistance genes and isolates lacks biofilm-formation related genes that were included in MDR or non-MDR classes. As a result, biofilm should be considered in the treatment of MDR infections, and therapy should be planned accordingly. In addition, pursuing the data and genes of antibiotic resistance is significant for combating resistance.
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    The Seroprevalence Trend of Helicobacter pylori Infection in a Turkish Tertiary Hospital: A 4-year Retrospective Study
    (Galenos Publ House, 2023) Cubuk, Fatih; Kafa, Ayse Humeyra Taskin; Hasbek, Mursit; Aslan, Rukiye; Celik, Cem
    Objective: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative microaerophilic bacterium that is associated with diseases such as peptic ulcer, chronic gastritis, gastric MALT lymphoma, and gastric cancer. H. pylori infection is more common in developing countries. The high socioeconomic conditions and elimination of bacterial carriage by antimicrobial treatment reduce the prevalence of H. pylori in developed countries. The fecal H. pylori antigen test has been widely used recently. This test with high sensitivity and specificity constitutes a significant diagnostic method alternative due to its cost-effectiveness and rapid results. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the presence of H. pylori antigen in the stool samples of patients with gastroduodenal complaints from laboratory records. Methods: Test results of patients who underwent H. pylori antigen rapid cassette test from fresh fecal samples between January 2018 and May 2022 in the Medical Microbiology Laboratory were included in the study. Fresh fecal samples from patients were analyzed using H. pylori Antigen Rapid Test Cassette (Acro Biotech Inc, USA) kits. The statistical analysis of the research was made with IBM-SPSS 25.0 (IBM Co., USA). The chi-square test was used to evaluate the research data. P<0.05 value was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 5,718 patients, 3,285 (57.5%) women with gastroduodenal complaints, were included in the study. Fecal H. pylori antigen test positivity was determined in 1,429 (25%) of these patients. The antigen positivity rate was found to be higher in women (26.6%) compared to men (22.9%) (p<0.05). In addition, this rate was higher in adult patients (27.4%) than in pediatric patients (10.1%). In addition, this rate was higher in adult patients (27.4%) compared with pediatric patients (10.1%) (p<0.01). Conclusion: The regional prevalence data are informative about the development levels of countries in socioeconomic issues such as urbanization, infrastructure services, and access to clean water. In addition, these data may provide insight into the future prevalence of H. pylori-related diseases. We think that this study, in which the data of our region is shared, contributes to the literature.