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Öğe An online pilates exercise program is effective on proprioception and core muscle endurance in a randomized controlled trial(Springer London Ltd, 2022) Suner-Keklik, Sinem; Numanoglu-Akbas, Ayse; Cobanoglu, Gamze; Kafa, Nihan; Guzel, Nevin A.Background Proprioception is important for stability of body segments, postural control, and functionality. However, there are no studies in literature showing effects of online Pilates exercises that create proprioceptive inputs on vertebra on trunk proprioception. Aims This study aims to reveal effect of online Pilates exercises conducted on trunk proprioception and core muscle endurance in healthy individuals. Methods We included thirty-three healthy individuals between ages of 18 and 25 in study. Individuals were randomly divided into two groups. There were 17 individuals in Pilates group (PG), and 16 individuals in control group (CG). The PG was given online Pilates exercises by the physiotherapist in groups 3 days a week for 6 weeks, 1 h a day. There was no exercise program recommended for individuals in CG. We evaluated trunk proprioception with an inclinometer, core muscle endurance with three core endurance tests created by McGill, and prone bridge tests. All evaluations completed just before start of study and 2 days after 6-week training. Results Two groups had similar demographic characteristics, and there was no difference between baseline measurements (p > 0.05). While improvement observed in PG in trunk proprioception and all of core muscle endurance tests (p < 0.05), no statistically significant difference reported in CG (p > 0.05). Conclusions We revealed that online Pilates exercises performed at mat level for 6 weeks in healthy individuals had positive effects on trunk proprioception and core muscle endurance with this study. Contribution of Pilates exercises to development of both muscular endurance and proprioceptive senses, even if performed at a distance, is important.Öğe Changes in Physical Fitness Parameters with Increasing Age(Ataturk Univ, 2024) Akaras, Esedullah; Cobanoglu, Gamze; Suner Keklik, Sinem; Gokdogan, Cagatay Muslum; Zorlular, Ali; Aygun Polat, Elif; Kafa, NihanIt is inevitable to see changes in physical fitness parameters with age. This study compares the physical fitness parameters, body composition, laxity, balance, proprioception, and muscle strength between different age groups. The study comprised 44 healthy individuals, divided into two age groups: 20-39 and 40-65. Body composition was measured with Tanita BC 418; balance was measured with a Biodex Biosway stabilometer device, and laxity was measured with a GNRB (R) knee arthrometer. The isokinetic system (Cybex NORM (R), Humac, CA, USA) was used for strength and proprioception measurements. Anteroposterior, mediolateral, and overall stability index among the balance parameters between the two groups was significant. Among the groups, a statistically significant difference was observed in terms of body mass index (BMI), total body fat ratio, trunk fat ratio, and dominant leg fat ratio (p<.05). p <.05). It was determined that individuals between the ages of 40-65 had higher BMI, total body fat ratio, trunk fat ratio, and dominant leg fat ratio compared to individuals between the ages of 20-39, and their postural stability was worse. There was no difference between the groups regarding laxity, proprioception, and muscle strength (p>.05). p >.05). With increasing age, it is essential to be aware of the negatively changing body composition and deteriorating balance and encourage participation in physical activity and exercise to prevent physical fitness loss, especially from 40.Öğe Comparison of Shoulder Muscle Strength of Deaf and Healthy Basketball Players(Nevzat Demirci, 2020) Suner-Keklik, Sinem; Cobanoglu, Gamze; Savas, Seyfi; Seven, Barış; Kafa, Nihan; Guzel, Nevin A.Purpose: It has still not been made clear whether the audio inputs from the environment may have on the muscle strength characteristics of people who spend long periods of their lives with hearing loss. The purpose is to evaluate shoulder muscle strength and endurance of deaf basketball (DB) players and to compare them with healthy basketball (HB) players. Methods: The study was carried out with a total of 26-man players including 13 players (years: 24±3) in DB group and 13 players (years: 22±2) in HB group. Internal rotator (IR) and external rotator (ER) muscles strength of shoulder dominant and non-dominant side was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer. Results: According to isokinetic test results, there was not a difference between two groups on either dominant or nondominant side in terms of ER and IR Nm/kg (p>0.05). The ER / IR ratio was different between the two groups in favor of HB players (p=0.017). The strength parameters of dominant extremities of players in both groups were found to be higher than nondominant extremity. Conclusions: As a result, IR and ER muscle strengths were similar in two groups, both groups were at risk for musculoskeletal injuries in terms of ER/IR ratio. It could be speculated that it is essential to design training programs with additional ER strengthening exercises to improve the balance between IR and ER muscles and minimize risk of injury. The dominant extremity was found to be stronger in both groups. In our opinion, symmetrical movement patterns will positively affect performance on dominant extremity. © 2019 AME Publishing CompanyÖğe Evaluation of proprioception in patients who underwent ACL reconstruction: measurement in functional position(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2021) Suner Keklik, Sinem; Guzel, Nevin; Cobanoglu, Gamze; Kafa, Nihan; Ataoglu, Muhammet Baybars; Oztemur, ZekeriyaBackground/aim: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries cause mechanoreceptor loss in the joint; therefore, proprioceptive deficits are observed after injury. In particular, proprioceptive measurements made in the functional position give more accurate results, and this is an area that requires further studies. This study aimed to evaluate proprioception in patients who had undergone ACL reconstruction (ACLR) in functional positions used in daily life (closed kinetic chain position), according to joint angles where ACL injuries occur more frequently, in comparison with healthy controls. Materials and methods: Thirty-four participants who underwent ACLR using a hamstring tendon graft (aged 29.18 +/- 8.16 years; body mass index (BMI), 26.58 +/- 4.02 kg/cm(2)) and 31 healthy participants (aged 27.35 +/- 5.74 years; BMI, 24.76 +/- 2.98 kg/cm(2)) were included. Proprioception was assessed with an active angle repetition test, using an inclinometer in the closed kinetic chain position while standing. Participants were asked to perform single-leg squats until the angle at the knee joint was 30 degrees. After the targeted angle was defined, the participants were asked to find the targeted angle. The difference between the targeted angle and the angle reached by the participants was calculated. Results: A statistically significant difference in the active joint position sense was found among the ACLR extremity, uninvolved extremity, and control extremity (p < 0.05). The proprioceptive sense between the two extremities in the ACLR group was similar, and the proprioceptive sense was worse than that of the control group. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate closed kinetic chain position in patients who underwent ACLR, and it showed that proprioceptive sense was still poor in patients with ACLR compared with the control group, even if an average of 24 months have elapsed since surgery.Öğe Results Muscle Strength and Thickness After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction with Hamstring Tendon Autografts: An Ultrasonographic and Isokinetic Evaluation(Galenos Publ House, 2021) Suner-Keklik, Sinem; Guzel, Nevin A.; Cobanoglu, Gamze; Gunendi, Zafer; Kafa, Nihan; Ataoglu, Muhammed BaybarsBACKGROUND/AIMS: This study aimed to compare the muscle strength and thickness of individuals who underwent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using a hamstring tendon graft for at least 12 months with uninvolved limbs and healthy controls. MATERIALS and METHODS: This study included 25 individuals who underwent ACL reconstruction [age: 29.56 +/- 8.25 years; Body Mass Index (BMI): 27.27 +/- 3.89 kg/cm(2)] and 25 healthy participants (age: 27.12 +/- 5.94 years; BMI: 24.70 +/- 3.03 kg/cm2). Muscle thicknesses of the vastus medialis oblique (VMO), rectus femoris (RF), biceps femoris (BF), and semitendinosus-semimembranosus (SS) muscles were evaluated by ultrasonographic measurement. Muscle strength measurements using an isokinetic system were performed. RESULTS: VMO (p<0.001) and RF (p<0.001) muscle thickness were higher in the uninvolved limb than in the surgical limb. The concentric quadriceps muscle (p=0.029), eccentric quadriceps muscle (p=0.012), and eccentric hamstring muscle strengths (p=0.001) were significantly higher in uninvolved limb, which was similar concentric hamstring muscle strength (p>0.05). Muscle thickness and muscle strength of the control group and the surgical limbs were similar (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: An average of 3 years has passed since the operation; however, VMO and RF muscle atrophy and decreased hamstring and quadriceps muscle strength continued. These results revealed that the use of the limb, which has not fully achieved its functionality, is limited, and individuals try to compensate for this situation by the uninvolved limb.Öğe Static balance and proprioception evaluation in deaf national basketball players(Gdansk Univ Physical Education & Sport, 2021) Cobanoglu, Gamze; Suner-Keklik, Sinem; Gokdogan, Cagatay; Kafa, Nihan; Savas, Seyfi; Guzel, Nevin A.Background: Because of the proximity of anatomical structures involved in auditory and vestibular functions, complications concerning the inner ear may lead to problems involving both systems. This study investigated whether static balance and knee proprioception in deaf basketball players are different from those in individuals with normal hearing. Material and methods: 12 deaf national basketball players and 13 individuals with normal hearing were included. Static balance was evaluated using the Biodex-BioSway Balance System. Knee proprioception was assessed using a Dualer IQ Digital Inclinometer with the active angle repetition test. Results: The dominant-side mediolateral stability index and non-dominant-side overall, anteroposterior, and mediolateral stability index scores of deaf basketball players in the postural stability test were different compared with those of the individuals with normal hearing (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of knee proprioception (p>0.05). Conclusions: Although there was no difference in knee proprioception in deaf basketball players, it is noteworthy that their postural stability was more impaired compared with that in individuals with normal hearing. Despite regular exercise, deaf basketball players had poorer balance than individuals with normal hearing. Therefore, balance and vestibular exercises should be added to the training programs of these athletes.Öğe The Comparison of Flexibility and Isokinetic Shoulder Strength in Wheelchair and Able-bodied Basketball Players(2020) Çobanoğlu, Gamze; Güzel, Nevin Atalay; Seven, Barış; Kafa, Nihan; Keklik, Sinem Suner; Savaş, SeyfiObjective: The objective of this study is to compare theflexibility and strength of shoulder rotator cuff muscle of wheelchair basketball players (WBP), able-bodied basketball players (AB-BP) andhealthy sedentary individuals. Material and Method: We included 17WBP (in the age group of 22.5–39 years and a mean age of 28 years), 18AB-BP (in the age group of 19.5–22 years and a mean age of 21.5 years),and 17 sedentary individuals (in the age group of 25–29 years and a meanage of 26 years) as a control group (CG) in this study. We evaluated flexibility via Apley’s scratch test. Moreover, we measured the strength of theexternal rotator (ER) and internal rotator (IR) muscles with Cybex isokinetic dynamometer. Results: Apley’s scratch test showed a significantdifference among the three groups (p<0.05). The flexibility of shoulderrotator cuff muscle of WBP was found to be comparatively low than thatof AB-BP and CG. There was a significant difference in terms of concentric–eccentric ER and IR muscles strength (p<0.05); however, therewas no difference in terms of ER/IR ratio among the groups (p>0.05).Although there was no significant difference in terms of ER/IR ratio, thisratio was found to be lower in WBP than the normative values. The concentric-eccentric strength of shoulder rotator cuff muscles of WBP andAB-BP were similar and higher than those of CG. Conclusion: Inadequate flexibility and rotator cuff muscle imbalance are very important interms of injury risk. To reduce the risk of injury and improve athletic performance, these parameters should be evaluated and necessary exercisesshould be included in the programs in case of any deficits. Exercise forstretching the shoulder ER and IR muscles should be added in the training programs of WBP. Additionally, the exercises for strengthening theER muscle groups should also be included in the WBPs’ training programs to achieve the normative value.Öğe What is the Optimal Frequency for Ankle Muscles During Whole-Body Vibration Exercises?(Int Journal Applied Exercise Physiology, 2019) Tor, Omer Burak; Ecemis, Zeynep Berfu; Cobanoglu, Gamze; Suner-Keklik, Sinem; Kafa, Nihan; Soylu, Ruhi; Guzel, Nevin A.Usage of the whole-body vibration (WBV) is effective in preventing the ankle injuries caused by increasing neuromuscular activity. The aim of this study was to investigate effective frequencies for neuromuscular activity of ankle muscles. A single-group, repeated-measures study design was used. Twenty-three healthy subjects (age 23.91 +/- 3.07, BMI 22.66 +/- 3.39) participated in this study. This study investigated the effects of WBV on the EMG responses of the Tibialis Anterior (TA), Peroneus Longus (PL), Gastrocnemius Medial (GM) and Lateral heads (GL). The muscle activity was measured with an 8-channel EMG Noraxon MiniDTS system (Noraxon, USA, Inc, Scottsdale, AZ) during 0, 20, 40 and 60 Hz of vibration. The Physio Plate (R) vibration platform (Physio Plate (R), Domino S.R.L, San Vendemiano, Italy) was used to deliver mechanical vibration. Compared with no vibration condition; EMG activity of all ankle muscles were significantly increased from at 60 Hz (123 % in TA, 64 % in PL, 53 % in GM, 77 % in GL) (p<0.01). At 40 Hz of vibration frequency, EMG responses of GM and GL was significantly increased (27 % and 53%, respectively) (p<0.01). Only GL was significantly increased of 33 % at 20 Hz (p<0.01). It could be concluded that using higher frequencies at whole-body vibration exercises are more effective than lower frequencies on ankle muscles' EMG activities. During squat exercises on the WBV platform, higher frequencies should be used to increase ankle muscle activation.Öğe WHOLE-BODY VIBRATION EFFECT ON MUSCLE ACTIVATIONS: WHICH ONE IS THE MOST EFFECTIVE, LOW FREQUENCY OR HIGH FREQUENCY?(Turkey Assoc Physiotherapists, 2024) Ecemis, Zeynep Berfu; Tor, Omer Burak; Cobanoglu, Gamze; Suner-keklik, Sinem; Kafa, Nihan; Guzel, Nevin A.Purpose: Whole Body Vibration (WBV) is a practice that passively applies mechanical oscillations to an individual from a support surface. The tonic vibration reflex response depends on the vibration localization, frequency, amplitude, and initial length of the muscle, but there is no consensus on what the optimal frequency should be. This study was conducted to examine the activation differences of lower extremity muscles at low and high frequencies during squat exercise on WBV. Methods: This study involved 16 healthy individuals (Age = 23.66 +/- 2.33 years, Body Mass Index = 22.59 +/- 3.86 kg/m2). WBV application was performed on a vertical vibration platform (GLOBUS Physioplate (R)). Participants performed static half-squats on WBV for 20 seconds under vibrating (20 Hz and 60 Hz; 2-3 mm amplitude) conditions. An 8-channel Electromyography (EMG) Noraxon MiniDTS system was used to measure the activation of the Gluteus Medius (GMed), Gluteus Maximus (GMax), Vastus Lateralis (VL), and Vastus Medialis (VM) muscles. Results: It was observed that there was a difference between the two frequencies for the activation of the VM, VL, and GMed muscles (p = 0.004, 0.001, 0.002, respectively). Vibration frequencies of GMed, VL, and VM muscle activities at high frequency were increased compared to low frequency. GMax did not show any statistically significant change between the two vibration conditions (p=0.013). Conclusions: Physiotherapists and trainers should prefer high frequencies in WBV applications, especially when they need to improve the neuromuscular response in the quadriceps and gluteus medius muscles.
