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    EXERGY ANALYSIS OF A GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMP SYSTEM FOR COLD CLIMATIC CONDITION OF SIVAS, TURKEY
    (Univ Zagreb Fac Mechanical Engineering & Naval Architecture, 2021) Duman, Netice; Buyruk, Ertan; Acar, Halil Ibrahim; Caner, Mustafa; Kilinc, Ferhat; Can, Ahmet
    In the present study, exergy analysis of a ground source heat pump (GSHP) is performed. For this purpose, a horizontal type GSHP test system is installed at Sivas Cumhuriyet University in Sivas Province. GSHP system consists of three main circuits. These are the ground heat exchanger (GHE), the heat pump (HP) and the heating circuit. The temperatures and pressures are measured at the various points of the system. Besides, the mass flow rate of the working fluid circulating in the GHE, heat pump and heat circuit are measured. In addition, power consumption of the compressor and the pumps are measured. Measured data were recorded every minute. The test data used in the calculations are related to the coldest day, December 18, 2016. Exergy loss, exergy efficiency, exergy loss ratio and thermodynamic perfect degree for each element of the system are computed. Exergy efficiency and thermodynamic perfect degree of the system are calculated as 0.27 and 0.86 respectively.
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    Experimental and numerical investigation of convection heat transfer in a circular copper tube using graphene oxide nanofluid
    (Springer Heidelberg, 2020) Karabulut, Koray; Buyruk, Ertan; Kilinc, Ferhat
    To able to employ nanofluids in engineering applications, it is essential to investigate heat transfer properties in addition to thermophysical characteristics. In this work, the convection heat transfer coefficient of graphene oxide-distilled water nanofluid along a circular copper tube having a constant heat flux at the outside surface has been investigated both numerically and experimentally under turbulent flow regime. While the nanofluid convection heat transfer and head loss of pressure have been evaluated in the experimental section, the tube wall surface temperature, the convection heat transfer coefficient and friction factor have been obtained by using finite volume method in the numerical part with a three-dimensional domain by assuming single-phase flow. Surface and fluid temperatures and pressure drop of the distilled water have been acquired and compared with the related output from the correlation. Besides, the variations of the tube surface temperatures and the convection heat transfer coefficients of the nanofluids have been examined as numerical and experimental comparisons. The contours of the temperatures, convection heat transfer coefficients and pressure distributions for fluids have been presented. The convection heat transfer performances of the nanofluids according to the different volumetric flow rates, concentrations and the heat flux values have been exhibited in this study. The heat transfer coefficient increment value for the nanofluid of 0.02 vol% concentration and with a flow rate of 1.5 l/min (Re=5032) has been obtained as about 48% for 5073.244 W/m(2) (350 W) heat flux according to the distilled water.
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    Experimental investigation of cooling performance with graphene based nano-fluids in a vehicle radiator
    (Springer, 2020) Kilinc, Ferhat; Buyruk, Ertan; Karabulut, Koray
    The cooling performance of a vehicle radiator was experimentally investigated using pure water, graphene oxide (GO) and graphene nano ribon (GNR) nano-fluids in this paper. Three different fluid inlet temperatures (36, 40 and 44 degrees C) and four different flow rates (0.6, 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9 m(3) h(-1)) were performed in the experiments. GO and GNR nano-fluids were obtained at 0.01 and 0.02% vol. concentrations by means of pure water as a base fluid. In order to determine the heat transfer enhancement, the experimental datas were compared as overall heat transfer coefficients (U) for pure water and nano-fluids. The mean enhancement values of U for all temperatures were obtained as 5.41% and 26.08% for 0.01% and 0.02% vol. concentrations of GO/water nano-fluid and 15.62% and 20.64% for 0.01% and 0.02% vol. concentrations of GNR/water nano-fluid, respectively.
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    Heating and Cooling Performance Analysis of the Horizontal Ground Source Heat Pump for Sivas Conditions
    (Gazi Univ, 2019) Kilinc, Ferhat; Buyruk, Ertan; Caner, Mustafa
    In this experimental study, a horizontal ground source heat pump was applied to a total of 51.3 m(3) volume consisting of two rooms and the performance analysis for heating and cooling in Sivas province were investigated. The values obtained on 16 December and 29 June which were typical winter/summer days were used for heating and cooling in winter and summer data measurements. In this way, it is aimed to determine the behavioral characteristics of the ground source heat pump application in Sivas province. The indoor and outdoor temperatures, ground temperatures measured at 4 different depths and the inlet and outlet temperatures of the heat pump elements were recorded. The measured datas were used to calculate the coefficient of performance values of the system and heat pump. By using the experimental datas, the average coefficient of performance values in heating mode were calculated as 2.10 and 1.83 for the heat pump and the system respectively, and also in cooling mode 4.79 for the heat pump and 3.86 for the system respectively. In addition, the average value of the heating power consumption for the heat pump was 2.83 kW and the average value of the cooling power consumption was 1.69 kW.