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    Comparison of Two Pancreatic Anastomosis Techniques in terms of Postoperative Complications After Pancreaticoduodenectomy
    (Aves, 2021) Koc, Suleyman; Dirican, Abuzer; Soyer, Vural; Ara, Cengiz; Yologlu, Saim; Yilmaz, Sezai
    Objective: in this retrospective study, we compared the postoperative complications by using both the Clavien-Dindo classification and the Revised 2016 International Study Group on Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS) classification methods after pancreaticoduodenectomy. Materials and Methods: The data of patients were retrospectively reviewed. Pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) and pancreaticogastrostomy (PG) were performed on 41 and 40 patients, respectively. The patients were assigned into two groups for anastomosis types and compared with each other according to postoperative complications. The postoperative follow-up period of the patients was limited to 90 days. Results: No significant difference was detected between the two groups in terms of gender (P = 581) and age (P = .809). According to the Clavien-Dindo classification system, grade I complication rates were 29.3% and 35.0% in. PJ and PG groups. respectively. Also, grade 2 complication rates were 34.1% and 325% in PJ and PG groups, respectively. Besides, grade 3B complication rates were 9.8% and 17.5% in PJ and PG groups, respectively. No grade 3A, grade 4A, and grade 4B complications were detected in both groups. But, grade 5 complications rates were 2.4% and 5.0% in 11 and PG groups, respectively. Based on the ISGPS classification system, the pancreatic fistulas were classified. The biochemical leak rates were calculated as 26.8% and 37.5% in PJ and PG groups, respectively. The rates were 14.6% and 10% in PJ and PG groups, respectively, for grade B complications. Also, grade C complication rates were 9.75% and 115% in. PJ and PG groups, respectively. No statistically significant differences were detected between the two groups for postoperative complications. Conclusion: The evidence from this retrospective study suggests that there is no difference between the two types of pancreatic anastomosis techniques (PJ or PG) in terms of the rate of postoperative complications.
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    Hepatoprotective effects of N-acetylcysteine on liver injury by irisin upregulation and oxidative stress reduction in diabetic rats
    (Springeropen, 2023) Erdogan, Mehmet Mustafa; Erdogan, Mehmet Ali; Koc, Suleyman; Yalcin, Alper; Turk, Ahmet; Yetkin, Esra Akkus
    BackgroundThe current study aimed to investigate the oxidative stress in rat liver with diabetes mellitus (DM) as well as the protective effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on irisin expression.MethodsTwenty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into four groups, 7 rats in each group, and 30-day regimens of experimental or control groups. NAC-treated group is as follows: 100 mg/kg once daily was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.). Diabetes-induced group is as follows: single-dose intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (50 mg/kg) was used to induce DM in overnight fasting Wistar rats. By determining blood glucose concentration in STZ-induced rats 72 h after injection of STZ, DM was assessed. DM + NAC group is as follows: STZ-induced DM plus NAC is described previously. On the 30th day of the experiment, liver samples were collected after fasting and anesthesia. Biochemical analyses were performed to measure total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Each liver sample was weighed and then prepared for histopathologic evaluation by light microscopy.ResultsThere was a statistically significant decrease in TAS levels and an increase in TOS and MDA levels in the DM group compared to the control group. In contrast, TOS and MDA levels were found significantly decreased, and TAS levels increased in the serum and liver tissues of the DM + NAC group compared to the DM group. Liver samples were also used for histopathological examination using hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining. STZ-induced liver damage was detected as oxidative stress, increased irisin immunoreactivity, sinusoidal dilatation, and hepatocyte degeneration. In the DM + NAC group, it was observed that NAC significantly reduced the aforementioned histopathological changes due to STZ.ConclusionIn the early period of diabetes, due to the antioxidant properties of irisin related to the sudden response of liver tissue to oxidative stress, it is thought that the immunoreactivity in the tissue increases in the early period. As a result, NAC in diabetic rat liver tissue was found to suppress oxidative damage and irisin immunoreactivity.
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    Investigation of gene expression levels in thyroid tissues of rats treated with Wi-Fi electromagnetic wave (2.4-3 GHz Wi-Fi RF-EMF)
    (Elsevier, 2023) Serin, Musa; Soylu, Sinan; Dastan, Sevgi Durna; Koc, Suleyman; Kurt, Atilla
    In this study, it was aimed to examine the effects of wireless waves applied to rats in the thyroid tissue by evaluating gene expression levels on 12 determined gene regions. 20 healthy 16-week-old Wistar albino female rats weighting 200-220 g were used. In the experiments, two groups, control and experimental groups, were formed, and ten female rats were used in each group. While WI-FI electromagnetic field was applied to the experimental group of these rats, nothing was applied to the control group. Many different gene regions, including beta catenin, beta-actin, GAPDH, L3B, HIF 1-Alpha, GSk-3B, TCF, WNT7a, WNT10a, WNT2, Beclin 1 and Beclin 2, ATG5 and ATG12, were investigated. ACTB and GAPDH gene primers were used as a house keeping gene. The fold change values were calculated statistically from the data obtained from the gene expression re-sults. Compared to the control group, it was observed that the experimental group had significant increases in gene expression levels of many gene regions investigated in the study (P<0.05). Among the study groups, 12 different genes such as beta catenin, beta-actin, GAPDH, L3B, HIF 1-Alpha, GSk-3B, TCF, WNT7a, WNT10a, WNT2, Beclin 1 and Beclin 2, ATG5 and ATG12, which we have determined according to the literature, are known to be related to autophagy and oxidative stress. When the expression levels were investigated, it was determined that the expression coefficients of all the genes studied in the wnt/ss catenin pathway in the experimental group of rats exposed to the Wi-Fi EM field, except for ATG5 and ATG12, were quite high, and there was significant differences between the groups.
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    Protective Effect of Melatonin and Mycophenolate Mofetil Against Nephrotoxicity Induced by Tacrolimus in Wistar Rats
    (Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2022) Koc, Suleyman; Aktas, Ahmet; Sahin, Bilal; Ozkaraca, Mustafa
    Although Tacrolimus (TAC) is a potent and well-tolerated drug, it has some side effects. Melatonin and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) have some protective properties against drug-induced damage. We aimed to evaluate TAC-induced nephrotoxicity and the protective effect of melatonin and MMF against this injury in rats. The animals were divided into five equal groups (n): Control group (untreated), group II TAC, group III as the TAC + melatonin, group IV as the TAC + MMF, and group V as the TAC + melatonin + MMF. TAC was applied orally, 2 mg/kg once daily. Melatonin and MMF were applied orally 10 mg/kg once and 40 mg/kg once daily, respectively. In the TAC group, kidney tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidative status (TOS), interleukin-1, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels were higher, and catalase and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels were lower. Severe histopathologic changes such as glomerular congestion, intertubular hemorrhage, hyaline formation, degenerative-necrotic tubules epithelium, and mononuclear cell infiltration were seen in the TAC group. There was a clear improvement in the groups in which melatonin and MMF were used together with TAC. It was shown that TAC causes nephrotoxicity through oxidative stress. Melatonin and MMF together or separately protect the kidney against oxidative stress damage caused by TAC.
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    Protective effect of ursodeoxycholic acid and resveratrol against tacrolimus induced hepatotoxicity
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Koc, Suleyman; Aktas, Ahmet; Sahin, Bilal; Ozer, Hatice; Zararsiz, Gozde Erturk
    Tacrolimus (TAC) is a potent and well-tolerated immunosuppressive drug, but serious side effects including nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity have been reported. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and resveratrol (RSV) exhibit hepatoprotective effects in liver diseases. We investigated the hepatoprotective effect of UDCA and RSV against TAC induced hepatotoxicity. We divided 40 male rats into five equal groups: A) control group, B) TAC group, C) TAC + UDCA group, D) TAC + RSV group, E) TAC + UDCA + RSV group. We administered 0.5 mg/kg TAC once daily, 25 mg/kg UDCA twice daily and 10 mg/kg RSV once daily. The drugs in the experimental groups were given by gavage from the first day of the study and continued for 21 days. Histopathologic and biochemical analyses were performed on day 22. In group B, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), total oxidative status (TOS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were higher compared to group A, and catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels and total antioxidant status (TAS) were lower compared to group A. Severe cellular swelling, degeneration and focal necrosis were more evident in group B than in groups C-E. Histopathological improvement was observed in groups C-E, where UDCA and RSV were combined, compared to group B. We found that UDCA and RSV, together or separately, protected the liver against oxidative stress damage caused by TAC.
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    The Role of Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratios in Predicting H Pylori Positivity and Severity in Patients with Chronic Gastritis
    (Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 2022) Koc, Suleyman; Gedikli, Mustafa Asım
    Objective: Chronic gastritis is one of the most common diseases in the World. It is estimated that more than half of the World's population will have chronic gastritis at any time in life. H pylori are the most common cause of chronic gastritis. In the previous studies, WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte, PLT, and mean platelet volume (MPV) values and their ratios are used as inflammatory indicators. Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is among the most critical indicators. This study aimed to show whether there is a relationship between H pylori positivity and severity and these parameters in patients who underwent Upper Gastrointestinal system endoscopy.Method: The files of 1689 patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were scanned for this study. According to laboratory results and pathology reports, the patients were divided into H pylori positivity and non-H pylori positivity. The hemogram results of the patients in both groups were examined, and neutrophil, lymphocyte, thrombocyte values were recorded. NLR and PLR were calculated. Results: 722 (42.7%) of the patients were male, and 967 (57.3%) were female. While H pylori were positive in 838 (49.6%) patients, 851 (50.4%) patients did not have H pylori positivity. Among H pylori-positive patients, 407 patients (48%) had mild, 280 (33%) moderate H pylori positivity, and 151 patients (19%) had severe H pylori positivity. When the patients were divided into mild, moderate, and severe groups according to H pylori positivity, NLR and PLR were statistically significantly lower as H pylori severity increased. On the other hand, when both groups were compared according to H pylori positivity, no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of age, albumin, AST, ALT, WBC, Neutrophil, PLT, NLR, PLR values.Conclusions: Our study found that NLR and PLR values were statistically significantly lower as H pylori severity increased. Therefore, when we evaluate our results in light of the literature, we assume that it is more appropriate to use PLR and NLR values together rather than separately as inflammatory markers regarding H pylori severity.