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    Chemistry of Protein-Phenolic Interactions Toward the Microbiota and Microbial Infections
    (Frontiers Media Sa, 2022) Yilmaz, Hilal; Gultekin Subasi, Busra; Celebioglu, Hasan Ufuk; Ozdal, Tugba; Capanoglu, Esra
    Along with health concerns, interest in plants as food and bioactive phytochemical sources has been increased in the last few decades. Phytochemicals as secondary plant metabolites have been the subject of many studies in different fields. Breakthrough for research interest on this topic is re-juvenilized with rising relevance in this global pandemics' era. The recent COVID-19 pandemic attracted the attention of people to viral infections and molecular mechanisms behind these infections. Thus, the core of the present review is the interaction of plant phytochemicals with proteins as these interactions can affect the functions of co-existing proteins, especially focusing on microbial proteins. To the best of our knowledge, there is no work covering the protein-phenolic interactions based on their effects on microbiota and microbial infections. The present review collects and defines the recent data, representing the interactions of phenolic compounds -primarily flavonoids and phenolic acids- with various proteins and explores how these molecular-level interactions account for the human health directly and/or indirectly, such as increased antioxidant properties and antimicrobial capabilities. Furthermore, it provides an insight about the further biological activities of interacted protein-phenolic structure from an antiviral activity perspective. The research on the protein-phenolic interaction mechanisms is of great value for guiding how to take advantage of synergistic effects of proteins and polyphenolics for future medical and nutritive approaches and related technologies.
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    Propolis and gastrointestinal tract diseases
    (Elsevier, 2022) Gültekin Subaşı, Büşra; Ozdal, Tugba; Capanoglu, Esra
    Propolis, the resinous “bee glue,” has been investigated widely due to its bioactive phytochemicals and potential to treat various diseases. Gastrointestinal tract disorders are among the severe diseases that many individuals suffer as either recoverable in specific periods or for life-long situations. From the loss of daily-life quality to life-threatening severe cases, gastrointestinal tract disorders have a wide range of symptoms usually palliated by medication; however, those rarely target to cure the origin of a disease or reverse the pathologic lesions. Symptom palliation and/or suppression might cause many other undesired side effects which may require different medication. Propolis has a significant potential to treat these challenging diseases instead of suppressing the symptoms. The present chapter covers the potential effects of propolis bioactive compounds and phytochemicals with their brief mechanism of action on oral mucositis, gastrointestinal cancers, inflammatory bowel disease, and antiulcer activity. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.