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Öğe A RARE CAUSE OF ACUTE ABDOMINAL PAIN: THE OMENTAL TORSION(Emergency Medicine Physicians Assoc Turkey, 2019) Cankorkmaz, Levent; Ozer, Hatice; Tekin, Yusuf KenanIntroduction: Omental torsion represents the rotation of the omentum on its long axis. It is a rare cause of acute abdominal pain and can mimic clinically many diseases. In this case report, a boy with omental torsion which was detected during laparotomy. Case report: We report a case of primary torsion in a nine-year-old boy who presented with abdominal pain on the right lower abdominal area. The abdominal pain was initially localized to right lower quadrant. Physical examination which revealed tenderness in the right lower quadrant. The patient did not have rebound tenderness. Ultrasonography findings were normal except minimal free fluid in abdomen. The patient had undergone laparotomy. Rotation of greater omentum was seen during operation. Appendectomy and partial omentectomy was performed. Conclusion: Typical symptom of acute appendicitis begin as periumbilical or epigastric pain migrating to the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. This pain migration is the most discriminating feature of the patient's history. Primary omental torsion should be kept in mind as an unusual cause of acute abdominal pain. Especially, if the patient's abdominal pain initial location right lower quadrant.Öğe Acute appendicitis coexisting with Meckel's diverticulitis: case report(GALENOS YAYINCILIK, 2010) Cankorkmaz, Levent; Ozer, Hatice; Cakar, Murat; Koyluoglu, GokhanWe present here a case with acute appendicitis and Meckel's diverticulitis which was clinically diagnosed as acute abdomen preoperatively. An eleven-year-old boy was found to have Meckel's diverticulitis coexisting with acute appendicitis. Although appendicitis coexisting with Meckel's diverticulitis is extremely rare, we suggest that the surgeon must bear it in mind during an acute appendicitis operation. If the surgeon overlooks it, the patient undergoing surgery may experience grave consequences. (Turk Arch Ped 2010; 45: 371-2)Öğe ADAM10 expression in gastric adenocarcinoma: Results of a curative gastrectomy cohort(Professional Medical Publications, 2021) Alakus, Huseyin; Kaya, Mustafa; Ozer, Hatice; Egilmez, Hatice Reyhan; Karadayi, KursatObjective: Gastric cancer is among the most common human cancers with high mortality rates. ADAM10, a member of the ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) family has also been found to be associated with gastric carcinoma and has been suggested as a potential therapeutic target. Here, we investigated the association of ADAM10 expression with prognosis in gastric adenocarcinoma patients that underwent gastric resection with D2 lymph node dissection. Methods: Total 86 consecutive patients that underwent resection for gastric adenocarcinoma were included. Immunohistochemical ADAM10 expression and its association with clinicopathological parameters were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses and survival analyses were performed using SPSS ver.22. Results: High grade tumors, advanced stage tumors and diffuse type tumors showed significantly worse prognosis. A statistically significant association between ADAM10 expression and overall survival (OS) was observed in the univariate analysis, however, this association did not maintain its significance in the multivariate analysis. No statistically significant association was found ADAM-10 expression and clinicopathological parameters. Conclusion: Immunohistochemical ADAM10 expression may be used as a prognostic marker in gastric adenocarcinoma, however, introduction of a standardized immunohistochemical scoring system seems to be necessary for evaluation of ADAM10 staining.Öğe Alendronate enhances osseous healing in a rat calvarial defect model(PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2012) Toker, Hulya; Ozdemir, Hakan; Ozer, Hatice; Eren, KayaAim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of alendronate on osseous wound healing in an experimental model. Methods: Critical size defects were created in calvaria of 40 male Wistar rats. The animals were divided into four groups of 10 animals each: autogenous bone graft group; autogenous bone graft with systemic alendronate group (0.01 mg /kg body weight per day for 8 weeks); autogenous bone graft with local alendronate group (1 mg/mL for 5 min); non-treatment (control) group. Animals were sacrificed after 8 weeks; osteoblast number, lamellar bone formation, and area of newly formed bone were analysed. Results: The osteoblast number significantly increased in the autogenous bone graft with local alendronate group compared to the autogenous bone graft group (p < 0.05). Both systemic and local application of the alendronate significantly increased the new bone formation compared to the autogenous bone graft group (p < 0.05) with no significant difference between local or systemic use (p > 0.05). Local alendronate and autogenous bone graft use significantly increased the total bone area compared to autogenous bone graft alone (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Alendronate enhances the new bone formation by autogenous bone graft in the rat calvarial defect model suggesting that the inhibition of the osteoclastic activity allows an increased rate of bone apposition, which could be applicable to the inflammation-induced destruction of the periodontal tissues during disease. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Amyand's hernia in the children: A single center experience(MOSBY-ELSEVIER, 2010) Cankorkmaz, Levent; Ozer, Hatice; Guney, Cengiz; Atalar, Mehmet H.; Arslan, Mehmet S.; Koyluoglu, GokhanBackground. The presence of a vermiform appendix in an inguinal hernial sac is termed Amyand's hernia. It may present as a tender inguinal or inguinoscrotal swelling, and it is often misdiagnosed as an incarcerated or strangulated hernia. Methods. Between 1998 and 2006, we have managed 564 patients with acute appendicitis, 1, 090 patients with inguinal hernia, 33 patients with incarcerated. inguinal hernia, and 12 patients with Amyand's hernia on our pediatric surgery service. A retrospective analysis of clinical data of these patients with Amyand's hernia was performed. Results. All patients with Amyand's hernia were boys with a median. age of 40 days (range, 15 days-14 months). One patient's condition was diagnosed pre-operatively. All of them, therefore, underwent emergency operation with a presumptive diagnosis of either incarcerated or strangulated inguinal hernia. Operative findings included 2 normal appendices, 6 inflamed appendices, and 4 appendices with external signs of serosal inflamation of uncertain significance in the inguinal hernial sac. Two patients with a normal appendix had hernia repair without an appendectomy. The other 10 patients with an abnormal appendix underwent an emergency open appendectomy with repair of the inguinal hernia. None of the patients developed recurrent hernia. The median postoperative follow-up period was 2.5 years. Conclusion. In pediatric patients with Amyand's hernia, the inflammatory status of the appendix can be used to determine the type of hernia repair and the operative approach. Incidental appendectomy in the case of a normal appendix is not favored by us. Treatment includes appendectomy (via the hernia sac) and hernia repair in children with an inflamed appendix. (Surgery 2010;147:140-3.)Öğe Antitumoral effects of Allium sivasicum on breast cancer in vitro and in vivo(SPRINGER, 2013) Tepe, Bektas; Tuncer, Ersin; Saraydin, Serpil Unver; Ozer, Hatice; Sen, Metin; Karadayi, Kursat; Inan, Deniz Sahin; Karadayi, Sule; Polat, Zubeyde; Akpulat, Askin; Duman, Mustafa; Koksal, Binnur; Turan, MustafaThis work aims to investigate the antiproliferative properties of Allium sivasicum (AS) on breast cancer. AS extracts were studied for cytotoxicity against the breast cancer cell lines. In vitro apoptosis studies of breast cancer cells were performed by annexin V staining in flow cytometry analyses. AS showed cytotoxicity to three cancer cell lines. Annexin-positive cells level in AS treated cell lines were higher than the untreated control cells. The expressions of caspase-7 protein and TUNEL positive cells were much higher for the rats treated by AS, compared with the untreated control group. The expressions of the Ki-67 decreased in treatment groups compared with the control group. In vivo studies showed that mean tumor volume inhibition ratio in AS treated group was 38 % compared with the untreated rats. These results indicate that A. sivasicum has antitumoral potential against breast cancer.Öğe Antitumoral Effects of Melissa officinalis on Breast Cancer in Vitro and in Vivo(ASIAN PACIFIC ORGANIZATION CANCER PREVENTION, 2012) Saraydin, Serpil Unver; Tuncer, Ersin; Tepe, Bektas; Karadayi, Sule; Ozer, Hatice; Sen, Metin; Karadayi, Kursat; Inan, Deniz; Elagoz, Sahande; Polat, Zubeyde; Duman, Mustafa; Turan, MustafaBackground: There is a long standing interest in the identification of medicinal plants and derived natural products for developing cancer therapeutics. Here we investigated the antiproliferative properties of Melissa officinalis (MO) from Turkey on breast cancer. Methods: MO extracts were studied for cytotoxicity against breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231). In vitro apoptosis studies were performed by annexin V staining and flow cytometry analyses. Immunohistochemistry for Ki-67 and caspase 7 in the tumoral tissue sections of DMBA-induced mammary tumors in rats was also performed, along with TUNEL assays to detect apoptotic cells. In vivo anticancer activity testing was carried out with reference to inhibition of growth of DMBA induced mammary tumors in rats. Results: MO showed cytotoxicity against three cancer cell lines, inducing increase in Annexin-positive cells. Expression of caspase-7 protein and TUNEL positive cells were much higher in rats treated by MO, compared with the untreated control group, while expression of Ki-67 was decreased. Furthermore, in vivo studies showed that mean tumor volume inhibition ratio in MO treated group was 40% compared with the untreated rats. Conclusion: These results indicated that MO extrcts have antitumoral potential against breast cancer.Öğe Antitumoral effects of Salvia absconditiflora Greuter & Burdet syn. Salvia cryptantha Montbret & Aucher ex Benth. on Breast cancer(NATL INST SCIENCE COMMUNICATION-NISCAIR, 2013) Ozer, Hatice; Altun, Ahmet; Saraydin, Serpil Unver; Soylu, Sinan; Goktas, Selcuk; Tuncer, Ersin; Inan, Deniz Sahin; Koksal, Binnur; Temiz, Tijen Kaya; Tepe, Bektas; Sen, Metin; Karadayi, Kursat; Turan, MustafaThis work aims to investigate the antiproliferative properties of Salvia cryptantha on breast cancer. Salvia cryptantha (SC) extracts were studied for cytotoxicity against the breast cancer cell lines. In-vitro apoptosis studies of breast cancer cells were performed by nnexin V staining in flow cytometry analyses Immunohistochemistry studies for Ki-67 and p16 in the tumoral tissue sections of Dimethyl Benzanthracene (DMBA) induced mammary tumor in rats were performed. In-vivo anticancer activity testing was carried out by inhibiting the growth of mammary tumor in rats. SC showed cytotoxicity to three cancer cell lines. Annexin-positive cells level in SC treated cell lines were higher than the untreated control cells. The expression of the Ki-67 decreased in treatment groups compared with the control group. The expression of p16 protein was much higher for the rats treated by SC, compared with the untreated control group. In vivo studies showed that mean tumor volume inhibition ratio in SC treated group was 38 % compared with the untreated rats. These results indicate that Salvia cryptantha has antitumoral potential against breast cancer.Öğe Can local administration of humic acid shorten recovery time of mandibular fractures? Experimental study(DEOMED PUBL, ISTANBUL, 2017) Durmus, Kasim; Bora, Adem; Dogan, Mehtap; Ozer, Hatice; Tuncer, Ersin; Altuntas, Emine ElifObjective: The aim of the present pilot study was to evaluate the effects of a single local dose administration of humic acid on healing of subcondylar mandibular fractures in rats. Methods: In this study, a randomized experimental protocol was used. The study was conducted with 16 male Wistar-albino rats that were 16-18 weeks old. The rats (n=16) were randomly divided into two groups: Group HA received humic acid (0.3 cc/site, n=8) and Group C received no additional medical administration (control group, n=8). A full-thickness surgical osteotomy was performed in the subcondylar area. A single dose of humic acid (0.3 cc/site) was administered locally by spraying on the bone surfaces of the fracture line. Mandible was dissected on postoperative day 21. Then, fractured hemimandibles were obtained for histopathological examination. Results: The median score of bone fracture healing was 7.16 (range: 7 to 8) in the Group HA and 7.50 (range: 7 to 8) in the Group C. When the groups were compared in terms of bone healing scores, there was no statistical difference between the Group HA and the Group C (p>0.05). Conclusion: Results of this study showed that local administration of humic acid was not efficient for healing of bone fractures. However, we are of the opinion that it is required to conduct more comprehensive studies, including humic acid's different concentrations and administration manners, evaluating the effects of humic acid on tissue both histopathologically and in terms of inflammatory and proinflammatory cytokine levels.Öğe A case of spinal extradural angiolipoma(DRUNPP-SARAJEVO, 2012) Ozer, Hatice; Tuncer, Ersin; Gurelik, Mustafa; Oztoprak, Ibrahim; Egilmez, Reyhan; Ozum, UnalAngiolipoma is a benign tumor composed of mature adipocytes admixed with vascular elements. This article presents a case of spinal extradural angiolipoma in 52-year-old man, who underwent surgical treatment with preoperational diagnosis of schwannoma. This rare clinical entity must be considered in the differential diagnosis for any spinal epidural lesion.Öğe CD44 and Ki67 expression in gastric adenocarcinomas (correlation with clinicopathologic parameters)(De Gruyter Open Ltd, 2006) Arici, D. Sema; Kivanc, Fugen; Ozer, Hatice; Egilmez, Reyhan; Elagoz, SahandeCD44, a cell adhesion molecule, has been proposed to be important in promoting tumor progression and dissemination. There are many studies about expression of CD44 in many tumors such as gastrointestinal tract, lung, cervix, and liver. Different data have been found about CD44 expression. Ki67 is an indicator that is used to predict the proliferative capacity as well as the prognosis of tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of CD44 and Ki67 in gastric carcinoma and their relationship between clinicopathologic parameters such as grade, depth of invasion, lymph node metastases and vascular invasion. Immunohistochemical study for CD44 was carried out in 48 formaldehyde fixed, paraffin embedded sections of gastric carcinoma. The results showed that, CD44 and Ki67 did not correlate with the clinicopathologic parameters except grade. High levels of CD44 and Ki67 expressions observed with higher grades. It is concluded that CD44 and Ki67 may be related with the differentiation of gastric carcinoma however they are not correlated with the tumor progression and dissemination. However further studies are required to understand the role of CD44 in metastases and progression of gastric carcinoma.Öğe CD44, membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase (MTI-MMP) and KI-67 expression in astrocytic tumors(SPRINGER, 2007) Kivanc, Fugen; Egilmez, H. Reyhan; Tuncer, Ersin; Ozer, Hatice; Karadag, Ozen; Goze, O. Fahrettin…Öğe Chordoid Meningioma - A Case Report: Clinicopathological Features and Differential Diagnosis of an Uncommon Tumor(DE GRUYTER OPEN LTD, 2016) Ozer, Hatice; Tuncer, Ersin; Saray, Gonul; Gurelik, Mustafa; Oztoprak, Ibrahim; Egilmez, ReyhanMeningiomas are tumors that originate from the arachnoid cell and the majority are benign and grade I tumors according to World Health Organization. Chordoid meningioma is an uncommon variant of meningioma and corresponds to grade II tumor in the World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Nervous System 2007 because of its more aggressive behavior and increased likelihood of recurrence. A 75-year-old female was referred to the neurosurgery department complaining of headache, syncope, and seizure. Radiological examination revealed a mass lesion in the neighbourhood of the frontal lobe that destructed bone and was associated with peritumoral edema. The patient underwent surgery. The tumor was totally excised with the dura beneath. Histopathological examination showed that the tumor was composed of clusters and cords of small polygonal cells with fine chromatin and eosinophilic vacuolated cytoplasm embedded in a myxoid matrix, and also focal whorls of spindle-shaped cells. Two mitoses were seen in 10 high power fields. Vascular proliferation was observed in some tumoral areas. Bone invasion was present. Immunohistochemical analysis of the tumor cells revealed widespread strong membranous and cytoplasmic expression of epithelial membrane antigen. The Ki67 labeling index was 6-8%. All of these findings were consistent with a diagnosis of chordoid meningioma, the neoplasm was identified as grade II based on the World Health Organization Classification, 2007. In this report we present a case of chordoid meningioma without classical radiological findings of meningioma with areas of vascular proliferation that mimicked glial tumors at histopathologic examination.Öğe A comparative evaluation of the systemic and local alendronate treatment in synthetic bone graft: a histologic and histomorphometric study in a rat calvarial defect model(ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2012) Toker, Hulya; Ozdemir, Hakan; Ozer, Hatice; Eren, KayaObjective. The purpose of this study was to compare the relative efficacy of systemic and local alendronate treatment of synthetic bone graft in a rat calvarial defect model. Study Design. Forty Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: experimental animals received alendronate systemically or locally combined with micro-macroporous biphasic calcium phosphate (MBCP) graft material. In the control group, the defect was left empty. On each animal, a 5-mm standardized bone defect was created with a standard trephine bur in calvarium. All animals were killed after 8 weeks. The number of osteoclasts, osteoclast morphology, resorption lacunae, osteoblastic activity, and lamellar bone formation were histopathologically evaluated and the newly formed bone area was analyzed histomorphometrically. Results. Eight weeks after surgery, the number of osteoclasts and the resorption lacunae in the MBCP group using systemic alendronate therapy was significantly higher than those of the other groups (P < .05). Osteoblast number in the MBCP group using systemic alendronate treatment was significantly increased (P < .05). No significant difference was found among all MBCP groups using local or systemic alendronate treatments with regard to new bone formation (P > .05). Conclusions. Within the limits of the study, alendronate, when administered systemically or locally, did not increase bone regeneration with MBCP graft in the rat calvarial defect model. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2012;114(suppl 5):S146-S152)Öğe Effect of Extracorporeal Shock Waves on Subcondylar Mandibular Fractures(LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, 2012) Altuntas, Emine Elif; Oztemur, Zekeriya; Ozer, Hatice; Muderris, SuphiObjective: The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on healing of subcondylar mandibular fracture in rats. Methods: Unilateral subcondylar fracture in 20 Wistar albino rats was used as a fracture model. Each rat was anesthetized 1 day after surgery, and extracorporeal shock wave therapy was performed. On the 21st day after surgery, animals were killed. Mandibles were dissected, all soft tissues were removed after sacrifice, and fractured and nonfractured hemimandibles were obtained from each rat. Histologic analyses were performed by a single pathologist blinded to the samples. Results: The specimens' mean score in bone fracture healing was 7 (1.09) (range, 6-9) in group 1 and 2.57 (1.62) (range, 1-6) in group 2. With respect to the specimens' bone fracture healing score, there was a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups. Conclusions: As a result, our study showed that extracorporeal shock wave therapy accelerated the improvement of fractures in experimentally induced subcondylar mandibular fracture in the rat mandible. We believe that reducing the duration of improvement in subcondylar mandibular fractures by intermaxillary fixation along with extracorporeal shock wave theraphy would contribute to preventing complications such as ankylosis, fibrosis, and hypomobility occuring because of prolonged fixation.Öğe Effect of imatinib on growth of experimental endometriosis in rats(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2016) Yildiz, Caglar; Kacan, Turgut; Akkar, Ozlem Bozoklu; Karakus, Savas; Seker, Metin; Kacan, Selen Baloglu; Ozer, Hatice; Cetin, AliObjective: Currently, medical and surgical treatment options for endometriosis are limited due to suboptimal efficacy, and also safety and tolerance issues. Long-term use of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogs, androgenes, and the danazol, which are widely used drugs for endometriosis, is usually not possible due to their suboptimal safety and tolerance profile. The lack of an effective, tolerable and safe treatment option for endometriosis makes animal models of experimental endometriosis necessary to study candidate drugs. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of imatinib on the experimental endometriosis in a rat model. Study design: Endometriosis was induced by autotransplantation of uterine tissue into the peritoneal cavity. Twenty-four rats, which had visually confirmed endometriotic implants on subsequent laparotomy, were randomized into three groups to receive imatinib (25 mg/kg/day, p.o.), anastrozole (0.004 mg/day, p.o.), or normal saline (0.1 mL, i.p.) for 14 days. After removal of endometriotic tissue and H & E staining, endometriosis score was determined according to a semiquantitative histological classification. Also, immunostaining with primary antibodies including VEGF, CD117, and Bax were used for immunohistochemical (IHC) examination. Results: Both anastrozole and imatinib suppressed the growth of endometriotic tissue and reduced the number of ovarian follicles. Although the difference was not statistically significant, imatinib was less effective than anastrozole for treatment of endometriosis. Conclusion: Imatinib effectively treats experimental endometriosis by its inhibitor effects on angiogenesis and cell proliferation. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Effects of boric acid on experimental periodontitis and alveolar bone loss in rats(PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2012) Demirer, Serhat; Kara, M. Isa; Erciyas, Kamile; Ozdemir, Hakan; Ozer, Hatice; Ay, SinanObjective: The goal of the present study was to evaluate the histopathologic and morphometric effects of systemic boric acid in a rat periodontitis model. Design: Twenty-four Wistar rats were divided into three groups of eight animals each: non-ligated (NL), ligature only (LO), and ligature and treated with boric acid (BA) (3 mg/kg per day for 11 days). A 4/0 silk suture was placed in a subgingival position around the mandibular first molars; after 11 days the rats were sacrificed, and changes in alveolar bone levels were measured clinically and tissues were histopathologically examined to assess the differences amongst the study groups. Results: The ratio of presence of inflammatory cell infiltration (ICI) and osteoclast number in the LO group was significantly higher than that of the NL and BA groups (p < 0.05). The ratio of presence of osteoblastic activity in the LO group was significantly lower than that of the NL and BA groups (p < 0.05). Alveolar bone loss was also significantly higher in the LO group compared to the BA and NL groups (p < 005). Conclusions: This study has demonstrated that systemic administration of boric acid reduced periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone loss in periodontal disease in rats. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Effects of Pazopanib, Sunitinib, and Sorafenib, Anti-VEGF Agents, on the Growth of Experimental Endometriosis in Rats(SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC, 2015) Yildiz, Caglar; Kacan, Turgut; Akkar, Ozlem Bozoklu; Karakus, Savas; Kacan, Selen Baloglu; Ozer, Hatice; Cetin, AliWe aimed to compare the effects of pazopanib, sunitinib, and sorafenib on endometriotic tissue morphology and histological characteristics as well as ovarian reserve in a rat model. Experimental endometriosis was established in 32 rats. They were randomly divided into 4 groups (8 rats for each group) to administer study drugs: pazopanib, sunitinib, sorafenib, and normal saline. Histological examination with hematoxylin and eosin staining to determine endometriosis score and immunostaining with primary vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CD117, and Bax antibodies were performed. Bilateral ovaries excised to determine the ovarian follicle number. The endometriosis score was significantly reduced by pazopanib compared to other study drugs and by sunitinib compared to sorafenib and normal saline (P < .05). Sorafenib did not affect endometriosis score (P > .05). The VEGF score was significantly decreased similarly by pazopanib, sunitinib, and sorafenib compared to normal saline (P < .05). The CD117 score was reduced by pazopanib and sunitinib similarly compared to both sorafenib and normal saline that provided similar effect on the score (P < .05). The Bax scores of all the groups were found similar (P > .05). No study drugs caused meaningful change in the ovarian follicle number (P > .05). Pazopanib reduces the growth of endometriotic implants. This effect may be related to the suppressive effect of pazopanib on the endometriotic tissue expressions of VEGF and CD117 but not Bax. The study drugs do not affect ovarian reserve. The inconsistent effects of study drugs regarding study parameters require further studies to elucidate the molecular bases of their effects on the growth of endometriotic implants.Öğe The Efficacy of Bevacizumab, Sorafenib, and Retinoic Acid on Rat Endometriosis Model(SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC, 2013) Ozer, Hatice; Boztosun, Abdullah; Acmaz, Gokhan; Atilgan, Remzi; Akkar, Ozlem Bozoklu; Kosar, Mehmet IlkayBlood vessels are necessary for development and maintenance of the endometriosis and blood flow supplies oxygen and essential nutrient to the disease. Local angiogenesis is regulated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and inhibitors of VEGF may be a novel therapeutic approach. We inducted endometriosis in 43 rats and they were randomly allocated into 4 groups. The rats in group I (control n = 11) were given no medication. The rats in group II (n = 11) were given bevacizumab. The rats in group III (n = 11) were given Sorafenib, and the rats in group IV (n = 10) were given retinoic acid (RA). Then groups were compared for microvessel density, VEGF, soluble tyrosine-kinase receptor, ovarian reserve, and treatment effectivity. All these medications were effective on endometriosis and we detected that volume of endometriotic implants were significantly decreased. Ovarian reserve was not affected from the medication, in addition RA have induced reproductive capacity.Öğe Evaluation of Ki-67 Immunostaining in the Differential Diagnosis of Low Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion and Normal Cervix(Galenos Yayincilik, 2007) Arici, Sema Dilek; Imir, Gonca; Ozer, Hatice; Elagoz, Sahande; Simsek, Gulay; Cetin, MeralObjective: Ki-67 immunostaining is used as an adjunct in the differential diagnosis of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) of the cervix. The aim of this study was to determine an index for positive Ki-67 staining and the Ki 67-positive cell clusters for distinguishing normal cervix and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (low-grade SILs). Materials and Methods: Thirty-four cervical specimens, in which 17 were previously diagnosed as normal and 17 low-grade SILs were included in the study. Ki-67 immunohistochemical staining was performed using avidin biotin complex. Results: After reevaluating the cases by means of histo-pathological and Ki-67 immunostaining features, 21 of 34 cases were diagnosed as normal cervix and 13 were diagnosed as low-grade SILs. Ki-67 index was higher in low-grade SILs (p<0.05). Although Ki-67 positive cell clusters was not observed in normal cervix, 77% of 13 low-grade SILs had positive cell clusters (p<0.05). Discussion: Ki-67 immunostaining may be considered as an easy and reproducible technique in differential diagnosis of normal cervix and low-grade SIL.
