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Öğe Comparative study of different drills for bone drilling: A systematic approach(Malaysian Orthopaedic Association, 2020) Pazarci, Ozhan; Torun, Y.; Ozturk, A.; Oztemur, Z.Introduction: The performance of the drilling process depends on the characteristics of the drilling equipment and surgeon’s skill. To our knowledge, no research has focused on multi-parameter analysis of the dynamic behaviour of drills during the drilling process. This study aimed to characterise the physical changes and effects of different drills attached to a robotic arm during drilling of artificial bones in a standardised experimental setup. Materials and Methods: Drilling processes using three brands of drills attached to a robotic arm were compared in terms of thrust force, vibration, noise level, speed deviation, and temperature. A standardised experimental setup was constructed, and measurement data were analysed statistically. Identical artificial bones were drilled 10 times with each drill. Results: Thrust force measurements, which varied through the cortex and medulla, showed expressive differences for each drill for maximum and mean values (p<0.001). Meaningful differences were obtained for mean vibration values and noise level (p<0.001). Speed variation measurements in drilling showed conspicuous differences with confident statistics (p<0.001). Induced temperature values were measured statistically for Drill 1, Drill 2, and Drill 3 as 78.38±11.49°C, 78.11±7.79°C, and 89.77±7.79°C, respectively. Conclusion: Thrust force and drill bit temperature were strongly correlated for each drill. Vibration values and noise level, which also had an influential relationship, were in the acceptable range for all experiments. Both thrust force and speed deviation information could be used to detect the drill bit status in the bone while drilling. © 2020, Malaysian Orthopaedic Association. All rights reserved.Öğe Comparison of caspase-8, granzyme B and cytochrome C apoptosis biomarker levels in orthopedic trauma patients(Turkish Assoc Trauma Emergency Surgery, 2020) Pazarci, Ozhan; Aydin, Huseyin; Kilinc, SeyranBACKGROUND: The primary objective of this study was to investigate whether or not apoptosis is induced following bone fracture, and if so, to investigate whether the extrinsic or intrinsic pathway of cell death is stimulated. METHODS: A total of 30 patients who presented at our clinic and were diagnosed with bone fracture following trauma were included in the study group. A control group was formed of 37 age and gender-matched volunteers. On the day after the fracture, blood samples taken from the patients were examined for cytochrome C, granzyme B and caspase-8 with the ELISA method. RESULTS: A total of 67 individuals were evaluated (fracture group: 30, control group: 37) in this study. Caspase-8 was found to be statistically significantly high in the patient group (0.37 +/- 0.06 ng/mL, p=0.002). No significant difference was determined between the groups in respect to cytochrome C values (p=0. 173). The granzyme B values were determined to be significantly high in the patient group (52.56 +/- 8.51 pg/mL, p=0.007). CONCLUSION: These results obtained from patients with a long bone fracture demonstrated that serum caspase-8 and granzyme B levels were higher in patients than in the control group, thereby showing activation of the extrinsic pathway. However, no significant difference was determined between the groups concerning serum cytochrome C levels. This study may guide future studies designed for better understanding of the molecular pathways that govern the events during a fracture, which will be important for the future advancement of fracture treatment.Öğe Current Approaches to Bone-Drilling Procedures with Orthopedic Drills(Aves, 2020) Torun, Yunis; Pazarci, Ozhan; Ozturk, AhmetIn order to minimize complications during orthopedic surgery, the important of research in this field is gaining importance and more studies are being conducted. The use of robotics and autonomous systems is gaining importance to achieve the aims reducing complications, lowering operation times, and increasing the surgical reliability and effectiveness in bone drilling operations that constitute a sub-set of the Computer-Aided Orthopedic Surgery (CAOS) issue. In this study, signal processing-based approaches for breakthrough detection during bone drilling operations, robotic autonomous systems that optimize optimal plunge and drilling speed while drilling, most effective drilling parameters that affect bone perforation, and studies conducted to improve the safely and efficiency of surgical operations, such as radiological imaging, were investigated. A systematic review of recent studies on bone drilling was performed and potential research topics were proposed for possible future studies.Öğe Delirium Awareness and Treatment Approach in Orthopedics Clinic(Aves, 2020) Pazarci, Ozhan; Kilinc, Seyran; Bekmez, Fatma; Cigdem, Burhanettin; Oztemur, ZekeriyaBACKGROUND/AIMS Orthopedic clinics are among the leading clinics in hospitals that request consultation for patients with delirium. However, delirium is often missed by nurses and physicians, resulting in an incorrect diagnosis. This study aimed to identify patients with delirium in the orthopedic clinics and describe our approach for these patients. MATERIAL and METHODS After forming a strategy for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of patients with delirium, prospective follow-up was performed for patients hospitalized in the orthopedic ward. High-risk patients were screened using the Nursing Delirium Screening Scale, and patients diagnosed with delirium were evaluated using a prepared form. This approach was used to determine the risk factors for delirium, ensure patient safely, and treat the symptoms of delirium. RESULTS Total 988 patients were evaluated, and 34 (2.44%) were diagnosed with delirium. The mean age of the patients was 66.17 +/- 22.68 years. The mean duration of delirium was 2.88 +/- 0.84 days. An age group-based comparison showed that the duration of delirium in older patients was significantly longer than that in younger patients (3.08 +/- 0.9 vs. 2.45 +/- 0.52 d, p=0.042). Further, delirium duration was more among men than among women (3.0 vs. 2.2 d, p=0.031). CONCLUSION Rapid identification of delirium and determination of the etiological cause allows timely and appropriate correction of the condition Identification of delirium by the medical team and the use of a systemic approach are important in treatment. The duration of delirium is longer in men and the elderly; further, most delirious patients have more than one risk factor for delirium.Öğe Does mammalian target of rapamycin or sestrin 1 protein signaling have a role in bone fracture healing?(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2019) Pazarci, Ozhan; Dogan, Halef Okan; Kilinc, Seyran; Camurcu, Ismet YalkinBackground/aim: Fracture healing is a complex physiological process that involves a well-orchestrated series of biological events. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and sestrin 1 (SESN 1) play a central role in cell metabolism, proliferation, and survival. The aim of our study is to present serum mTOR and SESN 1 levels by comparing patients with or without bone fractures. It is also a guide for further research on the roles of these proteins in fracture healing. Materials and methods: A total of 34 patients (10 females, 24 males) with bone fractures and 32 controls (10 females, 22 males) participated in this study. After collecting serum venous blood samples, the quantitative sandwich ELISA technique was used for the determination of serum mTOR and SESN 1 levels. Results: The mean serum mTOR level was significantly higher in the fracture group compared to the control group (P = 0.001). However, SESN 1 levels did not significantly differ between groups (p = 0.913). Conclusion: We found that serum mTOR levels increased on the first day after fracture compared to the control group. However, we obtained no significant difference between groups in terms of SESN 1 levels. This study may guide further clinical studies investigating the potential role of mTOR signaling in the bone healing process.Öğe Does the Addition of Poly(glycolide-co-lactide) to Teicoplanin-Containing Poly(methyl methacrylate) Beads Change the Elution Characteristics?(Springer Heidelberg, 2020) Kilinc, Seyran; Pazarci, Ozhan; Cakmak, Nese Keklikcioglu; Tas, AycaBackground The objective of our study was to measure and compare the elution characteristics of teicoplanin from poly(methyl methacrylate) PMMA beads with those of poly(glycolide-co-lactide) PGLA-added beads. Methods The study included two groups of PMMA + teicoplanin beads. PMMA was added to teicoplanin in Group 1 and PMMA + PGLA was added to teicoplanin in Group 2. A total of 16 beads of 1 cm(3) were created for each group. Samples were added individually to tubes containing 3 ml of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Antibiotic elution was measured by measuring absorbance values of 1-ml samples taken at regular intervals using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer and cumulative percentages of drug release were calculated. In addition, the spectra of teicoplanin were identified using a FTIR spectrophotometer in a wavelength range of 400-4000 cm(-1). Results Drug elution in the PBS medium was measured and compared for Groups 1 and 2. The cumulative percentage of drug release from the PGLA-added beads (Group 2) was significantly higher (p = 0.01). The molecular structure of teicoplanin was also confirmed using FTIR. Conclusion The in vitro results showed that the addition of biodegradable PGLA into bone cement functions as a water-soluble porogen which allows for significant increases in the elution of teicoplanin from cement. This increase in elution suggests that the PGLA would allow for further fluid contact and exchange with the previously entrapped drug. These results may have important clinical applications.Öğe THE EFFECT OF LOW DOSE TEICOPLANIN-LOADED ACRYLIC BONE CEMENT ON BIOCOMPATIBILITY OF BONE CEMENT(AKADEMIAI KIADO ZRT, 2013) Oztemur, Zekeriya; Sumer, Zeynep; Tunc, Tutku; Pazarci, Ozhan; Bulut, OkayAntibiotic-loaded acrylic bone cement (polymethylmethacrylate, PMMA) is used to prevent or treat infection in total joint replacement surgery. The purpose of this study was to investigate biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of the teicoplanin-loaded acrylic bone cement. Cytotoxicity examination of acrylic bone cement balls and 400 mg teicoplanin added acrylic bone cement balls conducted by MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. SEM (Scanning electron microscopy) was used to observe adhesion and spreading of cells on surface of the balls. Cytotoxicity examination conducted by MTT assay on acrylic bone cement balls and teicoplanin-added acrylic bone cement balls revealed no cytotoxicity. SEM analysis put forward that cells started to proliferate and adhere on surface of the samples in both groups as a result of 48-hour incubation and that the cell proliferation over acrylic bone cement and teicoplanin-added acrylic bone cement was similar. As a consequence, there was no cytotoxicity in acrylic bone cement and teicoplanin-added acrylic bone cement groups according to results of MTT assay. On the other hand, results of SEM showed that biocompatibility of both groups was similar. In conclusion, teicoplanin-loaded bone cement did not change biocompatibility of bone cement in studied dose.Öğe Effect on mortality of treatment method and surgery time for hip fracture patients aged over 65 years(Turkish Assoc Trauma Emergency Surgery, 2020) Ekici, Cihat; Pazarci, Ozhan; Kilinc, Seyran; Oztemur, Zekeriya; Ozturk, Hayati; Tezeren, Gunduz; Bulut, OkayBACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the effects on mortality of implant selection used and time to surgery in patients aged over 65 years operated for hip fractures. METHODS: A total of 301 patients aged over 65 years were investigated in this study. Patients were divided into three groups as follows: Group 1 cemented hemiarthroplasty (CH), Group 2 cementless hemiarthroplasty (CLH), and Group 3 proximal femoral nail (PFN). Time of surgery, fracture and demographic information were retrospectively recorded. RESULTS: After removing 59 patients with missing information, this study included 242 patients. Mean age of patients was 80.5 years. When patient groups were examined according to treatment method, Group 1 (n=146) comprised 60.3%, Group 2 (n=54) comprised 22.3% and Group 3 (n=42) comprised 17.4% of the study group. There was no significant difference in survival between the patients operated in the first 48 hours and the patients operated later (p=0.834). There was an effect on the survival of treatment implant selection (p=0.016). Patients with CH were observed to survive longer than patients with CLH and PFN. CONCLUSION: Operation in the first 48 hours was not observed to affect mortality. Additionally, while sex and age were found to be effective on mortality, implant selection was also concluded to affect mortality.Öğe Evaluation of Serum Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 and Vitamin D Levels in Elderly Patients with Bone Fractures(Karger, 2020) Pazarci, Ozhan; Dogan, Halef Okan; Kilinc, Seyran; Camurcu, YalkinObjectives: To evaluate the correlation between levels of serum vitamin D and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in elderly patients with bone fractures. Materials and Methods: This study included 56 patients and 31 control subjects. The patients included were those aged >= 65 years who were admitted to our hospital with a diagnosis of bone fracture. The control group comprised age-matched, healthy individuals. Levels of serum vitamin D and GLP-1 were measured and compared between the 2 groups. Results: Significant differences were noted between the groups in terms of serum levels of vitamin D (p < 0.001) and serum levels of GLP-1 (p < 0.001). A positive correlation was observed between serum levels of vitamin D and GLP-1. Conclusion: Serum levels of GLP-1 were found to be significantly lower in elderly patients with bone fracture compared to healthy adults. In addition, a significant correlation was found between decreased vitamin D and GLP-1 levels. These results may therefore demonstrate the protective effects of GLP-1 on bone structure and metabolism, similar to those of vitamin D.Öğe Evaluation of the Effect of Gabapentin on Tendon Healing in an Experimental Rat Model(Aves, 2020) Kilinc, Seyran; Egilmez, Hatice Reyhan; Pazarci, Ozhan; Altunisik, Muhammed YasirBACKGROUND/AIMS To investigate the effect of gabapentin used in postoperative pain prophylaxis on tendon healing. MATERIAL and METHODS A total of 32 Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. Groups A and C were administered gabapentin by oral gavage, while Groups B and D were defined as the control groups. In all the rats, a transverse cut was made on the left Achilles tendon, approximately 0.5 cm proximal to the attachment point of the bone, then it was sutured using the Kessler method. Rats in Groups A and B were sacrificed on day 15 and those in Groups C and D on day 45. Differences between the groups were evaluated biomechanically using the tensile test, and immunohistochemically by examinations of collagen type 1 (COL1A), Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA), and Transforming Growth Factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1). RESULTS In the biomechanical evaluations, no significant difference was found between the study and control groups on days 15 and 45 in terms of the tensile test results (day 15, p=0.908; day 45, p=0.798). In the semi-quantitative comparisons of positive cell involvement in the immunohistochemical data evaluations, no statistically significant difference was also found. [TGF-beta 1, p(15)=0.328, p(45)=0.195; PCNA p(15)=0.645]. PCNA-positive cells were seen at a high rate in the first 15 days in both groups and the involvement of these cells was found to be similar on day 45. CONCLUSION In the immunohistochemical and biomechanical evaluations, gabapentin was not found to have any negative effect on tendon healing. It can be concluded that gabapentin can be used in cases with appropriate indications after tendon surgery. Nevertheless, there is a need for further studies in this area to investigate the mechanism of gabapentin's effect on the tendon.Öğe Evaluation of treatment results for proximal fibula and surrounding tumoral lesions(Bayrakol Medical Publisher, 2020) Pazarci, Ozhan; Kilinc, Seyran; Tuncer, KutsiAim: The proximal fibula has a specific anatomy and tumoral lesions are rarely observed in this region. The aim of this study was to present the diagnosis, treatment methods, and postoperative outcomes for tumoral lesions observed in and around the proximal fibula together. Materials and Methods: Data of 22 patients with tumor in or around the proximal fibula were retrospectively investigated. The preop, and postop findings, treatment administered and pathologic diagnosis data of the patients were collected. The postop Toronto Extremity Salvage Score (TESS), Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score (MSTS), Physical score (PCS-12), and Mental score (MCS-12) data for patients were recorded and analyzed with SPSS (ver. 23). Results: The mean age of patients was 28.45 years (min: 11, max: 60). The mean follow-up duration was 16.81 +/- 7.52 months. Of patients, 13 were male (59.1%) and 9 were female (40.9%). Lesions were present on the right side in 13 patients (59.1%) and on the left side in 9 patients (40.1%). Patients most commonly attended with complaints of pain and peroneal compression. Osteochondroma and giant cell tumor were the most commonly encountered pathological diagnoses. There was no significant difference observed between the form of the treatment and postop follow-up scores of the patients. Discussion: The strongest aspect of our study is that it contributes a 22-case series to the limited literature in this field. Additionally, the preop clinical presentation, postop follow-up outcomes and surgical treatment forms of the patients are presented together. In this case series including rarely-observed cases, eight different pathologic diagnoses are presented. Conclusion: Knee stability should definitely be evaluated during proximal fibula surgeries. The most commonly observed pathologic diagnoses in this region are presented in our study. When considering benign tumors in this region, the diagnoses in our series should be remembered. Additionally, it should not be forgotten that patients may apply with peroneal compression findings.Öğe Examining the Relationship Between Preventable Psychiatric Problems and Child Extremity Fractures(Pera Yayincilik Hizmetleri, 2022) Sari, Seda Aybuke; Pazarci, Ozhan; Kilinc, Seyran; Cicek, Ayla UzunObjective: Extremity fractures (EF) are among the most common causes of admission to hospitals in children. We aimed to evaluate children treated for EFs by comparing them with the control group from a psychiatric perspective. Method: Thirty-six children aged between 3 and 17 years who administered to the Orthopedics and Traumatology clinic due to EF were included in the study. 36 children of similar age and gender with the study group were included as the control group. A child psychiatrist evaluated all children included in the study. A psychiatric diagnosis interview was conducted. The parents filled out the Conner's Parent Rating Scale-Revised Short Form (CPRS-R:S). Results: Of the cases in the patient group, 66.7% were male. The ratio of rural residents in the patient group was higher compared to the control group. The most common fracture location was lower extremity (55.6%). The most common cause of the fracture was falling (52.8%). In the patient group, the ratio of the children who had previously experienced fracture was 36.1%. Psychopathology was detected to be at a higher level in the patient group. The most common was Attention Deficiency and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Children in the patient group scored higher on the CPRS-R:S than the control group. Conclusion: Children with EF exhibited more impulsive and hyperactive behaviours than controls and had more psychopathology. For this reason, it is essential to evaluate children who apply due to fracture in terms of psychopathology.Öğe Femoral anteromedial surface plate augmentation in an osteoporotic unstable femoral neck fracture(Bayrakol Medical Publisher, 2020) Pazarci, OzhanThe technique of direct reduction with an anterior hip approach and the application of an anteromedial femoral neck plate is an alternative method increasing stability in the treatment of femoral neck fractures in young patients. Here we present the case of applying this method to a 33-year-old young patient with epilepsy and osteoporosis. Satisfactory clinical results were obtained in the short-term follow-up results. This study and literature review can be considered to contribute to the limited literature in this area. Nevertheless, there is a need for further studies in this field with more extensive case series with long-term results.Öğe Hemiarthroplasty with cementless intramedullary stem versus proximal femoral nail in the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients(Acta Medica Belgica, 2021) Kilinc, Seyran; Pazarci, OzhanSeveral methods are used in the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric hip fractures in elderly patients with high mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to compare and present the clinical and radiological results of two alternative methods : cementless distal intramedullary stems and proximal femoral nail (PFN). One hundred and seventeen patients who were over 70 years of age and operated on in our clinic for unstable intertrochanteric fractures between January 2014 and January 2018 were included in this study. In addition to the sociodemographics, patients' Singh index, type of fracture, time to surgery, duration of surgery, blood need, blood loss, length of hospital stay, concomitant diseases, complications, ASA scores, time to mortality and mobilization statuses were recorded. The data collected was evaluated using the SPSS v.23 software. The duration of surgery, intraoperative bleeding amount, postoperative drainage and blood requirement amounts, and the use of fluoroscopy in HA were significantly higher than PFN (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of one-year mortality rate. Similarly, no significant difference was detected between the groups in terms of the latest mobilization status of the patients. Patients who underwent HA were found to be associated with high bleeding amount and long duration of surgery. The groups exhibited similar results in terms of one-year mortality rate and functional results. Neither type of the implants is superior to the other, therefore both can be effectively used in the treatment of unstable hip fractures in the elderly. On the other hand, the femoral stem design in the study is a alternative treatment method for uIT fractures but the surgery is technically challenging and should be undertaken by an experienced arthroplasty surgeon.Öğe Investigating the risk factors that affect mortality after cemented hemiarthroplasty in advanced age patients(Elsevier, 2020) Kilinc, Seyran; Pazarci, OzhanBackground & aims: The number of hip fracture surgeries exhibit an increasing trend due to the aging of the world's population and it is expected to become a serious public health problem in the future. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between mortality and morbidity in patients aged 65 years or older who underwent partial hip prosthesis due to hip fracture. Methods: Four-hundred and forty-three patients aged 65 and above who underwent partial hip prosthesis for fractured hips between 2007 and 2014 were retrospectively investigated. The age before surgery, gender, type of fracture, additional diseases, ASA scores of the patients and time to mortality were investigated in addition to the factors that affect mortality. Results: Of the 443 patients in the study, 167 were males and 276 were females, with an average age of 80.5 +/- 7.2 and 81.1 +/- 7.0 years, respectively. One hundred and sixty-two (36.57%) of these patients died within the first year. When the patients were investigated according to age groups, there was a significant relationship between mortality after surgery and patients aged 80 years and above. No statistically significant relationship was found between the time to surgery and mortality. When compared in terms of ASA scores, it was concluded mortality in ASA 3 and 4 groups was significantly higher than ASA 1 and 2 groups (p < 0.001). When hospital stay and one-year mortality rates were compared, it was seen that the length of hospital stay of the patients who died in the first year was significantly higher. Conclusions: In patients who underwent partial hip replacement after hip fracture, there was a significant relationship between mortality, long hospital stay, patients with an ASA score of 3-4, and patients aged 80 years and above, whereas no relationship was detected with time to surgery.Öğe Investigation of the Antibiofilm Effects of Mentha longifolia Essential Oil on Titanium and Stainless Steel Orthopedic Implant Surfaces(AVES, 2019) Pazarci, Ozhan; Tutar, Ugur; Kilinc, SeyranObjective: This study aimed to determine the antibiofilm activity of Mentha longifolia essential oil (EO) against biofilms forming on in-vitro implant surfaces. Materials and Methods: Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Candida albicans biofilms were used. Stainless steel and titanium samples were grouped as control, water diluted, no EO addition, and reducing amounts of EO doses. The six microorganisms included in the study were investigated to examine if there were differences between the doses on the implant surfaces. The eradication effect of the EO in samples investigated with electron microscope was classified as 0: none, 1: mild, 2: moderate, and 3: severe. The chemical composition of the EO was determined with gas chromatography. Results: In terms of biofilm formation, no difference was observed between implant surfaces. While S. aureus and C. albicans were observed to be the most susceptible, P. aeruginosa was identified as the most resistant. According to gas chromatography, M. longifolia EO comprised 61.40% carvacrol and 0.28% thymol. Conclusion: In vitro, M. longifolia EO was shown to be effective against gram negative/positive and fungal biofilms forming on the surface of stainless steel and titanium implants.Öğe Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio May Be a Diagnostic Marker for Prosthetic Joint Infection(DERMAN MEDICAL PUBL, 2016) Golge, Umut Hatay; Kaymaz, Burak; Pazarci, Ozhan; Kilinc, Seyran; Oztemur, Zekeriya; Bulut, OkayAim: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an effective and successful procedure but the outcome may occasionally be compromised by complications such as periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). Blood neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple marker of subclinical inflammation that can be easily obtained from the differential White Blood Cell count. This study aims to to analyze the predictive ability of NLR for the diagnosis of PJI. Material and Method: Patients who were diagnosed as grade 4 gonartrosis and operated for total knee arthroplasty between years 2007-2014 were evaluated. Thirty patients with PJI were included in the study as Group I and hematological tests including erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC) and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) of the patients were evaluated retrospectively. Preoperative and postoperative 6th month NLR values of the patients were compared. Also 103 age matched patients operated for total knee arthroplasty with no sign of infection were included in the study as controls (Group II). Patients in Group I and Group II were also compared in terms of NLR. Results: Thirty patients (17 female, 13 male) were present in Group I (patients with PJI and treated with two staged revision surgery) and 103 patients (94 female, 9 male) were present in Group II (patients operated for total knee arthroplasty and had no sign of infection during the follow up period). NLR has been found to decrease from 3.2+/-0.7 to 2.2+/-0.5 when compared between the preoperative and postoperative 6th month period (p=< 0,001). NLR has been found to be 2.1+/-0.7 in Group II and 3.2+/-0.7 in Group I at preoperative period. (p=< 0,001). The value of 2.45 was found to be cut-off point for infection. Discussion: NLR can be used as marker for PJI together with the other markers as ESR and CRP to increase the accuracy of the diagnosis.Öğe Parameters Estimation of Orthopedic Drill(IEEE, 2019) Torun, Yunis; Ozturk, Ahmet; Aksoz, Ahmet; Pazarci, OzhanIn medical drills, battery drills are highly preferred due to their comfort. Battery discharge during operation is a very important problem. For this reason, it is important to use the control method to minimize the energy consumption and to keep the drill speed in the desired range. In order to design an efficient control in any system, the system model and system parameters must be known. In this study, parameter estimation of a direct current geared motor used in medical drills was carried out by using system input/output signals. Nonlinear Least Squares method was used to estimate parameters then Genetic Algorithm optimization used to improve the model estimation performance. It was observed that the data obtained from the physical system and the model behaviors were similar in an acceptable range. Modeling improvement has been proven based on the criteria of Mean Square Error, Root Mean Square Error, Sum Square Error and Root Sum Square Error.Öğe Parametric Power Spectral Density Estimation-Based Breakthrough Detection for Orthopedic Bone Drilling with Acoustic Emission Signal Analysis(Springer Singapore Pte Ltd, 2020) Torun, Yunis; Pazarci, OzhanManual bone drilling in orthopedic surgical operations may cause injury to patient tissues if the drill bit continues to progress after exiting the bone. In this study, a new bone breakthrough detection algorithm based on acoustic emission (AE) signal analysis has been developed to minimize temporary and permanent injuries that can be caused by surgeon-controlled surgical drills. Three parametric estimation methods, Burg, Yule-Walker and Modified Covariance were used to estimate Power Spectral Density (PSD) of the AE signal during the drilling operation. Four frequency features, Mean Frequency, Median Frequency, Mean-Median and Power Bandwidth were calculated for each PSD estimate. An artificial neural network-based breakthrough detection classification was constructed from the extracted features. The highest breakthrough detection performance was obtained with the features extracted by the Burg method with an accuracy rate of 90.95 +/- 0.97% in the training phase and 92.37 +/- 1.09% in the test phase. In the detection of Not-Breakthrough situations, the highest accuracy was obtained with features extracted with the Covariance method as 99.04 +/- 0.03% in the training phase and 99.05 +/- 0.08% in the testing phase. This new approach which could be integrated into conventional drills with minimum configuration changes and without any major cost has the potential to increase the performance and safety of bone drilling procedures.Öğe Relationship Between Second to Fourth Digit Ratios and Obesity, Muscle Mass2.(DERMAN MEDICAL PUBL, 2015) Golge, Umut Hatay; Sivasli, Zeynep; Pazarci, Ozhan; Goksel, Ferdi; Kaymaz, Burak; Kuloglu, Huseyin EmreAim: Transmitted through genetic inheritance and later unchanging, the ratio of 2nd and 4th fingers (2D: 4D) is related to the hormone testosterone. We aimed to investigate the correlation of this ratio to muscle mass and obesity. Material and Method: Adult patients attending the diet clinic were categorized by body type analysis, age and gender. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from height and weight, and body analysis was completed with a Tanita (TANITA BC-418 MA III) device. Additionally patients had the index and ring fingers of both hands separately measured with the aid of digital calipers and recorded. The ratio of the values was determined and compared with the values obtained by the Tanita device. Result: Of 216 patients at the diet clinic, 168 were female and 48 were male. The measurements of individuals with 2D: 4D of both hands above 1 were compared with those of individuals with 2D: 4D of both hands below 1. Differences were observed in terms of total fat (TF), fat free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM). While there was a positive correlation of the 2D: 4D of both hands with BMI, FM and TF; there was a negative correlation observed with FFM. Discussion: We believe the 2D: 4D may be directly related to obesity and inversely related to body muscle mass.
