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Öğe Effect of septal deviation on osteomeatal complex distances(Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 2021) Dursun, Merve; Taştemur, Yaşar; Şalk, İsmail; Sabancıoğulları, VedatObjective: It is known that deviation of the septum plays an etiological role in the obstructions formed in the osteomeatal complex. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the effect of the degree of deviation of the nasal septum on the distances between the bone structures forming the osteomeatal complex.Method: The research universe was obtained by retrospectively scanning 1200 computed tomography (CT) images of January 2018-December 2019 in the PACS archive of the Department of Radiology of Sivas Cumhuriyet Faculty of Medicine Hospital. A total of 453 individuals, 228 females and 225 males (18-82 years old) meeting the criteria for inclusion in the study were included. Septal deviation angle was measured. Individuals were grouped according to the degree of septal deviation. Osteomeatal complex spaces (OMC) were evaluated according to the degree of septal deviation. In the study, the distance between OMC spaces was also investigated in the presence of sinusitis.Results: In the septum, the distance between lamina papyricea and middle nasal concha (LP-MNC) at medium and high grades was found to be large in the opposite direction of the deviation. The distance between the lamina papyricea and uncinate processÖğe Evaluation of Thalamus Volumes in Patients with Diabetic Polyneuropathy Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging Method(2022) Öztürk, Ayşegül; Sabanciogullari, Vedat; Taştemur, Yaşar; Oztoprak, IbrahimThe neurological process in diabetes is not limited to peripheral nerves but also affects the central nervous system (CNS). In addition, magnetic resonance images (MRI) showing that this condition can occur early in the neuropathic process are also available. This study was conducted to investigate whether peripheral sensory nerve dysfunction causes changes in thalamus volume in patients with diabetic polyneuropathy (DPNP) who experience sensory loss. Our study is a retrospective study consisting of diabetes mellitus (DM), DPNP and a healthy control group, where brain MRI of 204 individuals aged between 20-90 with no neurological disorder that might affect thalamus. Morphometric measurements for thalamus and cerebrum volumetry were performed in conventional MRI. In order to measure the microstructural changes of thalamus, the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was calculated by the diffusion-weighted imaging method. In conclusion of our measurements, it was found that individuals with DM and DPNP had a decrease in volume of both thalami(p<0.05) and cerebrum(p<0.05). However, no significant difference was found in ADC values(p>0.05). According to the results of research, DM and DPNP affect not only the peripheral nervous system but also the CNS. This effect caused atrophy of thalamus and cerebrum in patients of all age groups.Öğe Fossa cranii posterior boyutları, cerebrum ve cerebellum morfometrisinin, tonsillar herniasyonla ilişkisi(Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi, 2014) Taştemur, Yaşar; Sabancıoğulları, VedatTonsillar herniasyon, arka beyinden gelişen yapıların foramen magnum'dan geçerek vertebral kanala doğru fıtıklaşması şeklinde görülür. Etyolojisi günümüzde kesin olarak bilinmemektedir. Konjenital ya da edinsel sebeplerle ortaya çıkabileceği iddia edilmiştir. Özellikle primer mesodermal yetmezliğin fossa cranii posterior boyutlarını etkileyebileceği ileri sürülmüştür. Bu sebeple çalışmamızda cranium, cerebrum ve cerebellum morfometrisine ilişkin ölçümler yaparak tonsillar herniasyon etyolojisine ışık tutmayı amaçladık. Kemikleri etkileyecek herhangibir rahatsızlığı bulunmayan, ortalama yaşları 36,58+22,34 (1-94 yaş) olan, 1052 (629 kadın, 423 erkek) hastaya ait cranial MR görüntüsü çalışmada kullanıldı. T1, T2 midsagittal ve aksiyal görüntüler kullanılarak ölçümler yapıldı. Cranium morfometrisini değerlendirmek için dokuz parametre, cerebrum ve cerebellum morfometrisi için dokuz parametre kullanıldı. Elde edilen veriler SPSS (14.0) programına yüklenerek, istatistiksel değerlendirmede t-testi, Mann-Whitney U testi kullanıldı. Yanılma düzeyi 0,05 olarak alındı. Tonsillar herniasyonlu bireylerde foramen magnum ön arka çapı, cerebellum yüksekliği ve cerebellum sagittal çapı artarken, maximum cranial yükseklik, supraocciput uzunluğu, clivus uzunluğu ve fossa cranii posterior yüksekliği azalmıştı. Tentorial eğim açısı ise her yaş grubunda tonsillar herniasyonlular ile sağlıklı kontrollerde birbirine yakın değerlerde olup istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark göstermiyordu. Tonsillar herniasyonlu bireylerde, ortalama herniasyon miktarı 4,85±3,09 mm idi. Cranium morfometrisine ilişkin ölçüm sonuçlarımız, tonsillar herniasyon etyolojisinde suçlanan primer mesodermal yetmezliğe bağlı hipoplastik fossa cranii posterior varlığını desteklemektedir. Anahtar kelimeler: Tonsillar herniasyon, fossa cranii posterior, manyetik rezonans görüntüleme, cerebral ve cerebellar morfometri.Öğe Kalcaneus’un Morfometrik Ölçümleri;Boehler Açısı ve Kemik Boyunun Hesaplanması(2017) Otağ, İlhan; Tetiker, Hasan; Taştemur, Yaşar; Sabancıoğulları, Vedat; Koşar, Mehmet İlkay; Çimen, MehmetKemiklerden elde edilen ölçümler bize birey ve ait olduğu populasyona ait bilgiler verir.Bu çalışmalarda özellikle tercih edilen kafa ve pelvis iskeleti yanında calcaneus kemiği de iyi korunabilmesi nedeni ile çalışılan vücudun diğer kemiklerinden biridir.Çalışmamızda Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi ve Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi, Anatomi Laboratuvarlarında bulunan iyi korunmuş 65 (35 sağ-30 sol) calcaneus değerlendirildi. Kemiklerden 10 linear ölçüm ve Boehler's açısı ölçüldü.Calcaneus ölçümlerinde kemiğin vücut yüksekliğinde (BH) sağ-sol taraf farklılığı belirlendi (P<0.05). Boehler's açısı 20-400 arasında bulundu ve Boehler's açısı ile kemiğin mimumum genişliği (MINW) arasında anlamlı bir korelasyon olduğu bulundu (P<0.01). Calcaneusun anteroposterior maksimum uzunluğu (MAXL)ile calcaneal sulcus genişliği (WSC) haricinde diğer tüm linear kemik ölçümleri arasında anlamlı bir korelasyon belirlendi (P<0.01).Calcaneus ölçümlerinin regresyonu ile kemiğin anteroposterior uzunluğu 1mm yakınlığa kadar hesaplanabilir.Calcaneus iyi korunduğu antropologlar ve adli bilimciler tarafından sıklıkla kullanılan kemiklerdendir.Calcaneus morfometrik değerleri ve yapılan analizler anatomi bilimi, ortopedik cerrahi, kinesyoloji, antropoloji ve adli bilimlere katkı sağlayacaktırÖğe Neuroprotective effect of astaxanthin (ATX) against cognitive impairment on PTZ-induced epileptic seizures in rats and against PTZ-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell culture(Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 2019) Karademir, Mustafa; Gümüş, Erkan; Taştemur, Yaşar; Ergül, Merve; Ergül, Mustafa; Karabulut, Sebahattin; Akkaya, RecepObjective: Epilepsy is a common brain disorder that seizures could cause neuronal loss in the hippocampus. Oxidative stress has an important role in the pathology of this way. The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of astaxanthin (ATX), on pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced epileptic seizures in rats and in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell culture.Method: In our study, we used 42 male 230-250 g Wistar Albino rats. Animals were divided into seven groups as control, saline (PTZ; 1 ml/kg serum physiologic), positive control (2,5 mg/kg diazepam), 10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg ATX for seven days. Thirty min after the administration of the last drug at the indicated doses, PTZ was administered 45 mg/kg to induce an epileptic seizure. The animals were observed for 30 min. Seizure stages according to the Racine Scale (RC) and first myoclonic jerk times (FMJ). Twenty four hours after PTZ injection, passive avoidance test was performed, and then brain tissues were removed for biochemical and histopathological evaluation. The hippocampal Cornu Ammonis 1 (CA1), CA3 and dentate gyrus (DG) regions were evaluated histopathologically regarding neuronal damage. Besides, oxidative stress markers total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI)) were measured in brain tissues. Furthermore, ATX was performed in vitro SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell culture to evaluate PTZ-induced neurotoxicity.Results: When epileptic behaviors were evaluated, ATX did not affect RC and FMJ (p>0, 05). However, ATX reduced both cognitive impairment in passive avoidance test and neuronal damage in the hippocampus (p<0, 05). Moreover, ATX reduced both TOS levels and OSI in the brain (p<0, 05). Besides of these in vitro studies, ATX increased neuronal viability in vitro. Conclusions: Although ATX does not have antiepileptic properties directly, it has a protective effect on not only in vivo but also in vitro. These effects may occur by possible oxidative pathways.Öğe The comparison of inflammatory markers in pentylenetetrazole-induced acute epileptic seizure model and chronic epilepsy model in rats(2020) Taşkıran, Ahmet Şevki; Taştemur, YaşarRecent studies have provided important evidence that neuroinflammation has an effective role in epilepsy pathophysiology. However, it is not clear that the occurrence of neuroinflammation is related to one epileptic seizure or repeating seizures. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the comparison of inflammatory markers in pentylenetetrazole-induced acute epileptic seizure model and chronic epilepsy model in rats. In this study, 18 male Wistar albino rats were used. The animals divided into three groups as control, acute epileptic seizure model and chronic epilepsy model. Inflammatory markers (TNF-?, IL-1 ?, COX-1, and COX-2) were measured by using ELISA methods in the cortical and hippocampal brain regions after completing the epileptic model procedure. Statistical evaluation of the data was performed by one-way ANOVA and multiple comparisons were determined by the Tukey test. Statistical significance was defined at p<0.05. Obtained data show that there was significant increase in inflamattory markers in chronic epilepsy model compared to the control and acute epileptic seizure model (p<0.05). In conlusion, this study may suggest that inflammatory sytem is related to epileptogenesis process rather than only one epileptic seizure.Öğe The ideas of students about neuroanatomy lesson at Sivas Cumhuriyet University Dentistry Faculty; analysis of the feedbacks(Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 2019) Taştemur, Yaşar; Öztürk, Ayşegül; Sabancıoğulları, VedatObjective: In order to improve the quality of medical education, it is essential to learn the students' opinions about the lectures through surveys. For this reason, a questionnaire was applied to the 2nd and 3rd-year students of Dentistry students of Sivas Cumhuriyet UniversityMethod: The study included 150 volunteer students (88 females and 62 males) who accepted to answer the questionnaire questions. A questionnaire consisting of 14 questions was applied to the students. The answers to the questionnaire questions were evaluated by using SPSS 23.0 program.Results: 48% of the students stated that the neuroanatomy course should be taught in the first semester of the second year, and 54% stated that the neurophysiology course should be taught before the neuroanatomy course. While 45.3% of the students found the course content sufficient, 42.7% stated that it should be added to the curriculum in the clinical anatomy course. In addition, 14.7% of the students think that high-class size makes it challenging to learn practical courses such as neuroanatomy. Conclusions: The feedback from the students shows that given the current content of the neuroanatomy course, it is more efficient to give the course in the second grade. In addition to the neuroanatomy course, the inclusion of neurophysiology and clinical anatomy courses in the curriculum will facilitate learning and be beneficial in improving the quality of education.Öğe The Relationship Between Anatomical Variations and Paranasal Sinus Volumes With Climate and Altitude(Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 2022) Taştemur, Yaşar; Öztürk, Ayşegül; Sabancıoğulları, Asım; Şalk, İsmail; Tetiker, Hasan; Altun, Ahmet; Sabancıoğulları, VedatThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of climate and altitude differences on the volume of paranasal sinuses and on the frequency of anatomic variations by comparing the paranasal sinus computerized tomography (PNSCT) of patients who were born and living in a cold, dry climate at high altitude with those of patients who were born and living on the coast at sea level in a temperate climate. We also aimed to determine differences relating to gender. A total of 914 individuals, 402 (44%) in Adana, and 512 (56%) in Sivas were evaluated and compared prospectively. Axial and coronal CT sections were used for volume measurements in the paranasal sinuses. For measurements, the widest view of the sinuses was used. The findings of this study have shown that age groups and genders compared measurements between the two cities. When the age groups are examined, there is no significant difference between the regions between 0-20 years of age (p> 0.05), whereas 21-40,41-60,61 and above individuals have a significant difference between the frontal and sphenoid sinuses (p 0.05). Considering the difference between paranasal sinus volumes between males, males were larger than females (pÖğe The thoughts of the 2nd graduate students of the Faculty of Medicine about anatomy practice exams(2018) Taştemur, Yaşar; Sabancıoğulları, VedatIn assessing the adequacy and effectiveness of medical education, concrete data, and evidence-based information areessential. Especially taking the opinions and suggestions of the students is guiding the direction of medical education.Therefore, in our study, a questionnaire consisting of twelve questions was applied. The aim of this the present study isto determine the thoughts and suggestions of the second year medical faculty students about anatomy practice courses.The study included 139 volunteers 2nd-grade medical faculty student (104 female and 35 male students) who agreed toanswer the questionnaire. While 55.4% of the students thought that the time allocated for anatomy applications wassufficient, 61.15% stated that they would participate in the practical courses even though the lecture attendance wouldnot be taken during the course. Almost all of the students (98.6%) want their instructors to make models or cadavericdemonstrations during the laboratory practices. 82.73% of the students think that the anatomy practice exams arerequired at the end of the committee and 75,53% of them think that the measurement and evaluation of the examinationby using cadaver, model, and bone on the tables is more appropriate. Besides, 91.36% of the students stated that thestudy notes should be given before the practice of anatomy.The feedback from the students shows that the practical lessons in understanding human anatomy are of vitalimportance and the majority of students accepts the current practices. However, evaluation of the requested applicationswould facilitate understanding of subjects and increases success. In the preparation of training programs, the inclusionof clinical anatomy into the curriculum may be useful in improving the quality of medical education.Öğe Wi-Fi decreases melatonin protective effect and increases hippocampal neuronal damage in pentylenetetrazole induced model seizures in rats(MDPI, 2019) Akkaya, Recep; Gümüş, Erkan; Akkaya, Birnur; Karabulut, Sebahattin; Gülmez, Kader; Karademir, Mustafa; Taştemur, YaşarAim: Epilepsy is a common brain disorder in which the seizures could cause a neuronal loss in the hippocampus. Oxidative stress has an important role in the pathology of epilepsy. Some studies indicate that Wi-Fi increases oxidative stress and suppresses antioxidant systems. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Wi-Fi on melatonin anticonvulsive effect and oxidative damage in pentylenetetrazole-induced epileptic seizures in rats. Methods: In our study, we used 30 male Wistar Albino rats, 230?250 grams of the body weight. The animals were divided into five groups as control, saline (1 ml/kg/day olive oil for 30 days), Wi-Fi (12 h/day for 30 days), melatonin (10 mg/kg/day for 30 days) and melatonin + Wi-Fi (10 mg/kg/day +12 h/day for 30 days). In the thirtieth day, thirty minutes after the last drugs administration at the indicated doses, PTZ in 45 mg/kg was administered to induce epileptic seizure. The animals were observed for 30 min during the seizure stages (according to the Racine Scale) and first myoclonic jerk times (FMJ). Twenty-four hours after PTZ injection, brain tissues were removed for biochemical and histopathological evaluation. The hippocampal Cornu Ammonis (CA) 1, CA3 and DG (dentate gyrus) regions were histopathologically evaluated in terms of a neuronal damage in addition that oxidative stress markers (total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI)) were measured in brain tissues. Results: Wi-Fi was not found to affect behavioral changes associated with epilepsy (p > 0.05). However, Wi-Fi reduced anticonvulsive and antioxidant effect of melatonin (p < 0.05). Moreover, Wi-Fi increased neuronal damage in hippocampus (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Wi-Fi did not directly affect epileptic seizures. Nevertheless, it inhibits the positive effects of melatonin on epilepsy and it also has negative effects on hippocampal neuronal damage. These effects of Wi-Fi may occur via oxidative pathways. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.
