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    Childhood Vaccination and Vaccine Hesitancy: A Comparison Between Türkiye and the World
    (T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Ankara Şehir Hastanesi, 2024) Tan, Ayça Kömürlüoğlu; Yalçın, S. Songül
    Vaccination is the cheapest, safest, and most successful public health approach to protect children's health and prevent infectious diseases. High vaccination rates ensure community immunity and prevent epidemics. A drop in immunization rates below 95% can lead to outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases, particularly measles, as well as increased morbidity and mortality. With the recent emergence of vaccine hesitancy (VH) and vaccine refusal (VR) concepts, especially in developed countries, the number of unvaccinated children is increasing both in our country and around the world. Vaccine hesitancy stems from many personal and environmental reasons, as well as sociocultural, environmental, economic, and political reasons. Lack of information about vaccines, fear of side effects, concerns about vaccine efficacy and safety, the idea that vaccines are harmful, anti-vaccine publications on the internet and social media, belief in natural immunity, and religious reasons are seen as the most common reasons for VH and VR in different studies. Raising awareness in society about the importance and necessity of vaccination, identifying the factors that lead to VH, and producing solutions are among the primary measures to be taken. Healthcare personnel play a very important role in the fight against vaccine hesitancy. It is important to establish good, effective, and trusting communication with vaccine-hesitant parents. Recently, in addition to vaccine refusal cases, the number of families refusing vitamin K and heel blood sampling has been increasing. Vaccine refusal, and refusal of health care services will increase neonatal and childhood morbidity and mortality. Legal measures should be taken to protect the best interests of the child. Valid and reliable scales that evaluate parents' vaccine acceptance and hesitancy will be a source of information in the fight against vaccine hesitancy.
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    Sleeping Habits, Sleeping Problems and Affecting Factors in Children Aged 6-10
    (Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, 2021) Ünsal, Gülşah; Korğalı, Elif Ünver; Tan, Ayça Kömürlüoğlu; Ongun, Ebru Atike
    Objective: Sleep is associated with physical growth, emotional-behavioral development and academic performance in children. For a healthy life, children need adequate and quality sleep. The aim of this study was to examine the sleep habits of 6-10 year old primary school children, to determine sleep problems and the factors affecting it. Method: This descriptive, questionnaire study was conducted with parents of healthy children aged 0-6 years who presented at the General Pediatrics Polyclinic. The questionnaire includes questions about the sociodemographic characteristics, home and room conditions, bedtime routines and sleep patterns in infancy, as well as the short form of the 'Child Sleep Habits Questionnaire' (CSHQ). The children were divided into groups as those with sleep problems (Group 1; CSHQ> 41) and those without (Group 2; CSHQ≤ 41). Results: The average daily sleep time of the children (n=302) was 9.33±1.09 hours, while 60.9% of them went to bed at ≤22:00, 11.9% of them were >23.00 and 72.8% woke up at ≤08:00. In this study 62.9% of children have sleep problems. Group1 had a higher rate of household smokers (55.8% and 36.6%, p=0.001, respectively), and children had shorter daily sleep times (9.21±1.22 and 9.51±0.80 hours, respectively, p=0.008). Parent education, mother’s sleep problems, bedtime routines, sleep patterns in infancy, and the parents’ attitude towards sleep were found to be associated with sleep problems in children. If there is no sleep pattern in infancy (OR: 7.637, 95CL 2.28-25.53), no reading before bedtime (OR: 1.726, 95CL 1.07-2.79), and no rules about sleep in the family (OR: 2.426, 95CL 1.45-4.06), the possibility of sleep problems in children increases. Conclusion: Children between the ages of 6-10 have a high rate of sleep problems. In order for children to gain a healthy sleep habit; families should be made aware, bedtime routines should be established and the importance of sleep should be emphasized in child health follow-ups.