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Antioxidant activity of the essential oil and various extracts of Nepeta flavida Hub.-Mor. from Turkey
(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2007) Tepe, Bektas; Daferera, Dimitra; Tepe, Arzuhan-Sihoglu; Polissiou, Moschos; Sokmen, Atalay
This study was designed to examine the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of the essential oil and various extracts (hexane, dichloromethane and methanol sub-fractions) of Nepeta flavida. GC and GC-MS analyses of the essential oil resulted in the identification of 68 compounds, representing 96.4% of the oil; 1,8-cineole (38.9%) and linalool (25.1%) were the main components, comprising 64.0% of the total oil. The samples were subjected to a screening for their possible antioxidant activities by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and beta-carotene-linoleic acid assays. In the first case, the IC50 value of the N. flavida essential oil was determined to be 42.8 +/- 2.19 mu g/ml. Among the extracts, the strongest activity was exhibited by the polar sub-fraction of the methanol extract with an IC50 value of 63.2 +/- 1.75 mu g/ml. In the beta-carotene-linoleic acid system, N. flavida essential oil exhibited 86.3% +/- 1.69 inhibition against linoleic acid oxidation. Among the extracts prepared with various solvents, a correlation was observed between the polarity and antioxidant activity. The extracts exhibited the same activity pattern in this system the most active one is the polar sub-fraction, 79.7% +/- 0.89. On the other hand, 1,8-cineole, a major compound of the essential oil, exhibited marked antioxidant activity in both systems, whereas the other compound, linalool, did not show any activity. The amount of total phenolics was highest in the polar and non-polar sub-fractions. Particularly, a positive correlation was observed between the total phenolic content and the antioxidant activity of the extracts. As estimated from the results, amounts of phenolic compounds were less in hexane and dichloromethane extracts than in the others. In conclusion, antioxidant potentials of polar and non-polar methanol sub-fractions could be attributed to their high phenolic contents. In both systems, antioxidant capacities of BHT, ascorbic acid, curcumin and alpha-tocopherol were also determined in parallel experiments. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Antioxidant potentials and rosmarinic acid levels of the methanolic extracts of Salvia verticillata (L.) subsp verticillata and S-verticillata (L.) subsp amasiaca (Freyn & Bornm.) Bornm
(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2007) Tepe, Bektas; Eminagaoglu, Ozgur; Akpulat, H. Askin; Aydin, Enes
This study was designed to examine the in vitro antioxidant activities and rosmarinic acid levels of the methanol extracts of Salvia verticillata subsp. verticillata and S. verticillata subsp. amasiaca. The extracts were screened for their possible antioxidant activity by two complementary test systems, namely DPPH free radical-scavenging and beta-carotene/linoleic acid systems. In the first case, S. verticillata subsp. verticillata was superior to the subsp. amasiaca with an IC50 value of 14.5 +/- 1.21 mu g mg(-1). In the beta-carotene/linoleic acid test system, inhibition capacity of S. verticillata subsp. verticillata was 74.4 +/- 1.29%. Antioxidant activities of BHT, ascorbic acid, curcumin and alpha-tocopherol were determined in parallel experiments. Activity of rosmarinic acid was also screened for better establishing the relationship between rosmarinic acid level and antioxidant activity for the plant extracts. S verticillata subsp. verticillata had the highest rosmarinic acid level with a value of 28.7 +/- 0.89 mu g mg(-1). There is a strong correlation between the rosmarinic acid level and antioxidant activity potential. Our results showed that rosmarinic acid and its derivatives are more likely to be responsible for most of the observed antioxidant activities of Salvia species. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Antioxidant potentials and rosmarinic acid levels of the methanolic extracts of Salvia virgata (Jacq), Salvia staminea (Montbret & Aucher ex Bentham) and Salvia verbenaca (L.) from Turkey
(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2008) Tepe, Bektas
This study was designed to examine the in vitro antioxidant activities and rosmarinic acid levels of the methanol extracts of Salvia virgata, Salvia staminea and Salvia verbenaca. The extracts were screened for their possible antioxidant activity by two complementary test systems, namely DPPH free radical scavenging and beta-carotene/linoleic acid systems. In the first case, the most active plant was S. verbenaca (14.30 +/- 1.42 mu g mg(-1)), followed by S. virgata (65.70 +/- 2.12 mu g mg(-1)). S. staminae exhibited the weakest antioxidant activity in this test system of which IC50 value is 75.40 +/- 0.57 mu g mg(-1). In beta-carotene/linoleic acid test system, S. verbenaca extract was superior to the other extracts studied (inhibition value is 77.03% +/- 0.42). Antioxidant activities of BHT, ascorbic acid, curcumin and alpha-tocopherol were determined in parallel experiments. Activity of rosmarinic acid was also screened for better establishing the relationship between rosmarinic acid level and antioxidant activity for the plant extracts. According to the results obtained by spectrophotometric analysis and further supported by HPLC, S. verbenaca has the highest rosmarinic acid level with a value of 29.30 +/- 0.24 mu g mg(-1). Our results showed that the rosmarinic acid and its derivatives are more likely to be responsible for most of the observed antioxidant activities of Salvia species. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Antitumoral effects of Allium sivasicum on breast cancer in vitro and in vivo
(SPRINGER, 2013) Tepe, Bektas; Tuncer, Ersin; Saraydin, Serpil Unver; Ozer, Hatice; Sen, Metin; Karadayi, Kursat; Inan, Deniz Sahin; Karadayi, Sule; Polat, Zubeyde; Akpulat, Askin; Duman, Mustafa; Koksal, Binnur; Turan, Mustafa
This work aims to investigate the antiproliferative properties of Allium sivasicum (AS) on breast cancer. AS extracts were studied for cytotoxicity against the breast cancer cell lines. In vitro apoptosis studies of breast cancer cells were performed by annexin V staining in flow cytometry analyses. AS showed cytotoxicity to three cancer cell lines. Annexin-positive cells level in AS treated cell lines were higher than the untreated control cells. The expressions of caspase-7 protein and TUNEL positive cells were much higher for the rats treated by AS, compared with the untreated control group. The expressions of the Ki-67 decreased in treatment groups compared with the control group. In vivo studies showed that mean tumor volume inhibition ratio in AS treated group was 38 % compared with the untreated rats. These results indicate that A. sivasicum has antitumoral potential against breast cancer.
Antitumoral Effects of Melissa officinalis on Breast Cancer in Vitro and in Vivo
(ASIAN PACIFIC ORGANIZATION CANCER PREVENTION, 2012) Saraydin, Serpil Unver; Tuncer, Ersin; Tepe, Bektas; Karadayi, Sule; Ozer, Hatice; Sen, Metin; Karadayi, Kursat; Inan, Deniz; Elagoz, Sahande; Polat, Zubeyde; Duman, Mustafa; Turan, Mustafa
Background: There is a long standing interest in the identification of medicinal plants and derived natural products for developing cancer therapeutics. Here we investigated the antiproliferative properties of Melissa officinalis (MO) from Turkey on breast cancer. Methods: MO extracts were studied for cytotoxicity against breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231). In vitro apoptosis studies were performed by annexin V staining and flow cytometry analyses. Immunohistochemistry for Ki-67 and caspase 7 in the tumoral tissue sections of DMBA-induced mammary tumors in rats was also performed, along with TUNEL assays to detect apoptotic cells. In vivo anticancer activity testing was carried out with reference to inhibition of growth of DMBA induced mammary tumors in rats. Results: MO showed cytotoxicity against three cancer cell lines, inducing increase in Annexin-positive cells. Expression of caspase-7 protein and TUNEL positive cells were much higher in rats treated by MO, compared with the untreated control group, while expression of Ki-67 was decreased. Furthermore, in vivo studies showed that mean tumor volume inhibition ratio in MO treated group was 40% compared with the untreated rats. Conclusion: These results indicated that MO extrcts have antitumoral potential against breast cancer.
Antitumoral effects of Salvia absconditiflora Greuter & Burdet syn. Salvia cryptantha Montbret & Aucher ex Benth. on Breast cancer
(NATL INST SCIENCE COMMUNICATION-NISCAIR, 2013) Ozer, Hatice; Altun, Ahmet; Saraydin, Serpil Unver; Soylu, Sinan; Goktas, Selcuk; Tuncer, Ersin; Inan, Deniz Sahin; Koksal, Binnur; Temiz, Tijen Kaya; Tepe, Bektas; Sen, Metin; Karadayi, Kursat; Turan, Mustafa
This work aims to investigate the antiproliferative properties of Salvia cryptantha on breast cancer. Salvia cryptantha (SC) extracts were studied for cytotoxicity against the breast cancer cell lines. In-vitro apoptosis studies of breast cancer cells were performed by nnexin V staining in flow cytometry analyses Immunohistochemistry studies for Ki-67 and p16 in the tumoral tissue sections of Dimethyl Benzanthracene (DMBA) induced mammary tumor in rats were performed. In-vivo anticancer activity testing was carried out by inhibiting the growth of mammary tumor in rats. SC showed cytotoxicity to three cancer cell lines. Annexin-positive cells level in SC treated cell lines were higher than the untreated control cells. The expression of the Ki-67 decreased in treatment groups compared with the control group. The expression of p16 protein was much higher for the rats treated by SC, compared with the untreated control group. In vivo studies showed that mean tumor volume inhibition ratio in SC treated group was 38 % compared with the untreated rats. These results indicate that Salvia cryptantha has antitumoral potential against breast cancer.
Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the essential oil of Clinopodium vulgare L.
(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2007) Tepe, Bektas; Sihoglu-Tepe, Arzuhan; Daferera, Dimitra; Polissiou, Moschos; Sokmen, Atalay
This study was designed to examine the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of the essential oil of Clinopodium vulgare. GC-MS analysis of the oil resulted in the identification of 40 compounds, representing 99.4% of the oil; thymol (38.9%), gamma-ter-pinene (29.6%) and p-cymene (9.1 %) were the main components. The samples were subjected to a screening for their possible antioxidant activity by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and beta-carotene-linoleic acid assays. In the first case, IC50 value of the C. vulgare essential oil was determined as 63.0 +/- 2.71 mu g/ml. IC50 value of thymol and gamma-terpinene, the major compounds of the oil, was determined as 161 +/- 1.3 mu g/ml and 122 +/- 2.5 mu g/ml, respectively, whereas p-cymene did not show antioxidant activity. In beta-carotene-linoleic acid system, C. vulgare essential oil exhibited 52.3 +/- 1.19% inhibition against linoleic acid oxidation. In both systems, antioxidant capacities of BHT, curcurnine and ascorbic acid were also determined in parallel experiments. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of the Essential Oils of Salvia palaestina (Bentham) and S. ceratophylla (L.)
(ACG PUBLICATIONS, 2012) Gursoy, Nevcihan; Tepe, Bektas; Akpulat, H. Askin
This study is designed to examine the chemical composition and in-vitro antioxidant activity of the essential oils of Salvia palaestina (Bentham) and S. ceratophylla (L.). GC-EIMS analyses of the essential oils were resulted in the determination 70 and 53 different compounds, representing 92.50% and 95.80% of the total oils, respectively. In S. palaestina oil, the major compounds were caryophyllene oxide (16.1%) and (E)-caryophyllene (4.5%). In S. ceratophylla oil, gamma-muurolene (11.4%) and alpha-pinene (7.6%) were the major compounds. Antioxidant activities of the samples were determined by four different test systems namely beta-carotene/linoleic acid, DPPH, reducing power and chelating effect. In all systems, S. palaestina oil showed greater activity profile than that of S. ceratophylla. None of the essential oils showed metal chelating effect.
Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the essential oils of three Salvia species from Turkish flora
(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2008) Kelen, Mustafa; Tepe, Bektas
Essential oils of three different Salvia species [Salvia aucheri var. aucheri (endemic), Salvia aramiensis and Salvia pilifera (endemic)] were screened for their possible antioxidant and antimicrobial properties as well as their chemical compositions. According to the gas chromatography (GC)/EIMS (gas chromatography/electron impact mass spectrum) analysis results; 41 (97.2%), 51 (98.5%) and 83 compounds (98.2%) were identified, respectively. While 1,8-cineole (30.5%), camphor (21.3%) and borneol (8.50%) are the major compounds for S. aucheri var. aucheri oil, beta-pinene (10.3%), was the main constituent for S. aramienesis together with 1,8-cineole (46.0%) and camphor (8.7%). In the case of S. pilifera oil, alpha-thujene (36. 1%) and alpha-pinene (13.8%) determined as the major compounds. Antioxidant activity was employed by two complementary test systems namely 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging and beta-carotene/linoleic acid systems. Antioxidant activity of S. aramiensis was found to be higher than those of the others for the both systems (12.26 +/- 1.09 and 92.46% +/- 1.64 mu g mg(-1), respectively). Additionally, antioxidant activities of BHT, curcumin, ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol were determined in parallel experiments. In the case of antimicrobial activity, similar activity pattern was obtained (both in disc diffusion and MIC tests). Antimicrobial activity of S. aramiensis was followed by S. aucheri var. aucheri and S. pilifera, respectively. In these experiments, the most sensitive microorganism Acinetobacter lwoffii was followed by Candida albicans. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Chemical Composition, Radical Scavenging and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oils of Thymus boveii and Thymus hyemalis
(ACG PUBLICATIONS, 2011) Tepe, Bektas; Sarikurkcu, Cengiz; Berk, Seyda; Alim, Ahmet; Akpulat, H. Askin
This study was designed to examine the in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essential oil of T. boveii and T. hyemalis. According to the results of GC-EIMS analysis, essential oils were found rich in phenols and hydrocarbons. p-cymene, thymol and carvacrol were mainly found as the major compounds for the essential oils. Both plant species showed remarkable antioxidant activity in all test systems except chelating effect. In the case of antimicrobial activity, the oils showed remarkable growth inhibition against the tested microorganism except K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, L. monocytogenes, P. fluorescens.
Clarification on a published paper in iran j parasitol
(Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), 2015) Degerli, Serpil; Tepe, Bektas
[No abstract available]
Clarification on a Published Paper in Iran J Parasitol
(IRANIAN SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY, 2015) Degerli, Serpil; Tepe, Bektas
…
Determination of chemical profile, antioxidant, DNA damage protection and antiamoebic activities of Teucrium polium and Stachys iberica
(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2011) Tepe, Bektas; Degerli, Serpil; Arslan, Serdal; Malatyali, Erdogan; Sarikurkcu, Cengiz
This work deals with the evaluation of in vitro antioxidant, DNA preventing and antiamoebic activities of the water extracts of Teucrium polium and Stachys iberica. In all systems, T. polium extract exhibited excellent activity potential than that of S. iberica. The amount of total phenolics and flavonoids were high in this extract. In the presence of 40 mg/ml T. polium extract, a significant protection was observed for native super coiled DNA of pBR322 plasmid DNA. In the presence of 32 mg/ml of T polium extract, no trophozoite was after the 24th hour. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Determination of In Vitro Antioxidative and Antimicrobial Properties and Total Phenolic Contents of Ziziphora clinopodioides, Cyclotrichium niveum, and Mentha longifolia ssp typhoides var. typhoides
(MARY ANN LIEBERT INC, 2009) Gursoy, Nevcihan; Sihoglu-Tepe, Arzuhan; Tepe, Bektas
The aerial parts of Ziziphora clinopodioides, Cyclotrichium niveum, and Mentha longifolia ssp. typhoides var. typhoides were screened for their possible antioxidant and antimicrobial activities in addition to their penolic contents. Antioxidant activity was employed by two complementary test systems: 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging and beta-carotene/linoleic acid. In the first case, Z. clinopodioides was superior to the other species with a 50% inhibitory concentration value of 37.73 +/- 1.18 mu g/mg. Similar results were obtained from the b- carotene/linoleic acid system. Inhibition capacity of the linoleic acid of Z. clinopodioides was 83.56 +/- 1.19%. Additionally, antioxidant activities of butylated hydroxytoluene, curcumin, and ascorbic acid were determined in parallel experiments. Methanol extracts obtained from the plants studied were found to have moderate antimicrobial activity against all microorganisms tested. In general, Z. clinopodioides extract exhibited stronger activity than the other extracts. On the other hand, Acinetobacter lwoffii and Candida krusei were the most sensitive microorganisms for the all extracts. The amount of the total phenolics was highest in Z. clinopodioides extract (129.55 +/- 2.26 mu g/mg),followed by M. longifolia ssp. typhoides var. typhoides (93.47 +/- 1.84 mu g/mg). It is extremely important to note that there is a positive correlation between antioxidant activity potential and amount of phenolic compounds.
Determination of the Antimicrobial and Antioxidative Properties and Total Phenolics of Two "Endemic" Lamiaceae Species from Turkey: Ballota rotundifolia L. and Teucrium chamaedrys C. Koch
(SPRINGER, 2009) Gursoy, Nevcihan; Tepe, Bektas
This study was designed to examine the in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities and the amount of total phenolics of the methanol extracts of Ballota rotundifolia L. and Teucrium chamaedrys C. Koch. In the case of antimicrobial activity tests, polar sub-fractions of the methanol extracts of plant species exhibited weakest antimicrobial activity when compared with the non-polar ones. While, non-polar sub-fraction of B. rotundifolia showed moderate activity against A. lwoffii, C. perfringens and the yeasts, T. chamaedrys performed excellent activity pattern against all of the tested microorganisms. The sub-fractions were also screened for their possible antioxidant activities by two complementary tests, namely DPPH free radical-scavenging and beta-carotene/linoleic acid assays. Non-polar extracts of the plant species remained inactive in both test systems. On the other hand polar extracts showed remarkable antioxidant activities. In DPPH system, free radical scavenging effect of T. chamaedrys was measured as 18.00 +/- 1.42 A mu g.mg(-1). It is extremely important to point out that, polar sub-fraction of T. chamaedrys is found as effective as the positive control BHT. Non-polar sub-fraction of T. chamaedrys found to have the highest total phenolic amount (97.12 A +/- 1.28 mu g/mg). Results obtained from this experiment confirm the relationship between the amount of phenolics and biological activities.
Effect of black mulberry (Morus nigra) extract treatment on cognitive impairment and oxidative stress status of d-galactose-induced aging mice
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2016) Turgut, Nergiz Hacer; Mert, Derya Guliz; Kara, Haki; Egilmez, Hatice Reyhan; Arslanbas, Emre; Tepe, Bektas; Gungor, Huseyin; Yilmaz, Nese; Tuncel, Necati Baris
Context: Morus nigra L. (Moraceae) has various uses in traditional medicine. However, the effect of M. nigra on cognitive impairment has not been investigated yet. Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the phenolic acid content and DNA damage protection potential of M. nigra leaf extract and to investigate the extract effect on cognitive impairment and oxidative stress in aging mice. Materials and methods: Phenolic acid content was determined by quantitative chromatographic analysis. DNA damage protection potential was evaluated on pBR322 plasmid DNA. Thirty-two Balb-C mice were randomly divided into four groups (control, d-galactose, d-galactose + M. nigra 50, and d-galactose + M. nigra 100). Mice were administered d-galactose (100 mg/kg, subcutaneous) and M. nigra (50 or 100 mg/kg, orally) daily for 8 weeks. Behavioral responses were evaluated with Morris water maze. Activities of antioxidant enzymes and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were assayed in serum, brain, and liver. Results: In extract, vanillic (632.093 mu g/g) and chlorogenic acids (555.0 mu g/g) were determined. The extract between 0.02 and 0.05 mg/mL effectively protected all DNA bands against the hazardous effect of UV and H2O2. Morus nigra significantly improved learning dysfunctions (p< 0.01), increased memory retention (p < 0.01), reduced MDA levels (p < 0.05), and elevated SOD, GPx, and CAT activities (p < 0.05) compared with the d-galactose group. Discussion and conclusion: These results show that M. nigra has the potential in improving cognitive deficits in mice and that M. nigra may be useful to suppress aging, partially due to its scavenging activity of free radicals and high antioxidant capacity.
Essential Oil Composition and Antioxidant Activities of Alkanet (Alkanna tinctoria subsp. tinctoria)
(SPRINGER, 2010) Ozer, M. Sabih; Sarikurkcu, Cengiz; Tepe, Bektas; Can, Sendil
This study is designed to examine the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of the hydrodistillated essential oil and the various extracts of alkanet (Alkanna tinctoria subsp. tinctoria). Gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the essential oil were resulted in the determination of 27 different compounds, representing 93.32% of the total oil. The major compounds detected in the oil, were pulegone (22.27%), 1,8-cineole (13.03%), alpha-terpinyl acetate (6.87%), and isophytol (6.83%), respectively. Antioxidant activities of thy samples were determined by 4 different test systems namely beta-carotene/linoleic acid, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), reducing power, and chelating effect. In all systems, essential oil showed the weakest activity profile. On the other hand, ethyl acetate and water extracts exhibited excellent antioxidant activities. As well as the antioxidant activities of the extracts, they were evaluated in terms of their total phenolic and flavonoid contents. In parallel to the experiments, ethyl acetate and water extracts were found to be rich-in these phytochemicals.
Essential oil composition and antioxidant activity of Thymus longicaulis C. Presl subsp longicaulis var. longicaulis
(PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2010) Sarikurkcu, Cengiz; Ozer, M. Sabih; Eskici, Mustafa; Tepe, Bektas; Can, Sendil; Mete, Ebru
This study is designed to examine the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of the hydro-distillated essential oil and various extracts obtained from Thymus longicaulis subsp. longicaulis var. Iongicaulis. GC and GC MS analysis of the essential oil were resulted in determination 22 different compounds, representing 99.61% of total oil. gamma-terpinene, thymol and p-cymene were determined as the major compounds of the oil (27.80, 27.65 and 19.38%. respectively). Antioxidant activities of the samples were determined by four different test systems namely beta-carotene/linoleic acid, DPPH, reducing power and chelating effect. Essential oil showed the highest antioxidant activity in beta-carotene/linoleic acid system among the experiments examined. In the case of other test systems, in general, methanol and water extracts exhibited the strongest activity profiles. Especially, reducing power of water extract was found superior than those of synthetic antioxidants. As well as the antioxidant activities of the extracts, they were evaluated in terms of their total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Hexane and water extracts were found to be rich-in phenolics. However, flavonoids were determined in the highest level in methanol extract. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Evaluation of Antioxidant Activities of 3 Edible Mushrooms: Ramaria flava (Schaef.: Fr.) Quel., Rhizopogon roseolus (Corda) TM Fries., and Russula delica Fr.
(KOREAN SOCIETY FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY-KOSFOST, 2010) Gursoy, Nevcihan; Sarikurkcu, Cengiz; Tepe, Bektas; Solak, M. Halil
The methanolic extracts of Ramaria flava, Rhizopogon roseolus", and Russula delica were analyzed for their antioxidant, activities in different test systems including. beta-carotene/linoleic acid, 1.1-dipheny1-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, reducing power, and metal chelating activities in addition to their total phenolic and flavonoid contents. In the first case, methanol extract of R. roseolus showed the strongest activity. In DPPH system, the scavenging effects increased with the concentration. The reducing power of the mushroom also increased with concentration. Chelating effect was 96.75 +/- 0.28% for R. flava In the case of total phenolic and flavonoid assays, R. flaw found to have the highest phenolic content. Total flavonoid content of R. flava again found the superior to the other mushrooms. Experimental results indicate that the mushroom species evaluated here can be consumed safely. On the other hand, knowing the biological activity of these mushrooms will contribute to the establishment of conscious consumption.
Evaluation of in vitro effect of Morus rubra (red mulberry) on survival of periodontal ligament cells
(MOSBY-ELSEVIER, 2008) Ozan, Fatih; Tepe, Bektas; Polat, Zuebeyde Akin; Er, Kuesat
Objective. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of the juice of Morus rubra fruit to serve as a temporary storage medium for the maintenance of periodontal ligament (PDL) cell viability of avulsed teeth. Study design. PDL cells were obtained from healthy third molars and cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM). Cultures were subjected to 4.0%, 2.5%, 1.5%, and 0.5% of the juice of M. rubra fruit, Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS), phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and tap water. Tissue culture plates were incubated with experimental media at 37 C for 1, 3, 6, 12, or 24 hours. PDL cell viability was assessed by trypan blue exclusion. Statistical analysis of the data was accomplished using 1-way analysis of variance complemented by the Tukey test. The level of significance was 5% (P<.05). Results. The efficacy of 4.0% and 2.5% M. rubra at 3, 6, and 12 hours was found to be significantly better than HBSS (P<.05). At 24 hours, 4% M. rubra was found to be similar to HBSS, but 2.5% M. rubra was found to be significantly worse than HBSS (P<.005). The results showed that juice of the fruit sample of M. rubra studied at a concentration of 4% was a more effective storage medium than other groups. Conclusion. Juice of the fruit of M. rubra can be recommended as a suitable transport medium for avulsed teeth.

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