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    Conservation activities for Mountain viper, Montivipera albizona (Nilson, Andrén and Flärdh, 1990) in Anatolia, Turkey
    (Union of Scientists in Bulgaria - Plovdiv, 2018) Çiçek, Kerim; Afsar, Murat; Bağda, Efkan; Tok, Cemal Varol
    The Mountain viper, Montivipera albizona, is an endemic to Anatolia and distributes in Anatolian Diagonal, Anti-Taurus Mountains and Amanos Mountains. Unfortunately, the species faced serious threats within narrow distribution range. Here, we evaluated the present status and main threats of the Mountain viper by 60-days intensive fieldwork and interviews with locals. According to our data, the Mountain viper prefers the rocky and those mountainous and rugged areas covered with less vegetation and they are active from the beginning of April to end of November. In spring, it is possible to observe 1 to 5 individuals in the suitable habitats depending on its density. We prepared 5-year Action Plan for Turkish General Directorate of Nature Conservation and National Parks and planned the roadmap for sustainability of the species with participation of regional administration, NGOs, and locals. We found that agricultural activities, overgrazing, road constructions, quarries, pet trade, sportive hunting, deliberate or accidental killing, and climatic change are the main threats on the Mountain viper in Anatolia. The main conservation measures include: creating some protected habitats in the high viper density regions, long-term monitoring survey to obtain data on its ecology and population trends, education and awareness raising activities among locals to prevent illegal collection/killing of the vipers. © Ecologia Balkanica.
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    An investigation on endoparasites of Rana ridibunda complex (s. I.) with dermal parasite (metacercariae) in Dalaman (Turkey)
    (TRIVENI ENTERPRISES, 2007) Unal, Guler; Saygi, Gulendame; Ayaz, Dincer; Tok, Cemal Varol
    In this study, endoparasites of the Rana ridibunda specimens collected from Dalaman area, southwestern Turkey were investigated. In the intestine of 17 specimens of R. ridibunda, five different parasites, represented by three species of the trematoda (Diplodiscus sp, Pleurogenoides sp, Plagiorchis sp) and two genera of round worms (Cosmocerca sp; Foleyella sp) were recognized. The trematoda and one of the round worms were found in the rectal region whereas the other round worm species are observed in the abdominal cavity.
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    A Trematode Parasite Infecting the Skin of Rana ridibunda Complex (Sensu Lato) from Dalaman (Mugla, Turkey)
    (TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2010) Unal, Guler; Ayaz, Dincer; Tok, Cemal Varol; Saygi, Gulendame
    We examined the structure of the black spots on the ventral surface of Rana ridibunda specimens, which were collected from the west Anatolia region of Turkey, and a multi-cellular parasite was discovered under these spots on the dermis within a cyst. The number of melanocytes had increased and the connective tissue of the dermis had surrounded the cyst. The parasite was a trematode in its metacercarial stage.