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Öğe Anti-biofilm and antimicrobial activity of Mentha pulegium L essential oil against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(PHARMACOTHERAPY GROUP, 2016) Tutar, Ugur; Celik, Cem; Karaman, Isa; Atas, Mehmet; Hepokur, CeylanPurpose: To investigate the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities of essential oil from Mentha pulegieum L. (EOMP) on multi-drug resistant (MDR) isolates of A. baumannii, as well as its phytochemical composition, antioxidant properties and cytotoxic activity. Methods: The phytochemical composition of EOMP was analyzed by gas chromatography, while its antimicrobial activities were determined by disc diffusion and broth micro-dilution methods. Minimal biofilm inhibition concentration (MBIC) and minimal biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) tests were used for assessment of its anti-biofilm properties. Viability in the biofilm was studied using 2,3-bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) assay, while colorimetric assay was used to assess its cytotoxicity on L929 cells Results: D-isomenthone, pulegone, isopulegone, menthol and piperitenone were the major components of the plant extract. EOMP produced > 22 mm inhibition zone for the isolates, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and MBIC of 0.6 -2.5 and 0.6 -1.25 mu L/mL, respectively, while MBEC was >= 10 mu L/msL. EOMP damaged biofilm structures formed by A. baumannii strains at MIC by 26 - 91 %. Conclusion: These results suggest that EOMP contains agents that may be useful in the development of new drugs against A. baumannii infections.Öğe ANTI-BIOFILM, ANTIMICROBIAL AND CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF ACHILLEA MILLEFOLIUM L. ESSENTIAL OIL(PARLAR SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS (P S P), 2018) Tutar, UgurThis research was conducted to investigate the anti-biofilm and antimicrobial activities of essential oil from Achillea millefolium L. (EOAM) on clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, as well as its chemical composition, and cytotoxic activity. The chemical composition of EOAM was analyzed by gas chromatography. Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities were determined by broth micro-dilution method. Colorimetric assay was used to assess its cytotoxicity on human osteosarcoma (MG63), human breast cancer (MCF-7), and mouse fibroblast (L929) cell lines. Viability in the biofilm was studied using 2,3-bis (2- methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) assay. 3-Cyclopenten-l-one, 2-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl) (28.94 %), piperitone oxide (25.74 %), carvacrol (15.41 %), eucalyptol (5.16 %) and limonene (3.23 %) were the major components of the essential oil. ICso value was found to be 28.07 mu g/mL, 19.02 mu g/mL, 41.35 mu g/mL in the MCF-7, MG-63, and L929 cell line, respectively. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were found in the range of 12.5-25 mu l/mL, whereas bactericidal activities reached higher concentrations values in the order of 25 and 50 mu l/mL. Minimal biofilm inhibition concentration (MBIC) value was found to be 1.56-12.5 (mu l/mL) while minimal biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) value was found to be 6.25-50 (mu l/mL). EOAM damaged viability in the biofilm at MIC value by 35.3-94.3 %. These findings suggest that EOAM contains components that may be useful for the development of potential phytotherapeutic agents against S. aureus infections.Öğe Antimicrobial Efficacy of Chlorhexidine and Licorice Mouthwashes in Children(GALENOS YAYINCILIK, 2019) Oznurhan, Fatih; Buldur, Burak; Carti, Ozgul; Tutar, Ugur; Celik, Cem; Hepokur, CeylanObjective: The aim of this in vivo study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a simple herbal caries-prevention protocol for reducing salivary Streptococcus mutans levels in children. Materials and Methods: A total of 90 individuals were recruited randomly divided into three groups (n=30). Mouthwashes including chlorhexidine CHX), licorice and saline were used as tested antimicrobial agents, and saliva samples were collected before rinsing, at the end of 5 min T1) and 60 min T2) following rinsing, and the differences were calculated within 5-60 min T3). Plaques were evaluated following incubation, and counts of the growing colonies were performed in colony forming units CFU)/mL. Decreases in CFU were calculated in ratio for statistical analysis. Data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U, Friedman and Wilcoxon signed rank tests by Bonferroni correction, using a 0.05 of significance level. Results: CHX caused significantly different decreases for T1 and T2 p<0.05), but, there were no significant differences between CHX and licorice for T3 p>0.05). Conclusion: Licorice might be a useful agent for dental procedures and further studies are needed to learn more about the dose of licorice, the ratio of glycyrrhizin and the duration of dental therapy.Öğe Antimicrobial, anti-biofilm and cytotoxic properties of methallyl functionalized benzimidazolium-derived Ag(I)-N- heterocyclic carbene complexes(Pharmacotherapy Group, 2022) Celik, Cem; Tutar, Ugur; Sahin, Neslihan; Ozturk, AysegulPurpose: To investigate the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and cytotoxicity properties of methallyl substituted benzimidazolium-based, silver-bound N-heterocyclic carbene (Ag(I)-NHC) complexes, with respect to their potential to act as antimicrobial agents. Methods: The antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and cytotoxicity properties of the four complexes, the synthesis and characterization of which were carried out previously, were investigated. The antimicrobial properties were tested using the broth microdilution method, while their antibiofilm potential were determined by microtiter plate assay. The L-929 cell line was used for cytotoxic studies. Results: Strong antibiofilm and antimicrobial effects were produced by Ag(I)-NHC complexes. Compounds 2 and 3 showed potent activities against E. coli strain, with effects similar to that of positive control antibiotic, while compounds 1 and 4 exhibited antimicrobial activity at a concentration of 31.2 mu g/mL. The compounds were effective against biofilms formed at concentrations in the range of 32 - 84 %, and degraded mature biofilms at a concentration range of 14 -66 %. Compounds 1 and 2 did not significantly affect cell survival (p > 0.05), while compounds 3 and 4 significantly reduced cell survival, when compared with untreated cells in the control group (p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study may be one of the few studies on benzimidazolium-derived NHCs. The compounds which produced antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and cytotoxic properties in this study may be valuable and novel antimicrobial agents. Therefore, there is need for further in vivo and in vitro studies on these compounds.Öğe Effect of Coelomic Fluid on Wound Healing in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats(WILEY, 2017) Hepokur, Ali Ihsan; Ozdemir, Ercan; Tutar, Ugur…Öğe Evaluation of antimicrobial, antibiofilm and carbonic anhydrase inhibition profiles of 1,3-bis-chalcone derivatives(WILEY, 2019) Tutar, Ugur; Kocyigit, Umit M.; Gezegen, HayreddinA series of 1,3-bis-chalcone derivatives (3a-i, 6a-i and 8) were synthesized and evaluated antimicrobial, antibiofilm and carbonic anhydrase inhibition activities. In this evaluation, 6f was found to be the most active compound showing the same effect as the positive control against Bacillus subtilis and Streptococcus pyogenes in terms of antimicrobial activity. Biofilm structures formed by microorganisms were damaged by compounds at the minimum inhibitory concentration value between 0.5% and 97%.1,3-bis-chalcones ( 3a-i, 6a-i and 8) showed good inhibitory action against human (h) carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoforms I and II. hCA I and II were effectively inhibited by these compounds, with K-i values in the range of 94.33 +/- 13.26 to 787.38 +/- 82.64nM for hCA I, and of 100.37 +/- 11.41 to 801.76 +/- 91.11nM for hCA II, respectively. In contrast, acetazolamide clinically used as CA inhibitor showed K-i value of 1054.38 +/- 207.33nM against hCA I, and 983.78 +/- 251.08nM against hCA II, respectively.Öğe Evaluation of the Antibiofilm and Antimicrobial Properties of Ziziphora tenuior L. Essential Oil Against Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(ASIAN NETWORK SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION-ANSINET, 2016) Celik, Cem; Tutar, Ugur; Karaman, Isa; Hepokur, Ceylan; Atas, MehmetAcinetobacter baumannii is one of the most important gram-negative microorganisms which lead to opportunistic hospital-acquired infections. A great part of the infections it causes is produced by strain resistant to all the antibiotics used. In our study, the Essential Oil (EO) of the Ziziphora tenuior L. antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects on multidrug resistant (MDR) A. baumannii isolates were researched. In addition, antioxidant, cytotoxic activity and chemical composition of EO were investigated. As a result of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the Z. tenuior EO pulegone was found as the major component by 74.37%. It was observed when the antimicrobial activity of the EO was examined that it had >30 mm disc diffusion values. Minimal Inhibition Concentration (MIC) values were found between 0.6-1.25 mu L mL(-1) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) values were found between 2.5-5 mu L mL(-1). Minimal biofilm inhibition concentration (MBIC) values of the EO were found as 0.3-1.25 mu L m L-1 and Minimal Biofilm Eradication Concentration (MBEC) value as 5-10 mu L mL(-1). It was seen that the MIC value damaged the biofilm formations constituted by the A. baumannii strains by 51-84%. At 25, 12.5 and 6.25% EO concentrations, no cytotoxic appeared for the fibroblast cells in terms of the cytotoxic activities (p>0.05). Findings that were obtained in our study seem promising for the development of phytotherapeutic agents that could be used in the treatment of the MDR A. baumannii infections.Öğe Evaluation of the compatibility of Phoenix 100 and Microflex LT MALDI-TOF MS systems in the identification of routinely isolated microorganisms in the clinic microbiology laboratory(WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH, 2016) Celik, Cem; Uysal, Elif Bilge; Tutar, Ugur; Erturk, Rahsan; Bakici, Mustafa Zahir; Gozel, Mustafa GokhanBackground: Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is a quick, reliable, and efficient system for identifying microorganisms. Many centers that use the Phoenix 100 system today may adopt aMALDI-TOF MS system in the future. Our laboratory recently undertook this pivot. The present study evaluates the reproducibility of species identifications made by the Phoenix 100 and MALDI-TOF MS systems, during a period of transitioning laboratory instrumentation. Methods: Eight hundred and twelve microbial isolates, from aerobic cultures of different clinical samples, were identified simultaneously with Phoenix 100 (Becton Dick-inson, Sparks, MD, USA) and a Microflex LT MALDI-TOF MS (Bruker Daltonics, Bremen, Germany) devices. Results: Both systems made identical species assignments for 98.9%, 92.1%, 95.1%, and 93.1% of Gram-negative isolates, catalase-positive Gram-positive cocci isolates, cat-alase-negative Gram-positive cocci isolates, and Candida isolates, respectively. Conclusions: Identifications made by two instruments commonly used in microbiology laboratories, the Phoenix 100 and the Microflex LT MALDI-TOF MS, are highly consistent.Öğe In vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic activities, and wound healing potential of Thymbra capitata ethanolic extract(Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2020) Hepokur, Ceylan; Misir, Sema; Tunc, Tutku; Tutar, Ugur; Hepokur, Ali Ihsan; Cicek, MehmetObjectives: In this study, we aimed to detect the chemical compounds of Thymbra capitata ethanolic extract (TC-EtOH) as well as to evaluated its antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic activities, and in vivo wound healing effects. Methods: The chemical composition of TC-EtOH was analyzed by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties were determined with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), disc diffusion test and broth micro-dilution (minimal inhibitory concentration [MIC]) methods, respectively. Cytotoxic activity was tested on MG63 (human osteosarcoma) and MCF-7 (human breast carcinoma) cells by 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) assay. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) protein levels were determined by ELISA. Results: The major components of TC-EtOH were tetratria contane (14.92%), camphor (12.50%), and terpineol (10.77%). TC-EtOH showed powerful antimicrobial activity in C. Tropicalis (0.03 mg/mL). The IC50 values of the TC-EtOH of the DPPH were determined 21.5 mu g/mL. The IC50 values were calculated 37.28 and 44.40 mu g/mL on the MG63 and MCF-7 cell lines, respectively. It was observed that the wounds treated with TC-EtOH showed a faster healing. Conclusions: According to results, T. capitata species are thought to be natural antioxidants and a novel pharmaceutical compound for the pharmaceutical industry.Öğe Investigation of the Antibiofilm Effects of Mentha longifolia Essential Oil on Titanium and Stainless Steel Orthopedic Implant Surfaces(AVES, 2019) Pazarci, Ozhan; Tutar, Ugur; Kilinc, SeyranObjective: This study aimed to determine the antibiofilm activity of Mentha longifolia essential oil (EO) against biofilms forming on in-vitro implant surfaces. Materials and Methods: Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Candida albicans biofilms were used. Stainless steel and titanium samples were grouped as control, water diluted, no EO addition, and reducing amounts of EO doses. The six microorganisms included in the study were investigated to examine if there were differences between the doses on the implant surfaces. The eradication effect of the EO in samples investigated with electron microscope was classified as 0: none, 1: mild, 2: moderate, and 3: severe. The chemical composition of the EO was determined with gas chromatography. Results: In terms of biofilm formation, no difference was observed between implant surfaces. While S. aureus and C. albicans were observed to be the most susceptible, P. aeruginosa was identified as the most resistant. According to gas chromatography, M. longifolia EO comprised 61.40% carvacrol and 0.28% thymol. Conclusion: In vitro, M. longifolia EO was shown to be effective against gram negative/positive and fungal biofilms forming on the surface of stainless steel and titanium implants.Öğe Study of the Effect of Essential Oil of Salvia glutinosa L. on Microbial Biofilm Formation by Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii(AMER INST PHYSICS, 2016) Tutar, Ugur; Aslan, I; Bayrak, Y; Akdemir, AO; Ekinci, A; Polat, K; Dadasoglu, F; Turkoglu, EAAcinetobacter baumannii is becoming a serious concern in the treatment of infections that can develop resistance to many antibiotics. This persistence may he explained by its capacity to form biotilms. In our study, the essential oil (ED) of the Salvia glutinosa plant, was obtained through the hydrodistillation method. Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of the PO on the 20 multi-drug resistant (MDR) Abaumannii isolates were researched. Broth microdilution methods were applied for the determination of the antimicrobial activity. For the &tern-lined antibiofilm activity, the Minimal Biofilm Inhibition Concentration (MBIC) test was implemented with the microtiter plate method. Photometric assay was applied for the identification of the antioxidant capacity and colorimetric assay was used to specify the cytotoxicity of the E0 of S. glutinosa on L929 cells. In our study, Minimal Inhibition Concentration (MIC) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) values between 1..25-2.5 (il/mL arid 5-10 p1/mi. respectively. MBIC value of the EU was found as 0.3-2.5 pl/mL. 1050= = 24.4 0.66 was found as the antioxidant capacity of the EU. At 25%, 12.5% and 6.25% PO concentrations, no cytotoxicity appeared for the fibroblast cells in terms of the cytotoxic activities (p>0.05). According to the findings obtained in our study, antibiofilm, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the S. glutinosa PO seem remarkable. These findings seem promising for the development of potential phytotherapeutic agents in the treatment of the multi-drug resistance (MDR)A.baumantiii infections.Öğe Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Racemic 1,5-Diols: 2-(1,3-Diaryl-3-hydroxypropyl)cyclohexan-1-ol Derivatives(WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH, 2016) Gezegen, Hayreddin; Tutar, Ugur; Ceylan, MustafaA series of novel racemic 2-(1,3-diaryl-3-hydroxypropyl)cyclohexan-1-ol derivatives were synthesized from 1,5-diketones. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods. The antibacterial activities of obtained chiral 1,5-diols were investigated against four Gram-positive and three Gram-negative bacteria by determining of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) in vitro. Compounds 3b, 3c, and 3d were found to be active against Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli. In addition, compound 3j were found to be moderately active against all tested bacterial strains.Öğe Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel 1-(4-(Hydroxy(1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-inden-2-ylidene)methyl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea Derivatives(WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH, 2017) Gezegen, Hayreddin; Hepokur, Ceylan; Tutar, Ugur; Ceylan, MustafaA series of novel phenylurea containing 2-benzoylindan-1-one derivatives 3a - 3j were synthesized from the reaction of phenylurea-substituted acetophenones 1a - 1j with phthalaldehyde 2 under mild reaction conditions in good yields. All synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods. The obtained compounds (3a - 3j) were evaluated for anticancer activity against HeLa and C6 cell lines. Antiproliferative activity was determined by the BrdU proliferation ELISA assay, 3f and 3g were found to be most active compounds. The compounds were also screened for antimicrobial activity and all compounds showed remarkable activity against used microorganisms.Öğe Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel indenopyrazole derivatives(WILEY, 2019) Gezegen, Hayreddin; Tutar, Ugur; Hepokur, Ceylan; Ceylan, MustafaA series of novel indenopyrazole derivatives 2a-j and 3a-j were synthesized from the reaction of 1-(4-(hydroxy(1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-inden-2-ylidene)methyl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea derivatives 1a-j with hydrazine and phenylhydrazine, respectively. The obtained novel indenopyrazoles (2a-j and 3a-j) were evaluated for anticancer activity against HeLa and C6 cell lines. Antiproliferative activity was determined by the BrdU proliferation ELISA assay; 2a, 2b, 2d, 2h, and 3h were found to be the most active compounds. The compounds were also screened for antimicrobial activity, and all compounds showed moderate activity against used microorganisms.Öğe Synthesis of Bis-Nicotinonitrile Derivatives and Investigations of Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities(Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2023) Tutar, Ugur; Gezegen, HayreddinIn this study aimed to the synthesis of novel bis-nicotinonitrile derivatives starting from 1,3-bis-chalcones and investigate their antimicrobial activity potentials. Bis-nicotinonitrile derivatives were synthesized from 1,3-bis-chalcone derivatives reacted with malononitrile in ethanol in the presence of potassium carbonate. Characterization of the obtained compounds was carried out by spectroscopic methods. In total, 12 new 1,3-phenylene-bis-nicotinonitrile derivatives were synthesized. Finally, the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of synthesized 1,3-phenylene-bis-nicotinonitrile derivatives were tested against 5 microorganisms. As a result, it was observed that the synthesized new nicotinonitrile derivatives were quite active especially in terms of antibiofilm activity. In this study, the synthesis of new 1,3-phenylene-bis-nicotinonitrile derivatives starting from 1,3-bischalcones and their antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities are reported. In this context, 12 new 1,3-phenylene-bis-nicotinonitrile derivatives were synthesized and their structure analyzes were carried out using spectroscopic methods. As a result of antimicrobial and antibiofilm studies performed against 5 microorganisms, it was observed that the synthesized compounds had remarkable effects especially in terms of antibiofilm activity.image
