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A determination of the main regulators of necroptosis in testicular tissue under different heat stresses
(Springer, 2025) Tatar, Musa; Tufekci, Kiymet Kubra; Uslu, Sema
Although minimal increases in testicular temperature can compromise spermatogenesis and lead to fertility-related problems, the basic mechanism involved in germ cell destruction as a response to heat stress is still unclear. However, necroptosis is known to regulate a number of physiological and pathological events. This study investigated the role of RIPK1/RIPK3 and MLKL, the main regulators of necroptosis, against different heat stresses in testis tissue. Forty-two Wistar albino rats were divided into seven groups: six experimental exposed to heat stress and one control. Heat stress was induced by causing the rats to swim for 30 min daily for 60 days in a water bath at temperatures of 39 degrees C and 43 degrees C. Testis tissues were collected while the animals were under anesthesia on the 1st, 7th, and 14th days after 60 days of heat application. The tissues were first fixed in Bouin's solution. After routine histological procedures, immunohistochemical staining was performed on one-half of the tissues using RIPK1/RIPK3 and MLKL primary antibodies on serially collected 5 mu m-thick sections. Immunoblotting analysis was performed on the other half. Analyses revealed an increase in the expression of RIPK1/RIPK3 and MLKL proteins, regulators of necroptosis, in both the 39 degrees C and 43 degrees C groups, although this was greater in the tissue exposed to 43 degrees C heat stress. These molecules were also especially affected by round and elongated spermatids, and reactivity was observed in Leydig cells. In conclusion, exposure to increased temperature may cause RIPK1/RIPK3 and MLKL-mediated cellular changes in the testis.
Case of Salivary Cyst in a Aseel Rooster
(Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, 2016) Alkan, İsmail; Kuşçu, Yağmur; Sancak, Tunahan; Atasoy, Nazmi; Arı, Hasan Hüseyin; Uslu, Sema
This case consists of ten months old aseel rooster that was consulted to YYU, Surgery Clinic of Veterinary Medicine. Information of swollen in cavum oris, wheezing, anorexia, loss of weight were obtained in anamnesis. Patient was examined with this anamnesis. Cystic formation that is soft and noticing with palpation was determined in the salivary glands of the palate and dorsal wall of the pharynx. Operation was performed to cystic formation which is thought in gll. mandibulares. Caseous content was emptied. Cavity was irrigated with teinture d’iode. For microbiological and histological evaluation, samples were taken from content and cyst wall. In microbiological evaluation Streptoccusspp was determined. In histopathologic evaluation proliferation of Stratum spinozum cells, diversity in submucosal histiocytes and proliferation in macrophages were determined. Glycerin iode and systematic antibiotics were advised.
Distribution of Connective Tissue Fibres in the Feline Ovary and Uterus
(Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 2022) Uslu, Sema; Baycumendur, Füsun Erhan
Connective tissue is significant because it is one of the supporting tissues, it connects organs and keeps them in place, it contains inflammatory response components, and it provides the environment in which metabolic exchange occurs between cells. Collagen fibres are the most common type of connective tissue component. Type 3 collagen, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans make up reticular fibres. They allow the uterus and ovaries to contract and stretch since they are situated in between the muscles and collagen fibres in these organs. According to the requirements of the microenvironment in which they are found, elastic fibers have persistent changeable functionalities and are resistant to tensile forces. After regular histological tissue follow-up after washing, tissues removed from the ovaries and uterus of cats were fixed in 10% formaldehyde and blocked in the paraplast. Sections from the prepared blocks were cut at a thickness of 5–6 µm. The distribution and structure of these yarns were studied using the methods of Orsein for the structure of elastic yarns derived from connective tissue yarns, Van Gieson's for the structure of collagen yarns, and Gordon and Sweet's dyeing process for the structure of reticulum yarns. It was determined that the ovary and uterus had increased collagen fiber dispersion. Less dispersion was observed in reticulum and elastic fibres. The collagen fibres in the elastic and reticulum fibres, which were arranged in thick bundles between the follicles in the ovary, were found to have a thinner structure. It was noted that the collagen fibres were more thickly distributed in the lamina propria of the uterine endometrium, where the elastic and reticulum fibres were formed from thin filaments.
THE EFFECT OF BARLEY GRASS ON ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY AND DNA DAMAGE IN RAT WITH RENAL FAILURE
(PARLAR SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS (P S P), 2017) Comba, Bahat; Mis, Leyla; Uslu, Sema; Comba, Arzu
This study was aimed to search the effect of barley grass (BG) on the Total Antioxidant (TAS)-Oxidant Status (TOS) and DNA damage (8OHdG) in rat with renal failure. The rats which are used in the study were randomly divided into 4 groups that each of has 8 rats: Control (C) group; injected i.p. with physiological saline once a day for 7 days, GM group; Gentamicin (80 mg/kg/day) was injected i.p. for 7 days, BG group; was given oral BG (250 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks, GM+BG group was injected gentamicin (80 mg/kg/day) with i.p. for 7 days and BG (250 mg/kg/day) was given by oral for 4 weeks. After from the process of experiment for 4 weeks, blood sample and kidney tissue were taken. The analyses of urea and creatinine were done by autoanalyser; TAS, TOS levels by colorimetric kits; 8OHdG level by ELISA kits in serum. The kidney tissues were examined histologically. In the GM+BG group was statistically decreased levels of urea, creatinine, TOS (p<0.05) and OSI (p<0.01) compared to GM group. In the group of BG was determined the levels of TAS p<0.05 statistically increased other groups. The statistical significance was not found in the level of serum 8OHdG differences between the groups. BG decreased widespread damage to the renal glomerulus and proximal tubulus. As a result, adverse effects of high dose gentamicin application such as kidney damage can be reduced when used barley grass.
Effect of Wheatgrass on DNA Damage, Oxidative Stress Index and Histological Findings in Diabetic Rats
(SOC CHILENA ANATOMIA, 2018) Mis, Leyla; Comba, Bahat; Uslu, Sema; Yeltekin, Asli
This study was aimed to search the effect of wheatgrass on the Total Antioxidan (TAS)-Oxidan Status (TOS) and DNA damage in rat with diabetes. The rats used in the study were randomly divided into 4 groups that each of has 10 rats: Control group; 1 ml single dose phosphate-citrate buffer injected i.p (pH: 4.5), Diabetes group; 45 mg/kg single dose streptozotocin injected i.p., Wheatgrass group; was given oral wheatgrass (10 ml/kg/day) for 6 weeks, Diabetes +Wheatgrass group; 45 mg/kg single dose streptozotocin injected i.p. and wheatgrass (10 mlikg/day) was given by oral during 6 weeks. After the process of experiment during 6 weeks, blood sample and pancreas tissue were taken. The analysis were done of blood glucose levels, TAS, TOS levels by colorimetric kits; DNA damage by ELISA kits in serum. The pancreas tissues were examined histopathologically. In the group of Diabetes+Wheatgrass was determined that the levels of glucose levels (p<0.001),TOS (p<0.05) and OSI (p<0.01) statistically decreased and heal histopatolojical compared to diabetes group. In the group of Wheatgrass was determined that the levels of TAS p<0.05 statistically increased from other groups. The statistical significance were not found in the level of serum 8OHdG differences between the groups. The beta cells were seen to increase in the group receiving wheatgrass for therapeutic purposes.As a conclusion, it was determined that wheatgrass strengthened the anti-oxidant defense system and reduced the glucose level in diabetic rats.
Effects of long-term release GnRH agonist "deslorelin" on testicular HSP expression, accessory sex glands and testicular functions in adult male rats
(ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2019) Eski, Funda; Cetin, Nebi; Uslu, Sema; Uslu, Baris Atalay; Sendag, Sait; Yoruk, Mecit; Naseer, Zahid; Wehrend, Axel; Shakeel, Muhammad
The objective of the present was to determine the effect of long-term release GnRH agonists "deslorelin" on suppression and restoration of testicular and accessory sex glands functions, and expression of HSP in testes of adult male rats. A group of twenty-eight male rats and fifty-six female rats were kept for eleven months. The male rats were subdivided into treatment (n = 18; deslorelin, an analogue of GnRH, 4.7 mg, S.C; six months) and control (n = 10; untreated), and the adult female rats were introduced with either treatment or control male rats at the 2nd, 6th and 11th months post implant insertion. At 6th month of deslorelin implants insertion, six male rats from treatment and five rats from control group were sacrificed. The remaining (twelve treatment and five control) male rats were sacrificed at 11 months. The testicular dimension were measured monthly in both treatment and control rats. The blood samples were collected for testosterone and HSP70 antibody, whereas, the testes and accessory glands were isolated for histological examination at each sacrificial time. The results showed that testicular dimension were significantly lesser in treatment group until 9 months post treatment. HSP70 protein expression was negligible at 6 months in treatment group but its intensity increased in spermatids 11 months of treatment similar to control group. Significantly lower testosterone concentrations with poor semen quality, and smaller litter size were observed in treatment group. The histological picture of accessory sex glands and seminiferous tubules shown a variable integrity in treatment group than control at 6 months implant insertion. In conclusion, the subcutaneous application of 4.7 mg of the GnRH-analogue deslorelin represents a practicable, like in the female rats, method to suppress testicular, accessory sex glands functions, testicular HSP expression and fertility in male rats. Moreover, the suppressive effects of deslorelin, continued until 11th months after removal of the implant. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Expression of ADAMTS 1-4-8 and placental growth factor in ovary and oviduct during pregnancy in the first trimester
(Wiley, 2023) Tatar, Musa; Tufekci, Kiymet Kubra; Uslu, Sema; Oner, Jale
A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease Domains with Thrombospondins Motifs (ADAMTS), proteinases responsible for the destruction of extracellular matrix structures, have essential roles in the physiological and pathological processes of the female reproductive system, which is a dynamic structure. This study aimed to evaluate the immunoreactivity of placental growth factor (PLGF) and ADAMTS' (1, -4, and -8) in the ovary and oviduct during pregnancy in the first trimester. Our findings suggest a predominant role of ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-8 as proteoglycan-degrading enzymes from the ADAMTS-1 in the first trimester. As an angiogenic factor, PLGF showed more immunoreactivity than ADAMTS-1 in the ovary. This study provides the first evidence that ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-8 are more expressed in ovarian cells and follicles at different developmental stages during the first trimester of pregnancy than ADAMTS-1. Consequently, we suggest that ADAMTSs and PLGF act together and may exert specific effects on the formation, stabilisation, and function (or a combination thereof) of the matrix surrounding and protecting the follicles.
Expression of placental growth factor and a disintegrin and metalloprotease with a thrombospondin type motifs 1-4-8 during the three trimesters of rat pregnancy at the maternal-fetal interface
(Wiley, 2023) Tatar, Musa; Uslu, Sema; Oner, Jale
The functional roles of the a disintegrin and metalloprotease with a thrombospondin type motifs (ADAMTS) gene family in reproductive physiology, reproductive organs developments and adult reproductive health are still under investigation. The expression of the anti-angiogenic proteases ADAMTS-1, ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-8 in placental angiogenesis at various stages of pregnancy also remains unclear. The purpose of this study was therefore to determine the localization and expression of the ADAMTS-1, ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-8 proteins during the three stages of pregnancy in rats. Maternal-fetal tissue samples were collected on Days 5, 12 and 19 of each trimester, corresponding to the first, second and third trimesters. The expression of placental growth factor (PlGF) and ADAMTS-1, ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-8 at the maternal-fetal interface was examined using immunohistochemistry and western blot at three distinct phases of pregnancy. ADAMTS-1, ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-8 were detected in all three trimesters of pregnancy. The relative amount of PIGF increased in the first trimester and decreased significantly in the third trimester (p < 0.05). The expression of ADAMTS-1 and ADAMTS-4 was significantly higher in the second (p < 0.05) and third trimesters (p < 0.01) compared to the first trimester. However, no statistically significant change was observed in ADAMTS-8 expression between trimesters. The ADAMTS exhibiting the highest expression during the first trimester was ADAMTS8. These findings indicate that the expression of ADAMTS-1, ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-8 in the three different stages of rat pregnancy may be involved in the modulation of decidualization, morphogenesis and angiogenesis. Periodic changes in ADAMTS expression are thought to be regulated by gonadal steroids.
Immunohistochemical Investigation of Autophagy in the Uterus during the First Trimester of Pregnancy in Rats
(2024) Uslu, Dilara; Uslu, Sema
During placental development, autophagy has an important role at the molecular level, especially in cases such as trophoblast cell proliferation and cell death. Abnormal placental development due to trophoblast dysfunction causes serious gynaecological diseases and various fetal malformations. In the study conducted to investigate autophagy on the 5th day of pregnancy, in the pregnant and non pregnant group uterus tissues, uterine glands LC3 and Beclin 1 (+), in the evaluation of myometrium and perimetrium, weak (+) was observed in myometrium cells in pregnancy, while (+) reaction could not be distinguished in perimetrium. In this study, it was concluded that the immunohistochemical increase in LC3 and Beclin 1 intensity in the uterus, especially in the endometrial areas in the first trimester of pregnancy compared to the control group tissues is related to the physiology of pregnancy, homeostasis in pregnancy and hormonal mechanism.
Investigation of the Effect of GnRH (Deslorelin) on the Histochemical Structure of Salivary Glands in Rats
(Soc Chilena Anatomia, 2019) Uslu, Sema; Cakmak, Gamze; Yoruk, Mecit
This study was planned to determine the histochemical alterations of the submandibular gland by implantation of long-term GnRH (deslorelin 4.7 mg). Eighteen Wistar albino rats were used in the study. Alcian blue (AB; pH: 2.5), periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining was performed to determine the microscopic structure and histochemical structure of the GI submandibular gland. The Avidin-Biotin Complex (ABC) method was used to determine the immunohistochemical reactivity of lectin. After GnRH implantation, the organs were examined and atrophies were observed in organs. In the group in which the implants were removed, it was determined that there was no atrophy; organ structures and microscopic examination were similar to the control group. At the end of the study, submandibular gland was fixed in 10 % buffered formaldehyde. In three groups, PAS and AB histochemical staining revealed similar reactions. Immunohistochemically, lectin activity was found to react positively.
IS METHOTREXATE-INDUCED TESTICULAR DAMAGE PREVENTABLE USING NETTLE SEED EXTRACT: A HISTOPATHOLOGICAL, IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND SPERMATOLOGICAL EXAMINATION
(PARLAR SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS (P S P), 2018) Uyar, Ahmet; Yaman, Turan; Dogan, Abdulahad; Uslu, Sema; Keles, Omer Faruk; Yener, Zabit; Celik, Ismail
In the study 32 Wistar albino rats were divided into four group as control (Group Control, n=8), methotrexate (Group MTX, n=8), MTX + UDS (Group MTX+UDS, n=8) and Urtica dioica seed extract (UDS) (Group UDS, n=8). After the trial, blood and post-necropsy testicular tissue samples were taken. Histopathological examinations showed that methotrexate had an adverse impact on spermatogenesis by damaging testicles; however, such damages were substantially decreased in the Group MTX+UDS. In the immunohistochemical examinations glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) immunoreactive areas was higher in the Group MTX + UDS compared to the Group MTX. Biochemical examinations revealed that the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) enzymes levels statistically significantly differenced (p<0.001) in the Group MTX compared to the control, UDS and MTX+UDS groups. There were significant (p<0.05) differences the Group MTX from Group MTX+UDS. such as density, motility, dead-live sperm rate and abnormal sperm rate. Our study results showed that UDS prevented the damage occurred in the testicles according to histopathological, immunohistochemical, biochemical and spermatological findings.
Localisation of Estrogen Receptor Alpha and Progesterone Receptor B in Goat Ovaries During Breeding and Non-Breeding Season
(KAFKAS UNIV, VETERINER FAKULTESI DERGISI, 2016) Uslu, Sema; Yoruk, Mecit; Mis, Leyla; Comba, Bahat
The main objective of this study was to investigate the localisation of estrogen receptor alpha (ER-alpha) and progesterone receptor B (PR-B) by immunohistochemistry in goat ovaries during in- and out of breeding season. The ovaries obtained from goats slaughtered in breeding season (n=10) and non-breeding season (n=10) were used. From the same animals, blood samples were taken to determine the levels of serum steroid hormones (E-2, P-4). The ER-alpha and PR-B immunohistochemical distributions within the ovaries were determined by the ABC method. In breeding season, the ER-alpha was detected in the germinal epithelium and follicular granulosa cells. The PR-B was determined to concentrate on the corpus luteum (CL) cells. The same receptors were also found to be weak in the theca externa cells of preovulatory follicles. In non-breeding season, the ER-alpha germinal epithelium and smooth muscle cells of certain blood vessels showed a weak positive reaction. The PR-B was positively stained in the germinal epithelium and few stroma cells. It was suggested that the average steroid hormone profiles in breeding (E-2: 11.83 +/- 1.70 pg/mL, P-4: 10.08 +/- 1.58 ng/ml) and non-breeding season (E-2 2.33 +/- 0.85 pg/ml, P-4 0.21 +/- 0.04 ng/ml) correlated well with the localisation intensity of receptors in goat ovaries.
Morphological and Histological Study on the Foot Pads of the Anatolian Bobcat (Lynx lynx)
(WILEY, 2018) Ari, Hasan Hueseyin; Kuru, Nilgun; Uslu, Sema; Ozdemir, Ozge
This study was conducted to reveal the morphometric and morphological features of foot pads in the Anatolian bobcat (Lynx lynx). To achieve this objective, dissection, histological, and radiography techniques were applied to two dead materials obtained from the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Forest and Water Works Sivas Branch Manager. Digit I is radiographically rudimentary in the forepaw. The paws of the forelimb of the Anatolian bobcat have a carpal, a metacarpal, and four digital pads, while the hind feet have a metatarsal pad and four digital pads. The metacarpal pad is cone-like, while the metatarsal pad resembles a butterfly. The digital pads in the paws of the forelimb are longer and thinner than in the paws in the hind feet. The paws in both feet are situated as binary. Through histological examination, it was determined that the skin of the foot pads consists of epidermis, dermis, and pad cushion. The epidermis is subdivided into basal, spinous, granular, lucidum, and corneum layers. The dermis of each pad consists of papillar and reticular strata containing sweat glands, elastin, collagen, and reticular fibers. Anat Rec, 301:932-938, 2018. (c) 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Morphology and histology of the Anatolian bobcat (Lynx lynx) hard palate
(WILEY, 2019) Ari, Hasan Hueseyin; Uslu, Sema
The aim of the research was to investigate the morphological and histological structure of the Anatolian bobcat (Lynx lynx) hard palate using light and scanning electron microscopy, in addition to gross examination. The Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Work (Sivas Branch) provided three female Anatolian bobcat cadavers. The Anatolian bobcat hard palate consists of a narrow, rough part in the rostral region (including the incisive papilla, palatine ridges, and palatine raphe) and a wide, smooth part in the caudal part region. The gross examination revealed that the incisive papilla is small and shaped like a carboy icon, the primary and secondary palatine ridges have a serrated appearance, and the palatine raphe forms a single longitudinal row of conical papillae and a single transverse row of conical papillae (in the transverse groove that separates the two palatine ridges). In addition, the microscopy examination revealed microplicae in the epithelium, as well as abundant connective-tissue bundles running in various directions in the lamina propria and submucosa layer. These adaptations of the hard palate structures may increase efficiency during ingestion and help direct food backwards. This is the first study to provide detailed morphological and histological descriptions of the Anatolian bobcat hard palate.
MORPHOLOGY AND HISTOLOGY OF THE EURASIAN LYNX (Lynx lynx) PLANUM NASALE
(Univ Ljubljana, Veterinary Faculty, 2021) Ari, Hasan Huseyin; Uslu, Sema
This study reveals the macroscopic and microscopic structures of the Eurasian lynx planum nasale using materials from three dead females obtained from the Sivas Forestry Branch of Agriculture and Forestry Ministry of the Republic of Turkey. To accomplish the purpose, planum nasale was investigated using macroscopic, histological, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The microscopic examination showed that the planum nasale consists of hairless, moist, glabrous skin and resembles a ship anchor with arm, palm, stock, and sickle parts. The planum nasale's surface is formed by epidermal plates or epidermal ridges, which were separated from each other by primary and secondary fissures showed in SEM and macroscopic figures. Based on the microscopic examination, the Mercel's cells and nerve ends are located in the basal sheet of the planum nasale's epidermal layers. In addition, the pores situated on the surface of the epidermal ridges and the dense connective bundles were settled in the dermal layers, based on the SEM examination.
Ratlarda Gebeliğin Farklı Periyotlarında İnce Bağırsaklarda Mast Hücrelerinin Dağılımı
(Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 2022) Uslu, Sema; Tatar, Musa
Gastrointestinal sistem farklı özelliklere sahiptir. Gastrointestinal sistem gebelik ilerledikçe genişleyen uterustan etkilenir. Uterusun genişlemesi sindirim organlarını, özellikle mide ve bağırsakların metabolizmasını değiştirir. Anatomik değişiklikler, akut abdominal değişiklikler oluşturur. Büyüyen uterusun neden olduğu mekanik etkilerin yanı sıra, yüksek progesteron seviyeleri, gecikmiş mide boşalmasına ve gastrointestinal geçiş süresinin artmasına sebep olur. Mide ve bağırsak motilitesi de etkilenir, daha düşük geçiş sürelerine neden olur. Mast hücreleri her türlü stres koşulunda aktive olan ve degranülasyon gösteren hücrelerdir. Bu hücreler hem proinflamatuar hem de immunsupresif fonksiyonlar göstererek bağışıklık sisteminin fizyolojik ve patolojik yanıtlarında önemli rol oynayan hücreler olarak kabul edilmektedirler. Annenin yetersiz beslenmesi, bağırsak içeriği, yapısı ve periferik dolaşım vastasıyla, annenin bağırsak bariyeri ile fötal bağırsak gelişimini ve işlevini olumsuz yönde indükler. Yapılan bu çalışmada gebelikte 3 farklı trimesterde ince bağırsak kısımlarından örnekler alındı. Duodenum, jejunum, ileumdan alınan doku örnekleri Carnoy solusyonunda 12 saat tespit edildi. Yıkama yapılmaksızın doku takibi sonrası parafin bloklar hazırlandı. Örneklerden parafin bloklar oluşturuldu ve 5-6  kalınlığında kesitler alınıp mast hücre sayısının dağılımını belirlemek için %0.5’lik Toluidine Blue ile boyandı. Boyama sonrasında lamina propriya+submukoza ve tunika seroza katmanlarında mast hücrelerinin dağılımları incelendi. İnce bağırsakta duedenum, jejunum ve ileumda katmanlara göre ve gebelik dönemlerine göre mast hücrelerinin sayısal olarak değiştiği tespit edildi. Yapılan bu çalışmanın bu konudaki literatüre katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Synthetic (JWH-018) cannabinoid-induced immune suppression of T-lymphocytes in spleen tissue
(Polish Soc Veterinary Sciences Editorial Office, 2024) Mutluay, Duygu; Tenekeci, Gozde Yucel; Ambarcioglu, Pinar; Uslu, Sema
Synthetic cannabinoid JWH-018 is a potent cannabinoid receptor agonist that plays a role in the immune system. It is a substance whose consumption is rising globally. While numerous studies have explored the impact of cannabinoids on immunity, limited information exists regarding the immunosuppressive effects on T cells within spleen tissue. Hence, this study aims to investigate the effects of JWH-018 on CD cells in the spleen. Thirty male CD -1 mice were categorized into three groups: the sham group (G1), the ethanol group (G2), and the JWH-018 group (G3). These animals received treatments of saline, ethanol, and JWH-018 (0.3 mg/kg) respectively for 9 consecutive days, after which all groups were sacrificed on day 2. Our findings revealed a statistically significant weight loss in G3 compared to G2, whereas a weight gain was observed in G1 and G2. Except for one animal, no significant histopathological changes were detected in the control and treatment groups. However, the treatment group exhibited a notable decrease in white pulp size. Moreover, we demonstrated that JWH-018 can induce apoptosis, leading to a decrease in CD3, CD4, and CD8 expression in T cells, which may result in immunosuppression in vivo in T lymphocytes. These results collectively suggest that exposure to JWH-018 can lead to the suppression of CD3, CD4, and CD8 expression by inducing apoptosis. Consequently, the results of this study show that JWH-018 may have a potential for use as an immunosuppressant in various medical conditions, particularly in autoimmune diseases or situations requiring immune system suppression.
The densities of fiber follicles in the Karakas, Norduz, and Zom sheep and a comparative analysis
(Univ Austral Chile, Fac Ciencias Veterinarias, 2018) Tuncer, Selcuk S.; Uslu, Sema; Tas, Abuzer; Sireli, Halit D.
This study aimed to determine the densities of fiber follicles in the skin of the Karakas, Norduz, and Zom sheep breeds and to carry out a comparative analysis between them. The study included a total of 36 animals aged 1-2 years and 3-4 years. Skin samples were obtained through biopsies taken from the right sides of the animals to determine the densities and ratios of the fleece follicles. Examination of these samples revealed that the primary follicle densities of the three sheep breeds (Karakas, Norduz and Zom) were 3.11 +/- 0.42, 3.14 +/- 0.49 and 3.34 +/- 0.59, while the secondary follicle densities were 8.42 +/- 1.48, 8.51 +/- 1.54 and 6.36 +/- 1.44. The secondary to primary (S/P) follicle ratios of the sheep were 2.71 +/- 0.70, 2.79 +/- 0.69 and 1.85 +/- 0.36, respectively. The primary follicle densities of the Karakas, Norduz and Zom sheep were statistically similar for both age groups. The density of secondary follicles and S/P ratio decreased with age in both age groups. The similarity of the S/P ratios to those from other local sheep breeds suggest that Karakas, Norduz, Zom sheep can be included in the sheep group that has coarse fleece.
The effects of different dietary protein sources on live weight, sperm quality and the histology of the testes and accessory glands in male rats
(Wiley, 2020) Gumus, Recep; Uslu, Sema; Uslu, Baris A.
This study was aimed at determining the effects of corn and wheat gluten, used as dietary protein sources, on live weight gain, sperm quality and the histology of the testes and accessory glands in male rats. For this purpose, 20-day-old 24 male Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned to three groups. Group 1 (Control), Group 2 and Group 3 were fed on a basal ration supplemented with high levels of soybean meal, corn gluten and wheat gluten, respectively, as a protein source. At the end of the study, when compared to Group 1, live weight values were determined to have increased in Group 3 and to have decreased in Group 2 (p < .05). Furthermore, sperm density, sperm motility, the dead/ live sperm ratio and testes weight were determined to have significantly decreased in Group 2, in comparison to Groups 1 and 3 (p < .05). The percentages of abnormal spermatozoon, and head, acrosome, mid-piece and tail abnormalities were high in Group 2 (p < .05). Histological examination demonstrated that, in Group 2, the diameter of the Tubulus Seminiferous Contortus (TSC) and the size of the Tubular Epithelial Cells (TE) were small, and the tubular and anatomical structure of the testes were shrunken and altered. Group 2 also presented with connective tissue increase and alveolar lumen enlargement in the prostate gland, and with connective tissue thickening, muscle tissue increase and secretory capacity decrease in the seminal vesicle (p < .05). Moreover, in Group 2, the Gl. Bulbourethral (Cowper's gland) presented with a decreased size and dilatations in the mucous structures. In a result, based on the findings obtained in this study, it is suggested that high levels of dietary corn gluten adversely affect live weight, sperm quality, and the testes and accessory glands.

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