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Öğe Comparative Effects of Different Balance-Training-Progression Styles on Postural Control and Ankle Force Production: A Randomized Controlled Trial(NATL ATHLETIC TRAINERS ASSOC INC, 2016) Cug, Mutlu; Duncan, Ashley; Wikstrom, ErikContext: Despite the effectiveness of balance training, the exact parameters needed to maximize the benefits of such programs remain unknown. One such factor is how individuals should progress to higher levels of task difficulty within a balance-training program. Yet no investigators have directly compared different balance-training-progression styles. Objective: To compare an error-based progression (ie, advance when proficient at a task) with a repetition-based progression (ie, advance after a set amount of repetitions) style during a balance-training program in healthy individuals. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: A total of 28 (16 women, 12 men) physically healthy young adults (age = 21.57 +/- 3.95 years, height = 171.60 +/- 11.03 cm, weight = 72.96 +/- 16.18 kg, body mass index = 24.53 +/- 3.7). Intervention(s): All participants completed 12 supervised balance-training sessions over 4 weeks. Each session consisted of a combination of dynamic unstable-surface tasks that incorporated a BOSU ball and lasted about 30 minutes. Main Outcome Measure(s): Static balance from an instrumented force plate, dynamic balance as measured via the Star Excursion Balance Test, and ankle force production in all 4 cardinal planes of motion as measured with a handheld dynamometer before and after the intervention. Results: Selected static postural-control outcomes, dynamic postural control, and ankle force production in all planes of motion improved (P < .05). However, no differences between the progression styles were observed (P > .05) for any of the outcome measures. Conclusions: A 4-week balance-training program consisting of dynamic unstable-surface exercises on a BOSU ball improved dynamic postural control and ankle force production in healthy young adults. These results suggest that an error-based balance-training program is comparable with but not superior to a repetition-based balance-training program in improving postural control and ankle force production in healthy young adults.Öğe Comparison of EMG activity in shank muscles between individuals with and without chronic ankle instability when running on a treadmill(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2023) Darendeli, Abdulkerim; Ertan, Hayri; Cug, Mutlu; Wikstrom, Erik; Enoka, Roger MaroChanges in movement capabilities after an injury to the ankle may impose adaptations in the peripheral and central nervous system. The purpose of our study was to compare the electromyogram (EMG) profile of ankle stabilizer muscles and stride-time variation during treadmill running in individuals with and without chronic ankle instability (CAI). Recreationally active individuals with (n = 12) and without (n = 15) CAI ran on a treadmill at two speeds. EMG activity of four shank muscles as well as tibial acceleration data were recorded during the running trials. EMG amplitude, timing of EMG peaks, and variation in stride-time were analyzed from 30 consecutive stride cycles. EMG data were time-normalized to stride duration and amplitude was normalized relative to the appropriate maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) task. Individuals with CAI had similar EMG amplitudes and peak timing, but an altered order of peak EMG activity in ankle stabilizer muscles, a significantly greater EMG amplitude for PL with an increase in speed, and a greater stride-time variability during treadmill running compared with individuals who had no history of ankle sprains. The results of our study indicate that individuals with CAI exhibit altered activation strategies for ankle stabilizer muscles when running on a treadmill.Öğe Dorsiflexion and dynamic postural control asymmetry in elite male volleyball players(Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 2020) Cuğ, Mutlu; Wikstrom, Erik; Pak, İbrahim Ethem; Diker, GürkanObjective: Movement assymetry is considered a potential risk factor for musculoskeletal injury in sport. Sports such as volleyball are thought to cause movement assymetries due to specific sporting demands. Further, between limb comparisons are often used for return to sport decisions. Despite this, little information is available regarding the presence of assymetry in volleyball athletes. Therefore the purpose of this investigation was to determine the presence of assymetry in dorsiflexion range of motion (DFROM) and dynamic postural control variables, factors important in return to sport decisions, both the group and individual level in professional male volleyball players. Secondarly, we aimed to better understand the role of DFROM on the Star excursion balance test (SEBT), a measure of dynamic postural control. Method: Thirty-two Professional male volleyball players (age: 24.7±5.53 years, height: 190.6±7.63 cm., weight: 84.5±9.28 kg., BMI: 23.22±1.62 kg/m2) participated in this investigation. All participants reported for a single test session during which DFROM and the SEBT were assessed on both limbs. Results: There was a significant group difference (p <0.05) between limbs for the normalized anterior (landing leg: 73.3 ± 6.2%; non-landing leg: 71.4 ± 6.8% ) posteromedial (landing leg: 112.6±9.3%; non-landing leg: 107.6±10.8%) and posterolateral (landing leg: 114.5±8.1%; non-landing leg: 111.4±9.4%) SEBT reach direction. The anterior and posteriomedial but not the posteriolateral reach differences exceeded the minimal detectable change score for the SEBT. At the individual level, the vast majority of participants demonstrated minimal assymetry. Significant correlations were found between DFROM and the anterior SEBT reach (r = 0.36 to 0.39, p<0.04) as well as the posteriolateral SEBT reach (r= 0.47 to 0.50, p<0.01). Conclusions: Professional volleyball players do not have DFROM or dynamic postural control assymetries but DFROM can influence dynamic postural control.
