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    The effect of colchicine on alveolar bone loss in ligature-induced periodontitis
    (SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE PESQUISA ODONTOLOGICA, 2019) Toker, Hulya; Yuce, Hatice Balci; Yildirim, Ali; Tekin, Mehmet Bugrul; Gevrek, Fikret
    Colchicine is widely used in the treatment of several inflammatory diseases due to its anti-inflammatory effect, but effects on bone metabolism are unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of systemically-administered colchicine on healthy periodontium and experimentally-induced periodontitis. In total, 42 male Wistar rats were included in this study. A non-ligated group constituting the negative control group (Control, C, n = 6) and a ligature-only group forming the positive control group (LO, n = 12) were created separately. Twelve rats were treated with 0.4 mg/kg colchicine and another 12 with 1 mg/kg colchicine. In the colchicine-administered groups, right mandibles constituted the ligated groups (1 mgC-L or 0.4 mgC-L) and left mandibles formed the corresponding non-ligated controls (1mgC or 0.4mgC). Silk ligatures were placed at the gingival margin of the lower first molars. The animals were euthanized at different time-points of healing (11 or 30 days). Alveolar bone loss was clinically measured and TRAP+ osteoclasts, osteoblastic activity, and MMP-1 expression were examined histologically. There was no increase in alveolar bone loss with either colchicine dose in healthy periodontium (p > 0.05) and the highest level of alveolar bone loss, TRAP+ osteoclast number, and MMP-1 expression were measured in the LO group (p < 0.05). The 0.4 mgC-L group showed less alveolar bone loss at 11 days (p < 0.05), but greater loss at 30 days. The 1 mgC-L group showed higher osteoblast number than the other ligated groups (p < 0.05) at both time-points. In summary, colchicine did not increase alveolar bone loss in healthy periodontium and also may tend to reduce periodontitis progression. However, further extensive study is necessary to understand the mechanism of colchicine action on alveolar bone loss in periodontitis.
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    The Effect of Melatonin on Bone Loss, Diabetic Control, and Apoptosis in Rats With Diabetes With Ligature-Induced Periodontitis
    (WILEY, 2016) Yuce, Hatice Balci; Karatas, Ozkan; Turkal, Humeyra Aydemir; Gorgun, Emine Pirim; Ocakli, Seda; Benli, Ismail; Caylii, Sevil
    Background: The aim of this study examines the effect of systemic melatonin administration on proin-flammatory cytokine levels, apoptosis, alveolar bone loss (ABL), lipid metabolism, and diabetic control in in rats with diabetes mellitus (DM) and ligature-induced periodontitis. Methods: Fifty-two male Wistar rats were used in this study. Study groups were as follows: 1) non-ligated control (NL, n = 6); 2) streptozotocin (STZ, n = 8); 3) STZ and melatonin (STZ+Mel, n = 8); 4) ligature (L, n = 6); 5) ligature and melatonin (L+Mel, n = 8); 6) STZ and ligature (STZ+L, n = 8); and 7) STZ, ligature, and melatonin (STZ+L+Mel, n = 8). DM was induced by intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of STZ (60 mg/kg). Melatonin was administered by intraperitoneal injection of a dose of 10 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks. Silk ligatures were placed subgingivally around the mandibular right first molars. The study period was 4 weeks, and animals were sacrificed at the end of 4 weeks. Morphometric analysis of bone loss was performed. Tissues were histopathologically examined. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X (bax) protein expressions, serum interleukin (IL)-1 beta levels, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive (TRAP+) osteoclast numbers were also evaluated. Results: After 4 weeks, the highest ABL was observed in the STZ+L group, and the difference was significant (P < 0.05). Systemically administered melatonin significantly decreased ABL in the STZ+L+Mel group compared with that in the STZ+L group (P < 0.05). TRAP+ osteoclast numbers were the highest in the STZ+L group, and melatonin significantly decreased osteoclast numbers (P < 0.05) but had no effect on iNOS, IL-1 beta, or bax levels. Conclusions: Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that systemic melatonin treatment may decrease osteoclastic activity and reduce ABL in the model using rats with DM.
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    The effects of IL-10 gene polymorphism on serum, and gingival crevicular fluid levels of IL-6 and IL-10 in chronic periodontitis
    (UNIV SAO PAULO FAC ODONTOLOGIA BAURU, 2018) Toker, Hulya; Gorgun, Emine Pirim; Korkmaz, Ertan Mahir; Yuce, Hatice Balci; Poyraz, Omer
    Objective: Anti-inflammatory cytokines play a crucial role in periodontitis by inhibiting synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of interleukin-10 (-597) gene polymorphism and genotype distributions on chronic periodontitis (CP) development and IL-6 and IL-10 levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum before and after non-surgical periodontal treatment. Material and Methods: The study population consisted of 55 severe generalized CP patients as CP group and 50 healthy individuals as control group. Plaque index, gingival index, probing depth and clinical attachment level were recorded and GCF and blood samples were taken at both the baseline and the sixth week after non-surgical periodontal treatment. PCR-RFLP procedure was used for gene analyses and cytokine levels were measured via ELISA. Results: IL-10 genotype distribution was significantly different between CP and control groups (p=0.000, OR: 7, 95% CI, 2.83-60.25). Clinical measurements significantly improved in the CP group after periodontal treatment (p<0.05). Periodontal treatment significantly decreased GCF IL-6 and IL-10 levels. No significant difference was found in clinical parameters between IL-10 AA and AC+CC genotypes at both the baseline and the sixth week (p>0.05). Sixth week GCF IL-10 levels were significantly lower in patients carrying IL-10 AC+CC genotype compared to the patients carrying IL-10 AA genotype (p<0.05). Serum IL-6 and IL-10 levels were lower in patients carrying the IL-10 AA genotype compared to patients with IL-10 AC+CC genotype, but the difference was not significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: IL-10 AA genotype carriers had lower IL-6 and IL-6/10 levels in serum; however, GCF IL-6/10 levels were similar in both genotypes. Within the limitations of our study, a possible association between IL-10(597) gene polymorphism and CP might be considered.
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    The histopathological and morphometric investigation of the effects of systemically administered boric acid on alveolar bone loss in ligature-induced periodontitis in diabetic rats
    (TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2014) Yuce, Hatice Balci; Toker, Hulya; Goze, Fahrettin
    Objective. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of systemically administered boric acid on alveolar bone loss, histopathological changes and oxidant/antioxidant status in ligature-induced periodontitis in diabetic rats. Materials and methods. Forty-four Wistar rats were divided into six experimental groups: (1) non-ligated (NL, n = 6) group, (2) ligature only (LO, n = 6) group, (3) Streptozotocin only (STZ, n = 8) group, (4) STZ and ligature (STZ+LO, n = 8) group, (5) STZ, ligature and systemic administration of 15 mg/kg/day boric acid for 15 days (BA15, n = 8) group and (6) STZ, ligature and systemic administration of 30 mg/kg/day boric acid for 15 days (BA30, n = 8) group. Diabetes mellitus was induced by 60 mg/kg streptozotocin. Silk ligatures were placed at the gingival margin of lower first molars of the mandibular quadrant. The study duration was 15 days after diabetes induction and the animals were sacrificed at the end of this period. Changes in alveolar bone levels were clinically measured and tissues were histopathologically examined. Serum total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) levels and oxidative stress index (OSI) were evaluated. Primary outcome was alveolar bone loss. Seconder outcome (osteoblast number) was also measured. Results. At the end of 15 days, the alveolar bone loss was significantly higher in the STZ+LO group compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in alveolar bone loss between the STZ+LO 15 mg/kg boric acid and STZ+LO 30 mg/kg boric acid groups (p > 0.05). Systemically administered boric acid significantly decreased alveolar bone loss compared to the STZ+LO group (p < 0.05). The osteoblast number in the BA30 group was significantly higher than those of the NL, STZ and STZ+LO groups (p < 0.05). Inflammatory cell infiltration was significantly higher in the STZ+LO group the other groups (p < 0.05). Serum TAS levels were significantly higher in the NL and LO groups than the other groups (p < 0.05). The differences in TOS levels were not found to be significant among all the groups (p > 0.05). The OSI values of the BA30 group were significantly lower than the STZ+LO group (p < 0.05). Also, the differences in serum calcium and magnesium levels were insignificant among the all groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion. Within the limits of this study, it can be suggested that BA, when administered systemically, may reduce alveolar bone loss in the diabetic rat model.
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    Prevalence of Chronic Periodontitis, Bruxism and Temporomandibular Joint Disorders in Patients with Fibromyalgia Syndrome
    (GALENOS YAYINCILIK, 2017) Yuce, Hatice Balci; Inanir, Ahmet; Gokturk, Ozge; Turkal, Humeyra Aydemir; Bostanci, Vildan
    Objective: Chronic periodontitis is a world-wide infectious and inflammatory disease and may have a relationship with other inflammatory diseases such as fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). The aim of this study was to determine whether the prevalence of periodontitis is increased in individuals with FMS or not. Materials and Methods: Sixty-four patients with FMS and 70 systemically healthy individuals were included in the present study. Fibromyalgia patients did not have any other systemically disease. All subjects had at least 20 functioning teeth and underwent detailed oral and radiographic examination, in addition, bruxism and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) examinations were performed. All clinical attachment levels, plaque and gingival indices were recorded. Results: Fibromyalgia patients tend to have higher gingival index scores than healthy individuals. There was a significant difference in the presence of bruxism between the study groups (p<0.05) but not in the presence of TMJ disorders. There was no significant difference regarding to periodontal disease between individuals under age 45 years. The prevalence of periodontitis was increased in healthy group aged above 45 years (p<0.05) but not changed in equivalent FMS patients (p>0.05). Conclusion: We found that the prevalence of periodontitis was not changed in FMS patients but was increased in healthy subjects above age 45.
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    The effect of luteolin in prevention of periodontal disease in Wistar rats
    (Wiley, 2019) Yuce, Hatice Balci; Toker, Hulya; Yildirim, Ali; Tekin, Mehmet Bugrul; Gevrek, Fikret; Altunbas, Nilufer
    BackgroundPeriodontal disease is the chronic infectious disease of the periodontium. Because of irreversibility, prevention of disease is one of the most important goals of periodontal treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of luteolin, a powerful anti-inflammatory agent, on the prevention of experimental periodontitis by determining morphological and histological tissue alterations. MethodsThis study consisted of 28 rats and four experimental groups: healthy control group (C, n = 6); periodontitis group (P, n = 6); periodontitis and 50 mg/kg luteolin administered group (L-50, n = 8); and periodontitis and 100 mg/kg luteolin administered group (L-100, n = 8). Experimental periodontitis was induced via ligature method around lower right first molar teeth. All rats were euthanized 11 days after. The severity of periodontal destruction was determined by measuring alveolar bone loss under a stereomicroscope. Osteoblast and inflammatory cell counts were counted on hematoxylin-eosin-stained slides and osteoclasts were counted on tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-stained slides. The levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, tissue inhibitor of MMP (TIMP)-1, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) were determined by immunohistochemistry. ResultsThe highest alveolar bone loss was observed in the periodontitis group and the luteolin administration decreased bone loss in both groups. Osteoblast cell number was higher and osteoclast and inflammatory cell numbers were lower in the P group compared to C, L-50, and L-100 groups. Luteolin, dose-dependently increased osteoblast cell counts. Luteolin attenuated periodontal inflammation in both L-50 and L-100 groups. Like osteoblast cell numbers, BMP-2 expressions were also elevated in luteolin groups. Both doses of luteolin significantly increased TIMP-1 and BMP-2 expressions and decreased MMP-8 levels. iNOS expressions increased in P group and L-100 significantly decreased iNOS levels. RANKL increased and OPG decreased in P group and 100 mg/kg luteolin increased OPG and decreased RANKL levels significantly. ConclusionsWithin the limits of present experimental study, luteolin successfully improved periodontal health in a ligature-induced experimental periodontitis model in Wistar rats. The decrease in inflammation, osteoclastic and collagenase activity and increase in osteoblastic activity are possibly involved in this process.