Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Öğretmenliği Bölümü Makale Koleksiyonu
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Güncel Gönderiler
Öğe Seasonal change of some anaerobic-based activities in young soccer players(2023)Bu çalışma, elit bir futbol takımının akademi liginde yer alan futbolcularının sezon öncesi ve sezon ortası 10m-30m sprint ve aktif-squat sıçrama performanslarının karşılaştırılması amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmaya; yaş ortalamaları 16,50±0,71 yıl, boy uzunlukları ortalamaları 174,06 ± 6,53 cm, vücut ağırlıkları ortalaması 66,89±7,09 kg, vücut yağ yüzdesi ortalamaları %7,16±1,51olan 18 futbol oyuncusu katılmıştır. Sporculara, aktif ve squat sıçrama testleri, 10 ve 30 m sprint testleri sezon öncesi dönem ve birinci hazırlık döneminde uygulanmıştır. Sporcuların, sezon öncesi ve ortası aktif ve pasif sıçrama yükseklikleri ve 10 m sprint süreleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p<0,050). Bu fark hazırlık döneminde sporcuların sıçrama ve sprint performanslarının birinci hazırlık dönemine göre daha iyi olduğu yönündedir. Sonuç olarak, genç futbolcularda müsabaka döneminin başlamasıyla artan antrenman ve müsabaka sayıları, oluşan stres ve biriken hasar bazı anaerobik aktivitelerin bozulmasına sebep olabilir.Anahtar Kelimeler:Güç, linear sprint, sıçramaSeasonal change of some anaerobic-based activities in young soccer playersAbstractThis study was conducted to compare the pre-season and mid-season 10m and 30m sprint and squat and active jump performances of the youth football players in the academy league of an elite football team. To the study; 18 football players with an average age of 16.50±0.71 years, an average height of 174.06 ± 6.53 cm, an average body weight of 66.89±7.09 kg, an average body fat percentage of 7.16±1.51 % participated voluntarily. Active and squat jump tests, 10 and 30 m sprint tests were applied to the athletes at the end of the first preparation period and at the end of the first competition period. A statistically significant difference was found between the active and passive jump heights and 10 m sprint times of the athletes before and during the season (p<0.050). This difference is that the jumping and sprinting performances of the athletes in the preparation period are better than in the first competition period. As a result, the number of training and competitions, the stress and accumulated damage that increase with the start of the competition period in young football players may cause the deterioration of some anaerobic activities. Keywords: Power, linear sprint, jumpÖğe THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ISOKINETIC STRENGTH OF KNEE FLEXORS EXTENSORS AND JUMPING AND SPRINTING ABILITIES OF U19 ELITE A-LEAGUE PLAYERS- A PILOT STUDY(2023)The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between knee flexor and extensor muscle strength and sprint and jump performance in U19 Elite youth A-league football players. The volunteers of this research were 26 male athletes having at least 5 years of experience and actively play football in the U19 Elite A-league of a professional football team (age: 19.31±0.73 years; body height: 174.48±6.48 cm; body weight: 68.25±5.96 kg; body fat: 22.00±1.43 percent). The extensor and flexor muscle strengths of the dominant and nondominant legs of the football players were measured. Knee flexion and extension peak torque values were measured in both knees at angular velocities of 60°·s-1 and 180°·s-1 via a Cybex Norm (CSMI, Stoughton, Massachusetts, the USA) isokinetic dynamometer. In addition, the sprint and jump performances of these football players were respectively measured with 30-m sprint test and the Countermovement Jump test (CMJ). It was determined that there was no correlation between 30-m sprint and CMJ performances and isokinetic knee flexion, extension, peak torque strength, and Hamstring-to-Quadriceps Ratio (H/Q 60°-180°) (p>0.05). As a result, among the factors affecting the 30-m sprint time and CMJ height in U19 Elite A-league football players, the knee flexor-extensor values at 60°-180° angular velocity and the H/Q ratio were absent; however, many other factors such as the maximal strength and cross-sectional area of certain muscles were thought be effective factors. Furthermore, two different isokinetic angular velocity assessments were performed in our study. It is suggested that to create a general profile, studies on isokinetic strength at various angular velocities should be conducted in order to correlate 30 m sprint performance with CMJ performance. Keywords: Elite football league, isokinetic strength, bio motor abilitiesÖğe Sporda Beslenme ile Nutrigenetik ve Nutrigenomik İlişkisinin İncelenmesi(2023)Çalışma, beslenmenin nutrigenetik ve nutrigenomik bakımından sporcularda oluşturduğu etkileri incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. İnternet veri tabanlarına kayıtlı alana özgü çalışmalar incelenmiş ve özetlenmiştir. Omiks teknolojilerinde yaşanan gelişmeler sonucunda bireyselleştirilmiş diyet yaklaşımları ve beslenme stratejileri, önemli uygulamalar hâline gelmiştir. Bu alanlardan biri olan sporda beslenme, sporcuların sağlıklarını korumak ve performanslarını artırmak için anahtar role sahip bir beslenme türüdür. Bu amaçla makro ve mikro besin maddeleri, sporcu beslenmesinde önemlidir. Sporcu beslenmesi üzerinde etkili olabilecek içsel dışsal birçok faktör bulunmaktadır. Bu faktörlerden biri olan genetik, sporcu beslenmesinde dikkate alınması gereken önemli bir husustur. Sportif performans, besin maddelerinin metabolizmadaki etkinliği ile bu maddelerinin insan genomundaki ekspresyon seviyesi ile ilgili bir durum olabilir. Bu amaçla nutrigenetik ve nutrigenomik kavramları, sporcu performansı açısından dikkate alınması gereken konulardır. Çalışmada, nutrigenetik ve nutrigenomik kavramlarının teorikte aynı ama içerikte bazı farklılıklara sahip olabildikleri sonucu görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, sportif performans yalnız besin maddelerinin sporcu genomundaki metabolizmal faaliyetleri ile ilgili bir durum olmayabilir. Sportif performansı etkileme gücüne sahip içsel-dışsal birçok faktör bulunmaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Besin, Beslenme, Nutrigenetik, Nutrigenomik, Sportif Performans.Öğe Recovery time variation during sprint interval training impacts amateur soccer players adaptations – a pilot study(2023) Diker, GürkanThe objective of the present study was to investigate the selected performance adaptations of amateur soccer players to 2 different running-based sprint interval training (SIT) protocols with different recovery intervals and work-rest ratios (1:5 & 1:1). Twenty-three subjects (age 21.4 ± 1.1 years; height 175.4 ± 4.7 cm; body mass 69 ± 6.4 kg) participated in the study. Before the 6-weeks training period, participants completed 3-weeks of low-intensity training preparation. Subsequently, the pre-tests (anthropometric measurements, repeated sprint test [12 × 20-m with 30-s recovery intervals], Yo-YoIRT1 & Yo-YoIRT2 and treadmill VO2max test) were conducted. Thereafter, participants were randomly divided into 3 sub-groups (1 – SIT with 150 s recovery intervals [SIT150, n = 8]; 2 – SIT with 30 s recovery intervals [SIT30, n = 7]; and 3 – control group [CG, n = 8]). SIT150 and SIT30 training groups completed sprint interval training (2-days/week; 30-s all-out running, 6–10 repetition with 150 s recovery intervals for SIT150 and 30 s for SIT30 groups, respectively), a soccer match (1-day) and routine soccer training (3-days) per week. The CG attended only routine training sessions and the soccer-match (4-days). The study experiments and the trainings were conducted during off-season. Yo-YoIRT1, Yo-YoIRT2, and VO2max were significantly improved both in SIT30 and SIT150 (p < 0.05) groups. Yo-YoIRT1 and VO2max were also significantly improved in CG (p < 0.05). Both the SIT150 and SIT30 training were shown to improve Yo-YoIRT1, Yo-YoIRT2 and VO2max performance compared to the control group, nevertheless, SIT150 was more efficient in improving the Yo-YoIRT1, Yo-YoIRT2 than SIT30. The authors of this study suggest using SIT150 to induce more effective performance outputs in amateur soccer players.Öğe The Distinguishing Factor in Soccer Players is Aerobic Performance, not the ACTN3 Gene(2023)The purpose of this study was to reveal the differences between ACTN3 genotype (RR, RX, XX) and aerobic performance [Yo-Yo IRT1 (m), VO2 max (ml/kg/min)] in professional and regional amateur league soccer players and to reveal which of these parameters was a distinctive factor in these athletes.71 professional soccer players (age: 23.66 ± 4.11 years; body height: 1.79 ± 6.99 m; body weight: 76.02 ± 6.76 kg; body fat: 11.59±3.11 %) and 62 regional amateur soccer players (age: 23.63 ±3.77 years; body height: 1.81 ± 5.77 m; body weight: 76.36 ± 7.53 kg; body fat: 15.60±4.65 %) volunteered for the study. After DNA extraction from buccal epithelial cells via a commercial kit was performed for the genetic background of the athletes, Real-Time PCR was carried out for genotyping. Furthermore, Yo-Yo IRT1 test was performed to determine the aerobic performance of the soccer players. SPSS 23 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) package program was used for the statistical analysis of the data obtained in the tests. Shapiro-Wilk test for normality and Levene's test for homogeneity of variance were performed. Chi-Square, Independent Sample T Test and One Way ANOVA test were used in the analysis of the parameters. Statistical significance was set as p<0.05. In the study, there found no meaningful statistical significance in terms of the rs1815739 polymorphism in the ACTN3 gene between the groups (p>0.05); however, there was a statistical significance in favor of professional soccer players in terms of aerobic parameters (p<0.05). Consequently, it can be said that aerobic performance is the distinguishing factor, not the ACTN3 gene, in soccer players.
