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Öğe Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms in Overweight/Obese Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Dialysis(Aves, 2024) Bagci, Gokhan; Huzmeli, Can; Bagci, Binnur; Candan, FerhanBackground: Little is known about the possible association of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms in obese patients with chronic kidney disease on dialysis (CKD-G5D). Therefore, we aimed to investigate VDR gene TaqI, ApaI, and FokI single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in overweight/obese CKD-G5D patients. Methods: Seventy-one normal-weight and 68 overweight/obese CKD-G5D patients were included in the study. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method was used for genotyping. Demographic and laboratory data were obtained from the medical records of patients. Results: For all 3 SNPs, no significant association was found between normal-weight and overweight/obese patients ( P > .05). High-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentrations were lower, but triglyceride (TG) and glucose levels were higher in overweight/obese patients compared to normal-weight patients ( P < .001 for HDL and TG and P = .023 for glucose). In overweight/obese patients, individuals with the TaqI CC genotype had higher (PTH) levels than those with TC and TT genotypes (CC = 717.1 +/- 616.4, TC = 342.7 +/- 360.8, and TT = 310.2 +/- 323.4 pg/mL; P = .028). Similarly, patients with the ApaI genotype (627.3 +/- 653.0 mg/dL) had higher TG levels than those with the AA and AC genotypes (CC = 627.3 +/- 653.0, AA = 223.3 +/- 156.6, AC = 193.1 +/- 85.4; P < .001). Overweight/obese patients with the FokI TT genotype had higher glucose concentrations than those with the CC and CT genotypes (CC = 183.4 +/- 128.4 mg/dL, TT = 151.9 +/- 66.1 mg/dL, and CT = 107.6 +/- 41.9 mg/dL; P = .008). Conclusion: Our study suggests that VDR TaqI, ApaI, and FokI polymorphisms are not associated with obesity in CKD-G5D patients. However, they might increase the risk of secondary hyperparathyroidism, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia.Öğe Urea Cycle and Arginine Metabolic Changes in COVID-19 Patients(Galenos Publ House, 2023) Ozbay, Sedat; Aydin, Hueseyin; Korkmaz, Ilhan; Tekin, Yusuf Kenan; Tekin, Guelacan; Yurtbay, Sefa; Sargin, Ata BerkayAim: Metabolic changes begin after the invasion of an infectious microorganism and continue to develop as a series of interrelated events. Arginine is important in infectious diseases due to lymphocyte proliferation, nitricoxide production by macrophages, and the use of polyamides in the immune response. In this study, we aimed to examine the possible causes and consequences of urea cycle amino acid metabolism changes by comparing plasma arginine and urea cycle amino acid levels in Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated the urea cycle and arginine metabolic changes and compared the plasma aminoacid levels of 35 COVID-19 patients and a healthy control group (n=35). The patient was diagnosed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction of oropharyngeal-nasofaringeal swab specimens. For statistical analyzes, Mann-Whitney U and chi-square tests were used. Results: The aminoacid plasma levels of argininosuccinate (1.03 mu mol/L, p=3.3x10-3), arginine (53.64 mu mol/L, p=1.1x10-3), aspartic acid (3.83 mu mol/L, p=5.5x10-9), citrulline (27.79 mu mol/L, p=3.3x10-5), glutamine (489.6 mu mol/L, p=9.0x10-17), lysine (206.4 mu mol/L, p=5.8x10-8), ornithine (129.5 mu mol/L, p=0.012), plasma levels and glutamine/glutamate (p=3.4x10-11), arg/ornithine (p=0.033), asp/argininosuccinate (p=0.011) ratios were decreased in the COVID-19 patient group compared to the healthy group. Conclusion: Arginine is significant in endothelial control, the urea cycle, and immune activation. Arginine deficiency in COVID-19 patients may cause disturbances in this biological process and its pathways. As indicated by many clinical trials, we believe that preventing a decrease in plasma arginine levels will prevent a poor prognosis of patients and metabolic pathway disturbances in the urea cycle.Öğe Investigation of the effects of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells and curcumin on Achilles tendon healing - can they act synergistically?(Turkish Assoc Trauma Emergency Surgery, 2023) Ozturk, Tugce Merve; Ozyazgan, Irfan; Sezer, Gulay; Yalcin, Betul; Goc, Ruemeysa; Ulger, Menekse; Ozocak, HakanBACKGROUND: It is known that curcumin and umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) positively affect experimental tendon injury healing. This study investigated individual effects and potential synergistic effects of using curcumin and UC-MSCs alone and together.METHODS: Eighty female Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups: Control, curcumin, sesame oil, MSCs, and Curcumin+MSCs groups. In all rats, punch tendon defect was created in both right and left Achilles tendons. While no additional treatment was applied to the control group, curcumin, sesame oil used as a solvent for curcumin, MSCs, and MSCs and curcumin com-bination were applied locally to the injury site, respectively, in the other groups. Curcumin was solved in sesame oil before application. In each group, half of the animals were euthanized in the post-operative 2nd week while the other half were euthanized in the post-operative 4th week. The right Achilles was used for biomechanical testing, while the left Achilles was used for histological evaluation and immunohistochemical analysis of type I, Type III collagen, and tenomodulin.RESULTS: Histologically, significant improvement was observed in the curcumin, MSCs, and Curcumin+ MSCs groups compared to the control Group in the 2nd week. In the 2nd and 4th weeks, Type III collagen was significantly increased in the curcumin group com-pared to the control group. In week 4, tenomodulin increased significantly in the curcumin and MSCs groups compared to the control group. Tendon tensile strength increased significantly in MSCs and Curcumin+MSCs groups compared to the control group in the 4th week. No superiority was observed between the treatment groups regarding their positive effects on recovery.CONCLUSION: Locally used curcumin and UC-MSCs showed positive effects that were not superior to each other in the healing of injury caused by a punch in the Achilles tendons of rats. However, synergistic effects on healing were not observed when they were applied together.Öğe The effect of problem-solving skills education on suicide ideation and self-esteem of inpatients at the psychiatry service: A follow-up study(Kare Publ, 2024) Tel, Havva; Kelleci, Meral; Basegmez, Filiz DoganObjectives: This study focused on exploring the effect of education program held to improve problem -solving skills for the patients who were hospitalized at a psychiatry service and had suicide ideation upon self-esteem and suicide ideation. Methods: The study was done as a follow-up study with a pre-test, post-test, and control group. The study was conducted with 34 patients -17 patients assigned to the experimental group and 17 patients to the control group. A threesession problem -solving skills development program was held for the patients. The scales were again administered to the patients 3 weeks and 6 weeks later the training and patients were followed-up. The study data were gathered using the Information Request Form, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale and Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation. Results: In the study, the experimental and the control groups were similar in terms of gender, marital status, educational status, family type, those with whom they lived together, employment status, economic status, suicide history, problem -solving level, and medical diagnosis (p>0.05). After the problem -solving training, there were statistically significant differences among the average suicide ideation scores of the experimental group patients (p<0.05). The experimental group patients' self-esteem scores increased while their suicide ideation scores decreased. In terms of the variables of gender and previous suicide attempts, intragroup comparisons of the patients in the experimental and control groups showed that a statistically significant difference existed between average scores of self-esteem and suicide ideation (p<0.05), however, there was no significant difference in intergroup comparisons (p>0.05). Conclusion: In the study; a three -session problem -solving skills development program was held for the inpatients with suicide ideation and their self-esteem went up while suicide ideation went down.Öğe Our 5-Year Clinical Experience in Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss(Aves, 2023) Aksoy, Ahmet; Gungor, Ozge OzataBackground: The aim of the study was to determine which steroids effectively treat idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL). Methods: Records of patients who were followed up for ISSNHL diagnosis between 2014 and 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The efficacy of different steroids (systemic, intratympanic, and systemic + intratympanic) in the treatment of ISSNHL was evaluated. Eighty-nine patients diagnosed with ISSNHL were included in the study. In addition to steroid treatment, all groups received standard treatment. It was observed that 43 patients received steroid treatment orally, 17 received intratympanic, and the remaining 23 received combination treatment. The recovery was evaluated according to the modified Siegel's criteria. Results: The mean age of the patients was 50.2 +/- 14.7 years; 60% (n = 53) were male, and 40% (n = 36) were female. The median values of pure tone averages before treatment were 43.41 +/- 17.92 dB, 53.9 +/- 14.70 dB, and 51.86 +/- 12.76 dB in the systemic steroid, intratympanic steroid, and combined treatment groups, respectively. After treatment, hearing levels improved by 22.62 +/- 15.87 dB, 38.4 +/- 18.83 dB, and 34.26 +/- 17.98 dB, respectively. The treatment efficacy of the groups was statistically significant in terms of pure tone averages (P <.05). The improvement rate with systemic treatment was 4.25 times higher than that of intratympanic treatment. There was no significant difference between patients who received intratympanic treatment and those who received combination therapy (P =.55). There was no significant difference between patients receiving systemic and combination treatments (P =.058). Conclusion: Systemic steroids are more effective than intratympanic treatment for ISSNHL. This study showed that systemic steroids were more effective during initial treatment.Öğe The Prognostic Importance of the Systemic Immune-inflammation Index in Patients with Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever(Galenos Publ House, 2023) Celik, Simsek; Korkmaz, IlhanAim: To evaluate the power of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in the prediction of mortality in patients with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) presenting at the emergency department (ED). Materials and Methods: The study included patients who presented at the ED between April 2020 and November 2022 and were hospitalized for treatment in the Infectious Diseases Department. The demographic data, neutrophil/lymphoc yte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphoc yte ratio (PLR), and SII were recorded. Categorical data were analyzed with the chi-square test and continuous data with the Mann-Whitney U test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine the factors predicting the risk of mortality. Results: The SII value (p=0.010) and NLR (p<0.001) were determined to be significantly higher and the PLR (p=0.015) was significantly lower in CCHF patients who developed mortality compared to those who did not. ROC analysis showed the NLR and SII parameters to be significant in the prediction of mortality. Conclusion: SII at the time of presentation at the ED can be used for predicting the mortality in CCHF patients.Öğe Optimization of photocatalytic treatment parameters by response surface method in dye removal with TiO 2-ZrO 2 catalyst(Pamukkale Univ, 2023) Selcuk, Sefa Furkan; Koker, Berk; Cebeci, Meltem SariogluFor the optimization of chemical processes, traditional methods by accepting one parameter as variable and keeping other parameters constant are insufficient. Methods that allow the interaction of parameters by modeling the process, such as the response surface method, provide both financial and temporal advantages. In this study, response surface method and central composite design were used to model and optimize the removal parameters of Maxilon Blue GRL dye by photocatalytic method. The catalyst concentration, the amount of ZrO 2 used in the production of the catalyst and the reaction time were selected as removal parameters. As a response parameter, the color removal efficiency was investigated. In the single factor analysis, optimum conditions were determined as 0.775g/L catalyst, 0.4g ZrO 2 amount and 45min reaction time. With the analysis of 3D surface and contour graphics, it was evaluated that the interaction between catalyst concentration and ZrO 2 amount parameters was low, while the interaction of the reaction time parameter with the ZrO 2 amount and catalyst concentration parameters was found to be high. In line with the results of the ANOVA analysis and validation experiment, it has been proven that the predicted values of the model can represent the analysis values. In the optimum option chosen for the validation experiment, the estimated value of the model was 90.154%, while 91% removal efficiency was achieved as a result of the analysis.Öğe Histopathological and immunohistochemical investigation of the effect of Shilajit in rats with experimental spinal cord injury(Turkish Assoc Trauma Emergency Surgery, 2023) Cetin, Eyup; Sancak, Tunahan; Keles, Omer Faruk; Unlu, Ilker; Akyol, Mehmet Edip; Arabaci, OzkanBACKGROUND: This experimental study was designed to investigate the histopathological and immunohistochemical effects of Shilajit in rats with experimentally induced spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS: The rats were divided into three groups: Control group: The group in which spinal cord damage was created but no drug was administered. Low-dose group: This is the group in which intraperitoneal Shilajit is given at a dose of 150 mg/kg at the 1st h, 1st day, 2nd day, and 3rd day after spinal cord damage was induced. High-dose group: This is the group in which intraperitoneal Shilajit is given at a dose of 250 mg/kg at the 1st h, 1st day, 2nd day, and 3rd day after spinal cord damage was induced. Thin sections taken from the spinal cord after euthanasia were sent for histopathological and immunohistochemical examination. RESULTS: Histopathological examination of the high-dose group showed lower amounts of morphological findings compared to the low-dose group and control group. While a significant CD68 immune reaction was observed in the control group of rats with spinal injury, the positive immune reaction was found to be significantly decreased in the Shilajit-applied groups. CONCLUSION: It is thought that the use of Shilajit in SCI will reduce the effects of secondary damage in SCI and that its administration to such patients will have positive effects on the results.Öğe Do Shocks Permanently Affect Ecological Balance Per Capita in Brazil, South Africa, and New Zealand?(Istanbul Univ, 2023) Erdogmus, MehmetThe aim of this study is to reveal whether the ecological balance per capita calculated separately for Brazil, South Africa, and New Zealand is permanently affected by shocks or not. The analysis period (depending on data availability) covers the period 1961-2022 for all countries examined. The data used in the study are on an annual basis. The ecological balance per capita has been obtained by subtracting the per capita ecological footprint from the per capita biocapacity. In order to make a choice between unit root tests that do not take into account nonlinearity and those that do, the linearity test suggested by Harvey et al. (2008) was first applied. Considering the results of the linearity analysis, the ADF unit root test, the unit root test recommended by Elliott et al. (1996), and the unit root test proposed by Narayan and Popp (2010) were applied to the data of Brazil and the data of New Zealand. For the ecological balance per capita series of South Africa, the unit root test recommended by Kapetanios et al. (2003), the unit root test proposed by Kruse (2011), and the unit root test suggested by G & uuml;riss (2019) were applied. According to the findings obtained, it can be said that the shocks to the ecological balance per capita (calculated separately for Brazil, South Africa, and New Zealand) have a permanent effect. The study also made important suggestions based on the findings.Öğe Exploring Regional Disparities in Heart Failure Epidemiology and Outcomes: A Comprehensive Study Across Geographical Regions in Türkiye(Galenos Publ House, 2024) Sahin, Anil; Coellueoglu, Tugce; Celik, Ahmet; Ata, Naim; Yilmaz, Mehmet Birhan; Ural, Dilek; Kanik, ArzuBackground: Heart failure (HF) is a common condition that affects 1-3% of the general population. Its prevalence exhibits notable international and intranational disparities, partly explained by socioeconomic status, religion, ethnic diversity, and geographic factors. A comprehensive understanding of the epidemiological symptoms of HF in different regions of Turkiye has yet to be revealed. Aims: To examine epidemiological data from 2016 to 2022, focusing on crucial patient characteristics and geographical regions, to determine the incidence and prevalence of HF in Turkiye across seven diverse geographical regions.Study Design: A nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study.Methods: The comprehensive National Electronic Database of the Turkish Ministry of Health was used in this study to obtain data that covers the whole Turkish population from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2022. The International Classification of Diseases-10 (ICD-10) codes were used to identify adults with HF (n = 2,701,099) and associated comorbidities. Turkiye is divided into seven geographically distinct regions. Epidemiological characteristics and survival data of these regions were analyzed separately. All-cause mortality was set as the primary outcome. Results: In , the total estimated prevalence of adult patients with HF is 2.939%, ranging from 2.442% in Southeastern Anatolia to 4.382% in the Black Sea Region. Except for the Eastern Anatolia Region, the three most often reported comorbidities were hypertension, dyslipidemia, and anxiety disorders. The rates of prescribing guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) for HF and other medications varied significantly. GDMT prescription rates were lowest in the Eastern Anatolia Region (82.6% for beta-blockers, 48.7% for RASi, 31.8% for mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and 9.4% for SGLT2i). The Mediterranean and Aegean regions had the highest median N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels of 1,990,0 pg/ml (518.0-6,636,0) and 1,441,0 pg/ml (363.0-5,000,0), respectively. From 2016 to 2022, 915,897 (33.9%) of 2,701,099 patients died. The Eastern Anatolia Region had the lowest all-cause mortality rate of 26.5%, whereas the Black Sea Region had the highest all-cause mortality rate of 35.3%.Conclusion: Our real-world analysis revealed geographic disparities in HF characteristics, such as decreased mortality in socioeconomically challenged regions. Higher stress susceptibility in developed regions may increase the likelihood of adverse outcomes.Öğe Relationship between Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) Overexpression and 18F-FDG PET/CT Parameters in Patients with Gastric Cancer, and Prognostic Importance of HDAC Overexpression(Akad Doktorlar Yayinevi, 2023) Babacan, Ozge Ulas; Hasbek, Zekiye; Yilmaz, Mukaddes; Ozer, Hatice; Ataseven, HilmiHiston Deacetylases (HDACs) exert a pro-oncogenic effect by keeping genes that cause differentiation, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest in a transcriptionally quiescent state. Moreover to achieve our aim, we investigated the relationship between the patients' HDAC protein expression rates and their prognosis. In no patients, tumors were located in the cardia and corpus. While the median HDAC1 protein score was 3.5 in the early stage patients, it was 8 in the advanced stage (stage 1-2) patients, and 12 in the metastatic stage (stage 4) patients. There was a significant correlation between HDAC protein positivity and tumor localization (p= 0.030). Significant correlation was observed between histopathological stages and median HDAC1 protein scores. (p= 0.021). The HDAC1 protein score increased as the patients' stage progressed. Given the relationship between HDAC1 proteins and the survival of the patients, the 2-year survival rate was high in HDAC1 positive patients; however, it was not statistically significant. According to the results of our study, in HDAC1-positive gastric cancer patients, there was no significant relationship between SUVmax showing tumor metabolism in 18F-FDG PET/CT.Öğe Paradoxical Reactions in Tuberculosis Treatment: Mechanisms, Diagnosis and Approach(Bilimsel Tip Yayinevi, 2024) Buyuktuna, Seyit Ali; Kurtaran, Behice; Ozsahin, Sefa Levent; Senol, Gunes; Kilic, Aysegul Ulu; Tasbakan, MeltemParadoxical reactions (PR) refer to the worsening of clinical manifestations of tuberculosis (TB) after the initiation of TB treatment, particularly occurring during the recovery of immune function in immunocompromised individuals. This syndrome is also known as immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome and is more common in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals after the initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Although the mechanisms of PR are not fully understood, excessive inflammatory responses triggered by increased antigen load and rapid immune response are considered the main cause. This is associated with a strong T-cell response to antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Paradoxical reactions in HIV-positive individuals after ART initiation is characterized by a sudden and intense activation of TB-fighting immune cells. Symptoms of PR include fever, lymphadenopathy, pulmonary infiltrates, and enlargement of existing TB lesions. A major diagnostic challenge is the exclusion of TB treatment-resistant mycobacterial infections or other infections. Management of PR mainly involves the continuation of TB and HIV treatment. Anti-inflammatory drugs, such as corticosteroids, can be used in severe PR cases. By reducing inflammation, corticosteroids can relieve the symptoms of the disease and improve the quality of life. However, the use of these drugs should be carefully monitored and side effects should be considered. Enhancing our understanding of the mechanisms behind paradoxical reactions and developing effective management strategies could significantly advance the fight against TB and HIV. This review aims to explore the mechanisms, diagnosis, and management strategies of paradoxical reactions in tuberculosis treatment.Öğe Prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity and related variables in children with specific learning disabilities(Cukurova Univ, Fac Medicine, 2024) Akkus, Serdar; Cicek, Ayla Uzun; Ucuz, Ilknur; Isik, Cansu MercanPurpose: Psychiatric comorbidity is more common in specific learning disabilities (SLDs) than in the general population. It is extremely common. Psychiatric disorders associated with SLD cause more cognitive, social, and emotional difficulties, further impair functionality and worsen prognosis. This study aimed to examine the frequency of psychiatric comorbidity and the sociodemographic characteristics and clinical variables associated with comorbidity in children with SLD. Materials and Methods: This study included 226 children and adolescents aged 7-17 years who were diagnosed with specific learning disabilities and who applied to our outpatient clinic between March 2021 and August 2021. A battery of tests was administered to all participants, including the Reading Test, Writing Test, Mathematics Test, Clock Drawing Test, Head Right-Left Discrimination Test, and Bender Gestalt Visual-Motor Perception Test. In addition, the Kent-EGY Test-Porteus Maze Test (PMT) or the Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R) were administered. A semi-structured diagnostic interview was conducted with the participants and their parents to investigate the presence of any psychopathology in the past and present (Turkish version of the Turkish version of the Schedule for the Interview for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (DSM-5-K-SADSPL-DSM-5-T) was applied. Results: There was at least one comorbid psychiatric disorder in 81.4% of the participants. The most common comorbid disorder was attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, with a frequency of 73.5%. Other common disorders were disruptive behavior disorders, elimination disorders, anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, and tobacco use disorders. Severe types of SLD were more common in those with psychiatric comorbidities, and the mean age was significantly higher than in those without. Conclusion: Being aware of the psychiatric comorbidity that children with SLD are called to face is essential for drawing up proper standards of assessment, hence ensuring these children have personalized psychiatric care and enhancing their quality of life.Öğe Investigation of N and P removal from aqueous solution by magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) precipitation(Pamukkale Univ, 2023) Ozturk, Mustafa; Bali, UlusoyPrecipitation of struvite or magnesium ammonium phosphate (MgNH4PO4.6H(2)O, MAP) in wastewater treatment plants where nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) treatment is carried out causes very important operational problems. Also, since MAP has commercial value, its control and recovery is important. Therefore, batch experiments were conducted to examine the effects of pH, Magnesium (Mg): N and N:P molar ratio, different Mg2+ sources and the presence of calcium (Ca2+) on MAP crystallization. Experimental results showed that at a constant Mg:N:P=1:1:1 ratio, the optimum pH was 9, and the N and P removal efficiencies at this pH were 79.4% and 88.4% respectively. These removal efficiencies for N and P increased to 87.6% and 99.1%, respectively, by increasing the Mg:N ratio to 1.25:1. By increasing the N:P ratio to 1:1.15, the N removal efficiency increased to 96.4%, but the P removal efficiency decreased to 96.1%. The most effective source of Mg2+ was found to be MgCl2.6H(2)O, with N and P removal efficiencies of over 96%. It was found that the N removal efficiency was significantly reduced in the presence of Ca2+ in the solution. It was determined that the N removal efficiency, which was >96% in the absence of Ca2+, decreased to 68.6% at 1000 mg/L Ca2+ concentration. In the XRD analysis performed on the sediment, it was determined that the formation was a MAP crystal, and in the addition of Ca2+, an amorphous structure rich in Ca2+ was formed instead of MAP.Öğe Horizontal Gaze Palsy Associated with Progressive Scoliosis: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings(Galenos Publ House, 2023) Atalar, Mehmet Haydar; Yildiz, oezlem Kayim; Baspinar, Nisa[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Social Studies Teacher Candidates' Perceptions of Historical Concepts(Cukurova Univ, 2024) Yilmaz, Kaya; Kilic, EsraConcepts, which are the basic building blocks of knowledge, play an important role in history education. This study was conducted to reveal the perceptions and misconceptions of social studies teacher candidates about historical concepts. The study was carried out using qualitative research method. Purposeful sampling method was used for selecting the research participants. Equal numbers of female and male Social Studies teacher candidates studying at a state university were selected as research participants in the study. A semi -structured interview form was used to reveal the participants' perceptions about the concepts under scrutiny. Descriptive data analysis technique was used to analyze the collected research data. As a result of the data analysis, it was found that the pre -service teachers had difficulty in giving scientific definitions of the historical concepts examined in the study, and they defined the concepts on the basis of the connotations and analogies in their minds. It was also found that most of the pre -service teachers could not fully define the concepts, and they experienced confusion and misconceptions about some historical concepts. The reasons for their misconceptions are attributable to their incomplete and incorrect knowledge about concepts or their inability to associate the concepts with each other within the context of the relevant subject learned.Öğe Comparison of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Plus Interval Debulking Surgery and Primary Debulking Surgery in Patients with Stage III and IV Ovarian Carcinoma: A Multicenter Real Life Experience(Kare Publ, 2023) Yilmaz, Mukaddes; Basak, Mustafa; Ozyukseler, Deniz Tataroglu; Yildirim, Mahmut Emre; Arik, Zafer; Salman, Mehmet Coskun; Gultekin, MuratOBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to compare treatment outcomes of the patients with federation of gynecology and obstetrics stages III and IV ovarian carcinomas, who underwent interval debulking surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), and patients who underwent adjuvant chemotherapy after primary debulking surgery (PDS). METHODS Patients from four centers (n=183) were retrospectively evaluated. Of the patients, 91 (50%) were in the PDS group and 92 (50%) in the NACT group. RESULTS In the NACT group patients have advanced age, poor performance status, high levels of CA125, and advanced disease stage compared with the PDS group (p<0.050). Of the patients receiving NACT, 14 (15%) had a complete response, and 68 (74%) had a partial response. The R0 rate was higher in the PDS group (p=0.018). In univariate analysis, poor prognostic factors affecting OS were NACT in the treatment protocol (p<0.001), poor performance status (p<0.001), advanced age (<70 vs. >= 70, p=0.002), advanced clinical stage (p=0.042), and localization of the tumor with the largest diameter outside the omentum and ovary at the time of diagnosis (p=0.029). In the multivariate analysis, the presence of NACT (HR: 2.30, 95% CI: 1.25-4.23, p=0.007) and poor performance (HR: 2.52, 95% CI: 1.18-5.10, p=0.017) were independent poor prognostic factors for OS. CONCLUSION In the study, OS was better in the PDS group than in the NACT group. This result was thought to be associated with the NACT group having more disadvantageous characteristics (advanced age, poor performance, high CA125 level, advanced stage, etc.).Öğe Acute Stroke Management in Türkiye: Intravenous Tissue Plasminogen Activator and Thrombectomy NöroTek: Türkiye Neurology Single Day Study(Galenos Publ House, 2023) Topcuoglu, Mehmet Akif; Ozdemir, Atilla Ozcan; Arsava, Ethem Murat; Gunes, Aygul; Aykac, Özlem; Gencer, Elif Sarionder; Cabalar, MuratObjective: To reveal the profile and practice in patients with acute stroke who received intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV tPA) and/or neurointerventional therapy in Turkiye. Materials and Methods: On World Stroke Awareness Day, May 10, 2018, 1,790 patients hospitalized in 87 neurology units spread over 30 health regions were evaluated retrospectively and prospectively. Results: Intravenous tPA was administered to 12% of 859 cases of acute ischemic stroke in 45 units participating in the study. In the same period, 8.3% of the cases received neurointerventional treatment. The rate of good prognosis [modified Rankin score (mRS) 0-2] at discharge was 46% in 83 patients who received only IV tPA [age: 67 +/- 12 years; National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS): 12 +/- 6; hospital stay, 24 +/- 29 days]; 35% in 51 patients who underwent thrombectomy (MT) alone (age: 64 +/- 13 years; NIHSS: 14.1 +/- 6.5; length of hospital stay, 33 +/- 31 days), 19% in those who received combined treatment (age: 66 +/- 14 years; NIHSS: 15.6 +/- 5.4; length of hospital stay, 26 +/- 35 days), and 56% of 695 patients who did not receive treatment for revascularization (age: 70 +/- 13 years; NIHSS: 7.6 +/- 7.2; length of hospital stay, 21 +/- 28 days). The symptom-to-door time was 87 +/- 53 minutes in the IV treatment group and 200 +/- 26 minutes in the neurointerventional group. The average door-to-needle time was 66 +/- 49 minutes in the IV tPA group. In the neurothrombectomy group, the door-to-groin time was 103 +/- 90 minutes, and the TICI 2b-3 rate was 70.3%. In 103 patients who received IV tPA, the discharge mRS 0-2 was 41%, while the rate of mRS 0-1 was 28%. In 71 patients who underwent neurothrombectomy, the mRS 0-2 was 31% and mRS 0-1 was 18%. The door-to-groin time was approximately 30 minutes longer if IV tPA was received (125 +/- 107 and 95 +/- 83 minutes, respectively). Symptomatic bleeding rates were 4.8% in IV recipients, 17.6% among those who received only MT, and 15% in combined therapy. Globally, the hemorrhage rate was 6.8% in patients receiving IV tPA and 16.9% in MT. Conclusion: IV thrombolytic and neurointerventional treatment applications in acute ischemic stroke in Turkiye can provide the anticipated results. Heterogeneity has begun to be reduced in our country with the dissemination of the system indicated by the Directive on Health Services to be Provided to Patients with Acute Stroke.Öğe Self-Efficacy Perceptions of Religious Culture and Moral Knowledge Teachers on Differentiated Instruction(Cumhuriyet Univ, Fac Theology, 2023) Yildiz, MehmetDifferentiated instruction is an approach that centers on the fact that every student is different and shapes the teaching process according to this reality. Students in the learning environment differ from each other in terms of characteristics such as prior knowledge, interest, needs, learning style, socio-cultural background, cognitive affective-psychomotor readiness. In order for students with different characteristics to benefit from education in the best way, it is necessary to diversify education in terms of content, teaching-learning process and measurement-evaluation dimensions, taking these differences into account. In this diversification, students' readiness, interest and learning profiles are taken into account as a whole. Although educational programs are prepared by taking the similarities between individuals into account in practice, teachers are expected to diversify the process by taking the individual differences of the students into account and design different learning paths for students with different characteristics. One of the areas that needs to be planned and implemented with a differentiated teaching approach within formal education is religious education. Differentiated religious teaching is to diversify religious teaching in terms of content, learning-teaching process and measurement and evaluation dimensions, taking the individual differences of students into account such as their prior religious knowledge, interest and attitudes towards religion, cultural affiliations and learning profiles. In this study, the self-efficacy perceptions of Religious Culture and Moral Knowledge (Din Kulturu ve Ahlak Bilgisi, abb. DKAB in Turkish) teachers towards differentiated teaching were examined. Determining the self-efficacy perceptions of DKAB teachers regarding differentiated instruction is important in terms of providing information about their success in planning, implementing and evaluating according to differentiated instruction in the Religious Culture and Moral Knowledge course. The research sought answers to the following questions: 1. What are DKAB teachers' self-efficacy perceptions towards differentiated instruction? 2. Is there a significant relationship between DKAB teachers' self-efficacy perceptions towards differentiated instruction and teachers' gender, age, years of service, graduated higher education program and the type of school they work in? The research is a descriptive study and is of quantitative type and survey model. The population ofthe research consists of DKAB teachers working in primary and secondary education institutions in the 2nd semester of the 2021-2022 academic year. The sample of the research consists of 425 DKAB teachers selected from the population using the appropriate sampling method. Differentiated Instruction Self-Efficacy Scale developed by Mutlu, ozturk and Aktekin was used to collect the data used in the research. The data collected in the study was analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 package program. According to the findings obtained in the study, DKAB teachers' self-efficacy perceptions regarding differentiated instruction are at a high level. The characteristics of DKAB teachers' age, years of service, and the type of school they work in do not have a significant effect on teachers' self-efficacy perceptions regarding differentiated instruction. There is a significant relationship between DKAB teachers' gender and the characteristics of the higher education program they graduated from and their self-efficacy perceptions. Male teachers consider themselves more competent in differentiated instruction. The self-efficacy perceptions of the teachers who graduated from the primary education DKAB Teaching program are at a higher level than the teachers who graduated from the theology (Ilahiyat) program, which is described as the faculty of theology. It is thought that the research will contribute to the field of differentiated religious teaching.Öğe The Effect of Nettle ( Urtica dioica L.), Carob ( Ceratonia siliqua L.), and Chaste ( Vitex agnus-castus L.) Plants on Fertility in Caenorhabditis elegans(Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2024) Sarac, Handan; Ozpinar, HulyaThis study was carried out to determine the effects of different are traditionally used in the treatment of infertility among the people, on fertility in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), which is a model organism. Scope of work; 0.1%, 0.05%, 0.02%, and 0.01% concentrations of the water extracts of the plants were applied to the C. elegans standard medium and egg counts were made for 3 days according to the Koelle protocol. In addition, one day after each egg count, uncracked eggs were determined, and egg productivity was calculated. The analyses were performed in triplicate, the averages were determined and the differences between the groups were statistically compared with the SPSS program. According to the results obtained from the study, it was determined that Nettle, Carob, and Chaste plants have positive effects on fertility. Among the plants, it was determined that the plant that affected fertility the most was Nettle, followed by Chaste and Carob plants, respectively. In addition, in terms of dosage applications, the best effect in all three plants has been observed at the highest dose of 0.1%.
