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  • Öğe
    ANALYSIS OF PERCEPTIONS OF TURKISH FANS OF VIDEO-ASSISTANT-REFEREES IN ELITE SOCCER
    (SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH IN SPORT PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND RECREATION, 2021) Fişne, Mücahit; Bardakçı, Sait; Hasaan, Ali
    There has been considerable investment in the use of technology to ensure better accuracy of referees’ decisions in several areas of sports. Video-assistant-referee (VAR) system in football is one of them. The purpose of this study was to investigate the fans’ opinions of VAR. A quantitative survey was conducted among 1019 football fans for their opinions on the effects of VAR on football. The final instrument used had five factors and 16 items. The construct validity of the 5-factor scale designed to measure the opinions of Turkish football fans on the VAR system, was examined using a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Five effects of VAR on football was identified: four positive (competition, referee performance, justice, fair play) and one negative (passion killing). The results indicated that VAR increases the competitiveness between teams, helps referees feel less pressured due to the assistance of VAR and reduces the effect of human error. Fans believe that VAR brought justice and fair play to football, as VAR decision-making does not discriminate. The results of the study can help sports organisations present a better image of VAR after knowing positive and negative views of fans.
  • Öğe
    ATHLETIC IDENTITY AND MORAL DISENGAGEMENT IN DOPING
    (2021) Caz, Çağdaş; Kayhan, Recep Fatih; Bardakçı, Sait; Hasaan, Ali
    The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between athletic identity of athletes and their moral disengagement in doping. Also determined was whether athletic identity has an impact on athletes’ moral disengagement in doping. Comparisons of athletic identity and moral disengagement scores of the athletes for some variables was included. Athletic Identity Scale and Moral Disengagement in Doping Scale were completed by 364 Turkish athletes. The average age of the sample was 20.99±4.29 years. The average of the answers given to the scale items, Athletic Identify and Moral Disengagement scores were calculated. Path analysis was used and the t-test and ANOVA were applied for intergroup comparisons. The average exclusivity scores of male athletes were significantly higher than that of female athletes. It was determined that professional athletes’ social identity and exclusivity average scores are significantly higher and more meaningful than amateur athletes. The path analysis revealed that the social identity perceived by the athletes has a positive and statistically significant effect on moral disengagement in doping. In addition, the exclusivity perceived by athletes has a negative and significant effect on moral disengagement. Athletic identity and moral disengagement in doping differ according to gender, age, sport level and sport age.
  • Öğe
    İŞYERİ YALNIZLIĞININ İŞKOLİKLİK ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: KARDEMİR A.Ş.'DE BİR
    (2015) Abdullah Karakaya; Ozan Büyükyılmaz; Ferda Alper Ay
    İşyeri yalnızlığı, bireyin iş hayatında kurduğu zayıf ilişkilerden kaynaklanan ve stres yaratan durum olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Diğer taraftan işkoliklik ise, genel olarak aşırı bir şekilde çalışmak için kontrol edilemeyen ve zorlayıcı bir ihtiyaç olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı işyeri yalnızlığının iki boyutu olan duygusal yalnızlık ve sosyal yalnızlığın işkolikliğin iki boyutu olan aşırı çalışma ve zorlayıcı çalışma üzerindeki etkilerini belirleyebilmektir. Bu amaç kapsamında, Kardemir A.Ş'de çalışmakta olan 413 işçi, memur ve yöneticiden anket yöntemi kullanılarak veriler elde edilmiştir. Hipotezleri test etmek amacıyla, yapısal eşitlik modellemesi kapsamında oluşturulan yol analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, duygusal yalnızlığın aşırı çalışma ve zorlayıcı çalışma davranışlarını arttırdığı belirlenmiştir. Buna karşılık sosyal yalnızlık ile aşırı çalışma ve zorlayıcı çalışma davranışları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilememiştir