Sensitive determination of Fluoxetine and Citalopram antidepressants in urine and wastewater samples by liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detector
Date
02.05.2021Author
Sarıkaya, MerveUlusoy, Halil İbrahim
Morgül, Ümmügülsüm
Ulusoy, Songül
Targalia, Angela
Yılmaz, Erkan
Soylak, Mustafa
Locatelli, Marcello
Kabir, Abuzar
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Merve Sarıkayaa , Halil Ibrahim Ulusoy, Prof.Dr a,∗ , Ummugulsum Morgul a , Songül Ulusoy b , Angela Tartagliac , Erkan Yılmaz d,e,f , Mustafa Soylakg,h, Marcello Locatelli c , Abuzar Kabir i a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140, Sivas, Turkey b Department of Pharmacy, Vocational School of Health Service, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140, Sivas , Turkey c Department of Pharmacy, University of Chieti-Pescara “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy d Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Turkey e ERNAM Erciyes University, Nanotechnology Application and Research Center, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey f Technology Research and Application Center (TAUM), Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey g Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Turkey h Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA), Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey i Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199, USAAbstract
A new analyte separation and preconcentration method for the trace determination of antidepressant drugs, Fluoxetine (FLU) and Citalopram (CIT) in urine and wastewaters, was developed based on HPLC-DAD analysis after magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE). In the proposed method, FLU and CIT were retained on the newly synthetized magnetic sorbent (Fe3O4@PPy-GO) in the presence of buffer (pH 10.0) and then were desorbed into a lower volume of acetonitrile prior to the chromatographic determinations. Before HPLC analysis, all samples were filtered through a 0.45 µm PTFE filter. Experimental parameters such as interaction time, desorption solvent and volume, and pH were studied and optimized in order to establish the detection limit, linearity, enrichment factor and other analytical figures of merit under optimum operation conditions. In the developed method, FLU and CIT were analyzed by diode array detector at the corresponding maximum wavelengths of 227 and 238 nm, respectively, by using an isocratic elution of 60% pH 3.0 buffer, 30% acetonitrile, and 10% methanol. By using the optimum conditions, limit of detections for FLU and CIT were 1.58 and 1.43 ng mL−1, respectively, while the limit of quantifications was 4.82 and 4.71 ng mL−1, respectively. Relative standard deviations (RSD%) for triplicate analyses of model solutions containing 100 ng mL−1 target molecules were found to be less than 5.0 %. Finally, the method was successfully applied to urine (both simulated and real healthy human) and wastewater samples, and quantitative results were obtained in recovery experiments.