Effects of propolis on oxidative stress in rabbits undergoing implant surgery

Abstract

Objectives: Dental implant is the reconstructive material that supports prosthetic restoration when one or more teeth is missing. Bone healing around the implant and factors that affect the bone healing affects osseointegration. Recent studies show that, free radicals are among the factors that affect the bone healing. Propolis has an antioxidant nature and effects on accelerating the bone formation, wound healing and increasing the bone density. This study is planned presuming propolis could have a positive effect on healing by reducing the free radical levels through antioxidant activity after implantation.. Materials and Methods: 24 New Zealand white rabbits were used in the study. Animals were divided into 3 groups, each consisting of 8 rabbits. In all groups, implants were placed into the proximal region of tibia unilaterally. In the control group, only the dental implant was placed in the prepared slot. Propolis solution [dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and diluted with saline] was applied to slots before placing the implants on local group. In the systemic group, propolis solution was given to rabbits every day after implantation by oral gavage. Before sacrificing the rabbits on 28th day, 5 cc of blood was taken from each rabbit to investigate Vitamin D, calcium, phosphor and antioxidant enzyme values. Results: SOD (superoxide dismutase) activity was increased in both propolis groups compared to control group, but it was not statistically significant. Catalase level of the systemic group was found to be significantly higher. MDA (malondialdehyde) level in serum, which indicates lipid peroxidation, was significantly lower in both propolis groups compared to control group. Reduced GSH (glutathione) concentration in granulation tissue was increased in rabbit groups treated with propolis compared to control group. There were no significant differences in calcium and phosphorus values, however it can be said that there is a significant increase in vitamin D amount of local and systemic groups. Conclusion: Changes in CAT, GPx and MDA levels in propolis treated groups indicate that propolis reduces oxidative stress. Observation of an increase in the level of vitamin D shows better healing of the implanted bones (especially with systemic administration) when propolis was administered. © 2018 Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry.