dc.description.abstract | Hyperkalemia is a common electrolyte disorder, especially in chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, or heart failure. Hyperkalemia can lead to potentially fatal cardiac dysrhythmias, and it is associated with increased mortality. Determining whether emergency therapy is warranted is largely based on subjective clinical judgment. The Investigator Network Initiative Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists (INI-CRCT) aimed to evaluate the current knowledge pertaining to the emergency treatment of hyperkalemia. The INI-CRCT developed a treatment algorithm reflecting expert opinion of best practices in the context of current evidence, identified gaps in knowledge, and set priorities for future research. We searched PubMed (to August 4, 2015) for consensus guidelines, reviews, randomized clinical trials, and observational studies, limited to English language but not by publication date. Treatment approaches are based on small studies, anecdotal experience, and traditional practice patterns. The safety and real world effectiveness of standard therapies remain unproven. Prospective research is needed and should include studies to better characterize the population, define the serum potassium thresholds where life threatening arrhythmias are imminent, assess the potassium and electrocardiogram response to standard interventions. Randomized, controlled trials are needed to test the safety and efficacy of new potassium binders for the emergency treatment of severe hyperkalemia in hemodynamically stable patients. Existing emergency treatments for severe hyperkalemia are not supported by a compelling body of evidence, and they are used inconsistently across institutions, with potentially significant associated side effects. Further research is needed to fill knowledge gaps, and definitive clinical trials are needed to better define optimal management strategies, and ultimately to improve outcomes in these patients. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. | en_US |
dc.contributor.department | [Rossignol, Patrick -- Zannad, Faiez] Univ Lorraine, CHU Nancy, Assoc Lorraine Traitement Insuffisance Renale, INSERM,F CRIN INI CRCT,Ctr Invest Clin 1433, Nancy, France -- [Rossignol, Patrick -- Zannad, Faiez] Univ Lorraine, CHU Nancy, Assoc Lorraine Traitement Insuffisance Renale, INSERM,F CRIN INI CRCT,U1116, Nancy, France -- [Legrand, Matthieu -- Mebazaa, Alexandre] Univ Paris 07, St Louis Hosp, INSERM, Dept Anesthesiol,Crit Care & Burn Unit,UMR S942, Paris, France -- [Legrand, Matthieu -- Mebazaa, Alexandre] F CRIN INI CRCT Nancy, Paris, France -- [Legrand, Matthieu -- Mebazaa, Alexandre] GREAT Network, Paris, France -- [Kosiborod, Mikhail] St Lukes Mid Amer Heart Inst, Kansas City, MO USA -- [Kosiborod, Mikhail] Univ Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA -- [Hollenberg, Steven M.] Cooper Univ Hosp, Div Cardiovasc Dis, Camden, NJ USA -- [Hollenberg, Steven M.] Cooper Univ Hosp, Div Crit Care Med, Camden, NJ USA -- [Peacock, W. Frank] Ben Taub Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX USA -- [Emmett, Michael] Baylor Univ, Med Ctr, Baylor Scott & White Hlth Care, Dallas, TX USA -- [Epstein, Murray] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Div Nephrol & Hypertens, Miami, FL 33136 USA -- [Kovesdy, Csaba P.] Univ Tennessee, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Nephrol, Memphis, TN USA -- [Yilmaz, Mehmet Birhan] Cumhuriyet Univ, Dept Cardiol, Fac Med, Sivas, Turkey -- [Stough, Wendy Gattis] Campbell Univ, Coll Pharm & Hlth Sci, Dept Clin Res, Buies Creek, NC 27506 USA -- [Stough, Wendy Gattis] Campbell Univ, Coll Pharm & Hlth Sci, Dept Pharm Practice, Buies Creek, NC 27506 USA -- [Gayat, Etienne] Univ Paris Diderot, Hop Univ St Louis Lariboisiere, AP HP, Dept Anesthesie Reanimat SMUR,INSERM,UMR 942, Paris, France -- [Pitt, Bertram] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Ann Arbor, MI USA | en_US |