Removal of radio nuclides of the U- and Th- series from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto Polyacryamide-expanded perlite: Effects of pH, concentration and temperature

Abstract

Poly (Acryamide-expanded perlite) [P(AAm-EP)1, was synthesized. The influence of process parameters: initial pH and five radio nuclides of the U- and Th- series (TI+, Ra2+, Bi3+, Ac3+ and Pb2+ in a leaching solution) concentration, on sorption thermodynamic was studied and discussed. The five natural radio nuclides were counted by gamma spectrometer using a type NAI (TI) detector. The amounts of five radio nuclides sorbed at equlibrium were well represented by Langmuir and Freundlich type isotherms. The Langmuir adsorption capacities (X-L) were in the order of (TI)-T-208 (0.4 MBq kg(-1)) > (212)pb and Bi-212 (0.3 MBq kg(-1)) > Ac-228 and (0.1 MBq kg(-1)) > Ra-226 (0.04 MBq kg(-1)). These results demonstrated that P(AAm-EP) had high affinity to the five natural radio nuclides. In order to specify the type of adsorption reaction, thermodynamic parameters such as the standard enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy were also determined. It was also demonstrated that the adsorption mechanism was spontaneous (Delta G < 0), the process was exothermic (Delta H < 0) thus increasing entropy (Delta S > 0). The composite was reused for four more times after regeneration without any detectable changes either in its structure or adsorptive capability. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.