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Öğe 2-Benzoil-1,3-diaril-2,3,3a,8a-tetrahidrosiklopenta[a]inden- 8(1H)-on Tu?revlerinin Sentezi, Tiyosemikarbazon ve Tiyazol Tu?revlerine Dönu?şu?mu?, Antikanser ve Antimikrobiyal Aktivitelerinin İncelenmesi(2019) Gezegen, Hayreddin; Tutar, Uğur; Hepokur, CeylanBu çalısmada öncelikle farklı su?bstitu?entlere sahip kalkon (1a-u) ve 2-benziliden indan-1-on tu?revi (2a-p) ilgili keton ve aldehitlerden aldol kondenzasyonu yolu ile sentezlendi. Elde edilen kalkon (1a-u) ve 2-benziliden indan-1-on (2a-p) tu?revleri DMSO içerisinde t-BuOK ile muamele edilerek tamamen yeni bisiklik 2-benzoil-1,3-diaril-2,3,3a,8a-tetrahidrosiklopenta[a]inden- 8(1H)-on tu?revleri (3a-z2) sentezlendi. Elde edilen bisiklik tu?revler (3a-z2) tiyosemikarbazit ile etanol içerisinde pTsOH varlıgında reflu?ks edilerek tiyosemikarbazon tu?revlerine (4a-z2) dönu?stu?ru?ldu?. Sonrasında ise sentezlenen tiyosemikarbazon (4a-z2) tu?revleri 2-brom asetofenon ile reaksiyona sokularak tiyazol (5a-z2) tu?revleri elde edildi. Elde edilen bilesiklerin spektroskopik yöntemler ile (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 2D-NMR, FT-IR ve Q-TOF LC/MS) yapı analizleri gerçeklestirildi. Son asamada ise sentezi gerçeklestirilen yeni bilesiklerin antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri on bes mikroorganizmaya karsı, antikanser aktiviteleri ise insan meme kanseri hu?cre hattı (MCF-7) ve insan meme kanseri adenokarsinoma (MDA-MB 231) hu?cre hattına karsı incelendi. Sitotoksik aktiviteleri ise insan saglıklı meme (MCF-10A) hu?cre hattına karsı incelendi. Sentezlenen bisiklik tu?revler (3a-z2) içerisinde en yu?ksek antimikrobiyal aktiviteyi 2-furan halkası içeren 3q bilesigi gösterirken tiyosemikarbazon tu?revleri (4a-z2) du?su?k du?zeyde antimikrobiyal aktivite göstermistir. Tiyazol tu?revlerinin (5a-z2) ise orta du?zeyde bir antimikrobiyal aktiviteye sahip oldugu göru?lmu?stu?r. Antikanser ve sitotoksik aktivite testlerinde sentezlenen bilesiklerin (3a-z2, 4a-z2 ve 5a-z2) iyi du?zeylerde antiproliferatif aktivite gösterdikleri gözlemlenmistir. Ancak sentezlenen bilesiklerin saglıklı hu?cre hattı (MCF-10A) ve kanser hu?cre hatlarındaki (MCF-7 ve MDA-MB-231) dozlarının birbirine yakın olması bir dezavantaj olarak degerlendirilmistir.Öğe A STUDY ON THE USE OF DIFFERENT MATERIALS COMBINED WITH ALLOGRAFT ON OSSEOINTEGRATION AND BONE REGENERATION OF DENTAL IMPLANTS WITH CORONAL DEFECTS IN A RABBIT MODEL(Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry, 2020) Elmali, Oguzhan Mehmet; Eninanç, ilknur; Yeler, Defne Yalçin; Hepokur, Ceylan; Ünal, Yener; Yeler, HasanObjectives: To assess differential effects of different materials combined with allograft on bone-to-implant contact and newly formed bone formation in dental implants with coronal defects histomorphometrically. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 24 male New Zealand white rabbits. Dental implants (3.0 ? 10 mm) were placed at the center of defects (9 mm diameter, 4 mm depth) created in the tibial bones of the rabbits. Graft (GF, n=8), graft + rifamycin (GR, n=8) and graft + black cumin oil via orogastric route (GB, n=8) were applied on the coronal aspects of the implants for 28 days. Undecalcified histomorphometric analyses were conducted on slides stained with toluidine blue. Results: Bone-to-implant contact was 46.57% ± 3.59% in the graft (GF), 67.12% ± 3.64% in the graft + rifamycin (GR) and 55.62% ± 4.37% in the graft + black cumin oil (GB) groups. The percentage of new bone formation at the defect area was 34.71% ± 4.11% in the graft, 55.37% ± 4.89% in the graft + rifamycin, and 45.75% ± 3.69% in the graft + black cumin oil groups. In terms of new bone formation and bone-to-implant contact, graft + rifamycin and graft + black cumin oil groups were significantly different from the graft group. The differences between the graft + rifamycin and graft + black cumin oil groups were also statistically significant. Conclusions: Allograft + rifamycin and orogastric black cumin oil were found to have positive effects on bone healing at sites with coronal defects. Rifamycin showed significantly greater favorable effects on bone-to-implant contact and new bone formation compared to black cumin oil. © 2020. All rights reserved.Öğe Acrylamide-Sepiolite Based Composite Hydrogels for Immobilization of Invertase(WILEY, 2009) Oztop, H. Nursevin; Hepokur, Ceylan; Saraydin, DursunNovel composite hydrogels, poly(acrylamide)-sepiolite (PAS), poly(acrylamide/acrylic acid)-sepiolite (PAAS), and poly(acrylamide/itaconic acid)-sepiolite (PAIS) were prepared and used for the immobilization of invertase. The parameters of equilibrium swelling, diffusional exponent, and diffusion coefficient of these hydrogels were calculated from swelling experiments. Invertase was immobilized onto PAS, PAAS, and PAIS and immobilized invertases (PASI, PAASI, and PAISI) were prepared. Optimum pH values for free invertase, PASI, PAASI, and PAISI are found to be 5, 5.5, 4.5, and 6, respectively, and the optimum temperatures were 30, 50, 50, and 35 degrees C for free invertase PASI, PAASI, and PAISI. It was found that K-m values of free invertase, PASI, PAASI, and PAISI were 11.3, 41.0, 94.5, and 56.0 mM, respectively. V-max values were 2 mu mol/min for free invertase, 8.10 mu mol/min for PASI, 1.30 mu mol/min for PAASI, and 0.42 mu mol/min for PAISI, respectively. The invertase immobilized hydrogels showed excellent, temperature, storage, and operational stability.Öğe An Investigation of Anticancer Effects of Doxorubicin and Calcitriol Combination on MCF-7 Cells(İstanbul Üniversitesi, 2018) Bildiren, Özge; Cevatemre, Buse; Ay, Ebru Nur; Özen, Güneş; Hepokur, Ceylan; Erkısa, Merve; Küçükhüseyin, ÖzlemDOI: 10.26650/experimed.2018.18001Objectives: This study aimed to identify a substance that both increases the efficiency and decreases the dose of doxorubicin. Doxorubicin has considerable cardiac side effects at certain doses when used treating breast cancer. Calcitriol, one of the vitamin D analogs considered to have antiproliferative effects, was selected, and its cytotoxic effects on the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 were investigated in combination with doxorubicin. Materials and Methods: MCF-7 cell line was treated with calcitriol in real time for 72 h in x-CELLigence. The antiproliferative optimal dose of calcitriol was determined by time-dependent cell index graph plotted using The xCELLigence Real-Time Cell Analysis (RTCA) software program. The combination of different doses of doxorubicin and this optimal dose of calcitriol was used to treat the MCF-7 cell line. Then, Sulforhodamine-B (SRB) assay was conducted, and spectrophotometric measurements were performed for cytotoxicity assay. The results of these spectrophotometric measurements were analyzed by Student’s -test. Results: The optimal antiproliferative calcitriol dose detection of MCF-7 cells was performed using the time-dependent cell index graph RTCA software program. Spectrophotometric measurements obtained using the protein-staining sulforodamine B (SRB) assay for cytotoxicity determination were statistically evaluated by the Student’s t-test using the GraphPad Prism program. The optimal dose of calcitriol was determined to be 250 nM. Different doses of doxorubicin (1.84-0.92 µM), calcitriol (250 nM), and calcitriol without the MCF-7 cell line were then used for detecting the cytotoxic effect. The combination of 0.46 µM doxorubicin and the optimal dose of calcitriol was found to be cytotoxic compared with other doses (p=0.0087); however, it was not as effective as the dose reduction obtained when using doxorubicin. Conclusion: The combined use of doxorubicin with calcitriol was found to have no significant effect in reducing the doses presently being used. Hence, it is too early to state that a combination of vitamin D and doxorubicin in breast cancer treatment will not have any beneficial effects. Other vitamin D analogs might be potential candidates for breast cancer treatment in further studies.Öğe Anti-adhesive effect of naturally obtained dicalcium phosphate dihydrate nanoparticles in the rat uterine wound model(2023) Kurt, Begüm; Öksüz, Kerim Emre; İnan, Z. Deniz Şahin; Hepokur, CeylanObjective: In this study, we aimed to compare the anti-adhesive effects of contractubex and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) particles in rats treated with the uterine horn adhesion model. Materials and methods: Newly adult, 60 Wistar albino rats were used as experimental animals. The modified rat uterine horn adhesion model was used to induce intra-abdominal adhesion. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 were studied for biochemical and immunohistochemical examination. Results: TNF-α decreased in each group, while it decreased more in G2 and G3 than in G1. IL-1β decreased in each group, while it decreased the most in G3. TGF-β1 and VEGF localization was less in the G2 compared to G1, the least TGF-β1 and VEGF immunolocalization was detected in the G3 and G4. For both antibodies, the least localization among all groups belonged to G3. From day 7 to day 21, the highest TGF-β1 immunolocalization was observed in G1, lesser localization in G2 and lowest in G3. Conclusion: DCPD nanoparticles show promise as a clinical antiadhesive agent and should be further evaluated in experimental animal models and human trials.Öğe Anti-adhesive effect of naturally obtained dicalcium phosphate dihydrate nanoparticles in the rat uterine wound model(Permanyer Publications, 2023) Kurt, Begum; Oksuz, Kerim E.; Sahin-Inan, Zeynep D.; Hepokur, CeylanObjective: In this study, we aimed to compare the anti-adhesive effects of contractubex and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) particles in rats treated with the uterine horn adhesion model. Materials and methods: Newly adult, 60 Wistar albino rats were used as experimental animals. The modified rat uterine horn adhesion model was used to induce intra-abdominal adhesion. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-?, interleukin (IL)-1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-?1 were studied for biochemical and immunohistochemical examination. Results: TNF-? decreased in each group, while it decreased more in G2 and G3 than in G1. IL-1? decreased in each group, while it decreased the most in G3. TGF-?1 and VEGF localization was less in the G2 compared to G1, the least TGF-?1 and VEGF immunolocalization was detected in the G3 and G4. For both antibodies, the least localization among all groups belonged to G3. From day 7 to day 21, the highest TGF-?1 immunolocalization was observed in G1, lesser localization in G2 and lowest in G3. Conclusion: DCPD nanoparticles show promise as a clinical antiadhesive agent and should be further evaluated in experimental animal models and human trials. © 2023 Academia Mexicana de Cirugía.Öğe Anti-biofilm and antimicrobial activity of Mentha pulegium L essential oil against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(PHARMACOTHERAPY GROUP, 2016) Tutar, Ugur; Celik, Cem; Karaman, Isa; Atas, Mehmet; Hepokur, CeylanPurpose: To investigate the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities of essential oil from Mentha pulegieum L. (EOMP) on multi-drug resistant (MDR) isolates of A. baumannii, as well as its phytochemical composition, antioxidant properties and cytotoxic activity. Methods: The phytochemical composition of EOMP was analyzed by gas chromatography, while its antimicrobial activities were determined by disc diffusion and broth micro-dilution methods. Minimal biofilm inhibition concentration (MBIC) and minimal biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) tests were used for assessment of its anti-biofilm properties. Viability in the biofilm was studied using 2,3-bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) assay, while colorimetric assay was used to assess its cytotoxicity on L929 cells Results: D-isomenthone, pulegone, isopulegone, menthol and piperitenone were the major components of the plant extract. EOMP produced > 22 mm inhibition zone for the isolates, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and MBIC of 0.6 -2.5 and 0.6 -1.25 mu L/mL, respectively, while MBEC was >= 10 mu L/msL. EOMP damaged biofilm structures formed by A. baumannii strains at MIC by 26 - 91 %. Conclusion: These results suggest that EOMP contains agents that may be useful in the development of new drugs against A. baumannii infections.Öğe Anticancer Effects of Urtica Dioica in Breast Cancer(Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention, 2022) Karakol, Percin; Saraydin, Serpil Unver; Bozkurt, Mehmet; Hepokur, Ceylan; Inan, Zeynep Deniz Sahin; Turan, MustafaObjective: The goal of this study is to look into the antiproliferative capabilities of Urtica Dioica (UD) on breast cancer. Methods: The cytotoxicity of UD extracts against breast cancer cell lines was investigated. Flow cytometry analyses were used to investigate in vitro apoptosis of breast cancer cells using Annexin V labeling. In vivo tests also performed. Results: UD showed cytotoxicity to three cancer cell lines. The number of Annexin-positive cells was higher in UD-treated cell lines than in untreated control cells. When compared to the untreated control group, the rats treated with UD had greater expressions of caspase 3, p53 protein, and TUNEL positive cells. When compared to the control group, Ki-67 expression was reduced in the treatment groups. In vivo tests revealed that, when compared to untreated rats, the mean tumor volume inhibition ratio in the UD group was 38 percent. Conclusion: These findings suggest that Urtica Dioica may have antitumoral properties in the treatment of breast cancer. © 2022, Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention. All rights reserved.Öğe Antimicrobial Efficacy of Chlorhexidine and Licorice Mouthwashes in Children(GALENOS YAYINCILIK, 2019) Oznurhan, Fatih; Buldur, Burak; Carti, Ozgul; Tutar, Ugur; Celik, Cem; Hepokur, CeylanObjective: The aim of this in vivo study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a simple herbal caries-prevention protocol for reducing salivary Streptococcus mutans levels in children. Materials and Methods: A total of 90 individuals were recruited randomly divided into three groups (n=30). Mouthwashes including chlorhexidine CHX), licorice and saline were used as tested antimicrobial agents, and saliva samples were collected before rinsing, at the end of 5 min T1) and 60 min T2) following rinsing, and the differences were calculated within 5-60 min T3). Plaques were evaluated following incubation, and counts of the growing colonies were performed in colony forming units CFU)/mL. Decreases in CFU were calculated in ratio for statistical analysis. Data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U, Friedman and Wilcoxon signed rank tests by Bonferroni correction, using a 0.05 of significance level. Results: CHX caused significantly different decreases for T1 and T2 p<0.05), but, there were no significant differences between CHX and licorice for T3 p>0.05). Conclusion: Licorice might be a useful agent for dental procedures and further studies are needed to learn more about the dose of licorice, the ratio of glycyrrhizin and the duration of dental therapy.Öğe Antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects of Achillea filipendulina L. against colon cancer(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2024) Tunc, Tutku; Akin, Seyda; Aykac, Okan; Hepokur, Ceylan; Duran, Serap; Ozpinar, HulyaObjective: To investigate the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects of Achillea filipendulina. Methods: Phytochemical content was analyzed by GC-MS. Antioxidant activity was assayed by DPPH, total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, and iron reduction tests. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using the MIC assay. Anticancer activity was detected via MTT assay, followed by analysis of the apoptotic process using annexin V and caspase 3/7. miR-519d and Dvl-1 expression were assessed by RT-PCR, and molecular docking analysis was also performed. Results: The ethanol extract of Achillea filipendulina showed the strongest anticancer effect. A significant increase in miR-519d expression was observed in HT29 cells, while a decrease in Dvl-1 expression was noted. DPPH, FRAP, total antioxidant status, and total oxidant assays showed high antioxidant activity. The hexane and ethanol extracts were effective against Streptococcus mutans (MIC<50 g/mL), while the ethanol extract was effective against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans (MIC<50 g/mL). Molecular docking studies also confirmed that ethanol extracts could act on the Wnt pathway. GC-MS analysis showed high level of eucalyptol and borneol content in the extract. Conclusions: Ethanol extract of Achillea filipendulina has anticancer effect and can be used in colon cancer treatments.Öğe Assessment of oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress markers in women with uterine myomas(Mre Press, 2024) Yildirim, Ebrar Buesra; Misir, Sema; Yaman, Serap Ozer; Caner, Armagan; Yildiz, Caglar; Hepokur, CeylanThe most frequent benign gynecological tumor in women who are fertile, uterine myoma significantly lowers quality of life. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and oxidative stress (OS) play a role in the development of numerous disease states, including gynecological disorders. In order to determine the ERS and OS levels activated in women with uterine myoma, we sought to measure Total Oxidant Status (TOS) level, Glucose regulatory protein 78 (GRP78), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) expression, and protein levels. A total of 40 women with uterine myomas and 40 healthy women were included in the study. Serum levels of TOS, GRP78, CHOP, and protein levels were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) performed the mRNA levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated molecules GRP78 and CHOP. The TOS levels, GRP78 and CHOP protein levels were significantly higher in women with myomas than in the controls, with values of p = 0.009, p = 0.001, and p = 0.0001, respectively. GRP78 and CHOP expression increased in women with myomas and were significantly higher than the control group used (p p < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that GRP78 and CHOP are promising biomarkers for uterine myomas (area under the curve (AUC): 0.953, AUC: 0.969, p < 0.001, respectively). Oxidative and ERS may play a vital role in the pathophysiology of the disease due to the increased levels of oxidative and ERS markers in women with uterine myomas.Öğe Assessment of toxicity and oxidative DNA damage of sodium hypochlorite, chitosan and propolis on fibroblast cells(SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE PESQUISA ODONTOLOGICA, 2018) Ugur Aydin, Zeliha; Akpinar, Kerem Engin; Hepokur, Ceylan; Erdonmez, DemetThe objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity on human fibroblast cell lines of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), chitosan and propolis as root canal irrigating solutions. Human fibroblast cells were exposed to chitosan, propolis and NaOCl for 4 and 24 h. Cell viability was assessed by 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide, and oxidative DNA damage was assessed by determination of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) level with an ELISA kit. The data of cell cytotoxicity were analysed statistically using a test of one-way analysis of variance at a significance level of p < 0.05. In the NaOCI group, the 8-OHdG level was higher than in the chitosan group, but there was no statistical difference when compared with the other groups (p < 0.05). It was determined that the irrigation solutions were cytotoxic, depending on the dose and time. NaOCl was the most toxic solution after both 4and 24 h of exposure (p < 0.05). Chitosan and propolis may be alternatives to NaOCl for irrigation solutions, because they are both less toxic and produce less oxidative DNA damage.Öğe Association of Neopterin and Wound Healing Process(Istanbul University Press, 2019) Hepokur, Ceylan; Mısır, Sema; Hepokur, Ali İhsan; Yaylım, İlhanHuman monocytes/macrophages produce neopterin when stim-ulated by the cytokine interferon-?. The concentration of neopter-in in body fluids such as serum, cerebrospinal fluid and urine can be measured and increased concentrations of neopterin provides information about infections states. Nowadays, neopterin is as a marker in neurological and cardiovascular diseases during cellular immune activation. © 2019, Istanbul University Press. All rights reserved.Öğe Bazı model biyomoleküller için moleküler baskılanmış polimerlerin sentezi(Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi, 2012) Hepokur, Ceylan; Öztop,Bu çalışmada, serotonin ve bir safra asiti olan kolik asiti yüksek seçicilikte tanıyabilecek moleküler baskılı polimerler sentezlendi. Moleküler baskılanmış polimerlerin hazırlanması için akrilamit, metakrilik asit ve metakrilamit monomer olarak seçildi. Fonksiyonel monomerler etilen glikol dimetakrilat, 1,4 bütandiolakrilat ve trimetilpropan triakrilat çapraz bağlayıcıları ve hedef molekül ile polimerleştirildi (MIP-EGDMA, MIP-BÜT ve MIP TMT). Moleküler baskılı polimerlerden uygun yöntemle hedef molekül uzaklaştırıldı. Hedef molekül kullanılamadan NIP polimerlerde sentezlendi (NIP-EGDMA, NIP-BÜT ve NIP-TMT). Sentezlenen polimerlerin karakterizasyon çalışmaları için FTIR, DSC, TGA, SEM analizleri yapıldı. Hazırlanan polimerlere hedef türün adsorpsiyonunu etkileyecek olan sıcaklık, pH, derişim etkileri incelendi. MIP'ler için seçicilik ve tekrar kullanılabilirlik araştırıldı.Serotonin için hazırlanan MIP ve NIP'lerin adsorpsiyon çalışmaları tüm çözücüler için MIP'lerin NIP'lere göre daha iyi adsorplayıcı olduğu göstermiştir. Adsorpsiyonda sıralama MIP-TMT > MIP-BÜT > MIP-EGDMA şeklindedir. En yüksek adsorpsiyon ve en yüksek MIP/NIP farkı gösteren çözücü ise pH 7.4 fosfat tamponudur. Hazırlanan tüm MIP ve NIP örneklerinin serotonin adsorpsiyonu pH arttıkça artmış sıcaklıkla değişmemiştir. Adsorpsiyona derişim etkisi incelendiğinde serotonin adsorpsiyonunun Giles adsorpsiyon izotermleri sınıflandırmasına göre L tipi olduğu bulunmuştur. Adsorpsiyonda bulunan termodinamik parametreler adsorpsiyonun fiziksel adsorpsiyon olduğunu göstermiştir. Serotonin yapısına benzer türler olan adrenalin ve homovanilik asit ile yapılan denemeler MIP örneklerinin serotonin için oldukça seçici olduğunu göstermiştir.Kolik asit için hazırlanan MIP ve NIP'lerin adsorpsiyon çalışmaları tüm çözücüler için MIP'lerin NIP'lere göre daha iyi adsorplayıcı olduğu göstermiştir. Adsorpsiyonda sıralama MIP-TMT > MIP-BÜT > MIP-EGDMA şeklindedir. En yüksek adsorpsiyon etil alkol çözeltisindendir. Hazırlanan tüm MIP ve NIP örneklerinin kolik asit adsorpsiyonu pH ile değişmektedir. Sıcaklığın kolik asit adsorpsiyonuna bir etkisinin olmadığı bulunmuştur. Adsorpsiyona derişim etkisi incelendiğinde kolik asit adsorpsiyonunun Giles adsorpsiyon izotermleri sınıflandırmasına göre L tipi olduğu bulunmuştur. Adsorpsiyonda bulunan termodinamik parametreler adsorpsiyonun fiziksel adsorpsiyon olduğunu göstermiştir. Kolik asit yapısına benzer türler olan deoksikolik asit ve taurokolik asit ile yapılan denemeler MIP örneklerinin kolik asit için oldukça seçici olduğunu göstermiştir.Öğe Bioactive Composition, Antioxidant, And Cytotoxic Activities of Rheum Ribes Extracts(2023) Mısır, Sema; Özbek, Mahmut; Hepokur, CeylanThe aim of the study is to evaluate the ethanol extract of Rheum ribes root (RTE), as well as the root and young shoots (RYSE), for its chemical composition, antioxidant properties and cytotoxic effects. Total polyphenols (TPC), total flavonoid (TFC), radical scavenging activity (DPPH), the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of Rheum ribes extracts were determined using colorimetric methods. M ineral contents and vitamin values of samples were determined by ICP-M S and HPLC, respectively. The cytotoxic effect of Rheum ribes extracts was determined on different cells using XTT assay. The cytotoxic effects of RTE and RYSE on cancer cells were evaluated with regard to apoptosis. According to results, mineral contents, vitamine A and C values were very high in both samples. Ethanolic extracts of Rheum ribes young shoot exhibited a selective cytotoxic effect on all cancer cells compared to WI-38 cells, and the IC50 values of the extract in the cancer cells between 26.10 to 54.81 ?g/mL. Ethanolic extracts of RTE and RYSE induced apoptosis on M CF-7 cells. The ethanolic extracts of Rheum ribes has effective cytotoxic and antioxidant activity. M ore research is needed to determine the cytotoxic effect mechanisms on cancer cells.Öğe Biomarker potentials of miRNA-associated circRNAs in breast cancer (MCF-7) cells: an in vitro and in silico study(Springer, 2021) Misir, Sema; Hepokur, Ceylan; Aliyazicioglu, Yuksel; Enguita, Francisco J.Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, which is the most common malignancy in women. The incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer indicate that it is the leading cause of cancer-related with deaths. circRNAs operate as part of competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) mechanisms, which play critical roles in the different biological processes of breast cancer such as proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. The goal of the present study is to identify the potential predictive biomarker for breast cancer diagnosis in the circRNA network by in vitro and in silico analyzes. 40 miRNAs were obtained from the miRWalk database and their combinatorial target genes (potential ceRNAs) were identified with ComiR. We stated that the cancer-specific circRNA genes in MCF-7 cells using the cancer-specific circRNA (CSDC) database, and obtained the ones showing potential ceRNA activity in our previous analysis among them. Identified genes with remarkable expression differences between BCa and normal breast tissue were determined by the GEPIA database. Moreover, the Spearman correlation test in the GEPIA database was used for the statistical analysis of the relationship between DCAF7 and SOGA1, SOGA1 and AVL 9, DCAF7 and AVL 9 gene pairs. And also, DCAF7, SOGA1, and AVL9 gene expression levels were detected in MCF-7 and MCF-10A cells by RT-qPCR method. DCAF7, SOGA1, and AVL9 gene were significantly more expressed to BCa tissue and MCF-7 cells than normal breast tissue and MCF-10 A cells. And also, DCAF7 and SOGA1, SOGA1 and AVL9, DCAF7 and AVL9 genes pairs were found to be significantly correlated with BCa. These genes may be considered as potential predictive biomarkers to discriminate BCa patients from healthy persons. Our preliminary results can supply a new perspective for in vitro and vivo studies in the future.Öğe Circular RNAs serve as miRNA sponges in breast cancer(Springer Japan Kk, 2020) Misir, Sema; Hepokur, Ceylan; Aliyazicioglu, Yuksel; Enguita, Francisco J.Circular RNAs are a large group of non-coding RNAs with a closed-loop structure. circRNAs play significant roles in many biological processes as miRNA sponges, regulators for gene transcription, combining with RNA-binding proteins and translation of protein. Nowadays, circRNAs have become a research hotspot in the field of cancer and molecular biology. Accumulating evidences have indicated that circRNAs participate in the initiation and development of various cancers such as breast cancer. Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, which is the most common malignancy in women. The incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer indicate that it is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The goal of the present review is to introduce biogenesis, function characteristics and types of circRNAs, and also their biological functions on breast cancer, especially as miRNA sponges. Additionally, we discuss their use as a new therapeutic target for the treatment of breast cancer.Öğe Copper(II) complexes with N,O-donor azo-Schiff base ligands: Synthesis, structure, DFT studies, molecular docking, anticancer and antimicrobial activity(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2025) Kahraman, Sevgi; Hepokur, Ceylan; Erci, Fatih; Erkan, Sultan; Cetin, Seda; Kose, Muhammet; Kurtoglu, MukerremTwo Schiff base ligands containing 4-(fluoro or bromo)phenylazo group 2, 3 and their Cu(II) complexes 4 and 5 were prepared, and their structures were characterized by analytical, spectral and computational methods. The crystal structures of the ligands 2, 3 and their Cu(II) complexes 4 and 5 were determined by single crystal XRD studies. The XRD data revealed that both ligands 2 and 3 are in phenol-imine tautomeric state in the crystalline form. In the structures of Cu(II) complexes 4 and 5, each Cu(II) is four coordinated binding to NO (imine nitrogen and donor set of two azo-Schiff base ligands with approximately square plane geometry. The elemental analysis data reveal that the azo-Schiff base Cu(II) complexes have 1:2 (M: L) stoichiometry. The electronic absorption spectra and quantum chemical calculations suggest a distorted square planer geometry for the complexes. Antibacterial activities of the azo-Schiff bases and their Cu(II) complexes were screened against of Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. The antitumor activity of the has been investigated across different cancer cell lines, including human breast cancer (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231), human colon colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29), rat glioma (C6), human Gastric Adenocarcinoma (AGS) and cisplatin was used as the standard drug. The antiproliferative efficacy of compound 5 was assessed through flow cytometry and annexin-V analysis, while the metabolic pathway active in breast cancer cells was scrutinized to understand its mechanism of action. The cytotoxic effects of synthesized ligands and their Cu(II) complexes were evaluated on multiple cancer cell lines, revealing that Cu(II) complex 5 had the highest potency against MDAMB-231 cells with an IC50 value of 4.45 mu g/mL, demonstrating significant selectivity for cancer cells over healthy cells, and indicating its potential as an effective therapeutic agent in cancer treatment, particularly as it induced cell death while minimally affecting healthy cells. Furthermore, in silico studies were conducted to evaluate the antibacterial and anticancer properties of compounds 1-5. The findings revealed that compound 5 exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against S. aureus and B. cereus, as well as significant cytotoxic effects on breast cancer cells. All in all, two Schiff base ligands containing 4-(fluoro or bromo)phenylazo group 2, 3 and their Cu(II) complexes 4, 5 hold promise as prospective candidates for the development of novel anticancer drugs.Öğe Cytotoxic effect of azole compounds bearing trifluorophenyl ring on MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and HCT-116 cancer cell line(2022) Alagöz, Mehmet; Özdemir, Zeynep; Karakurt, Arzu; Hepokur, CeylanCancer, a disease defined by rapid proliferation of cells, still remains one of the most feared diseases of the modern world. Many structurally different anti-carcinogenic drugs are used in several tumor types such as bladder, colon, ovary, breast, head and neck, testis, lung and prostate cancer. In this study, cytotoxic effects of the compounds with different linkers (ketone, oxime, alcohol, chlorine) between pyrazole and trifluoromethyl on MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma), MDA-MB-231 (human breast adenocarcinoma), and HCT-116 (human colon cancer) cell lines were investigated. Compound a1 was observed to be the most potent compound with IC50 values of 5.84±0.76, 5.01±0.32, 5.57±0.02 µg.ml-1 against these cell lines, respectively. It was found that all compounds were very effective against all the tested cancer cell lines.Öğe Cytotoxic, Antioxidant, Antibiofilm, and Antimicrobial Activities of Mushroom Species from Turkey(HAZİRAN 2023) DİNÇER, EMİNE; IŞIK, HAKAN; Hepokur, Ceylan; TUTAR, UĞUR; Çelik, CemABSTRACT: Mushrooms, which have been collected to meet the nutritional needs of the world for many years, have gained medical importance thanks to the bioactive compounds they produce. Thanks to studies carried out to determine mushroom diversity, the number of species identified is increasing year by year. Accordingly, in recent years, studies conducted to determine the biological activities of metabolites produced by fungi have been increasing. The present study was conducted to determine the cytotoxic, antioxidant, antibiofilm and antimicrobial activities of the seven different mushroom species (Craterellus cornucopioides, Hymenopellis radicata, Lepista nuda, Pisolithus arhizus, Ramaria flava, Schizophyllum commune, and Tricholoma ustale) collected from Tokat and Yozgat regions located in northern and central Turkey. Laboratory studies have demonstrated that mushrooms used in this study have different degrees of antibiofilm, antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. At the end of the study, it is determined that C. cornucopioides and L. nuda species have the highest antimicrobial activity. In addition, mushroom species have biofilm inhibitory effects on indicator microorganisms at varying degrees ranging between 20.7 and 96.3%. As a result of antioxidant activity studies, it was determined that T. ustale has the highest free radical scavenging effect and P. arhizus, which has the highest polyphenol content, has the highest reducing power. Finally, it is determined that, among the mushrooms used in the present study, H. radicata showed higher selectivity on the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line than on the normal cell line tested, while C. cornucopioides showed higher selectivity on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line.
