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    Geology and Fluid Inclusion Characteristics of the Akguney (Kabaduz-Ordu) Copper-Lead-Zinc Deposits
    (Tmmob Jeoloji Muhendisleri Odasi, 2007) Unal, Esra; Gokce, Ahmet
    The Akguney copper lead zinc deposit is one of the widely occuring and workable deposits in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. This deposit consists of ore veins found along the fault zones hosted by hardly altered Upper Cretaceaous andesitic rocks. Seven ore veins have been identified and numbered as D-1, D-2, D-3, D-4, D-5, D-6 and D-7. These ore veins, excluding D-7, have strikes and dips of N 70-80 degrees W, 50-60 degrees NE, while the last one has a dip of E-W, 25 degrees S. The ore veins are cropt out as hardly limonitezed and hematitized quartz veins. Two different ore types were distinguished within the D-1 and D-2 veins which are being mined in the adits. The first one consists of quartz and fine grained pyrite, while the second one consists of quartz, calcite and coarse grained sulfide minerals such as chalcopyrite, galena, sphalerite, fahlor and secondary limonite veinlets in addition to pyrite. The succession of these minerals have been identified as: pyrite galena chalcopyrite-I sphalerite chakopyrite-II (+/- fahlor)-quartz-calcite. Fluid inclusion data indicate that the ore forming fluids contain CaCl2, MgCl2, NaCl and possibly KCl as salts, the salinity of the fluids is in the range of 24.34 to 13.94 (avr = 19.0) % NaCl equivalent, and the temperature of the fluids is in the range of 349.0 to 276.0 degrees C (avr 307.0 degrees C) during the crystallization of the quartz, going down to 211.0 degrees C through the later stages of mineralization.
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    Microthermometric and O- and H-isotope characteristics of the mineralizing fluid in the Akguney copper-lead-zinc deposit, NE Turkey
    (TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2009) Unal, Esra; Gokce, Ahmet; Harris, Chris
    The Akguney copper-lead-zinc deposit (Ordu Province) is actively mined in the eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. This deposit consists of ore-bearing veins emplaced along fault zones and hosted by slightly altered Upper Cretaceous andesites. Seven ore veins, D-1 to D-7, have been identified. These veins strike N 70-80W with a dip of 50-60NE, except for D7 which strikes E-W with a dip of 25S. The ore-bearing quartz vein outcrops are slightly limonitized and hematitized. Two different ore associations are distinguished within the D-1 and D-2 veins. The first contains only pyrite, whereas the second consists of coarse-grained sulphides such as chalcopyrite, galena, sphalerite, tetrahedrite, and secondary limonite veinlets in addition to pyrite. Quartz and calcite are the gangue minerals. The mineral paragenesis has been identified as: pyritegalenachalcopyrite (I)sphaleritechalcopyrite (II)(tetrahedrite ?)quartzcalcite. Fluid inclusion data indicate that the ore-forming fluids contained significant concentrations of divalent cations in addition to NaCl. The salinity of the fluids lies in the range 14-24% (ave.=19.0) NaCl equivalent; liquid homogenization temperatures range from 276 to 349C (ave.=307C) and decrease to 211C through the later stages of mineralization. Oxygen and hydrogen isotope data are consistent with the mineralizing fluid being of meteoric origin, with modification of the oxygen isotope composition by exchange with the volcanic host rocks. However, low D values suggest a magmatic water component in some samples. The combination of fluid inclusion and stable isotope data suggest that the Akguney Cu-Pb-Zn vein-type deposits were formed by the leaching of metals and sulphur from the surrounding volcano-sedimentary rocks by deep-circulating meteoric water.