Geology and Fluid Inclusion Characteristics of the Akguney (Kabaduz-Ordu) Copper-Lead-Zinc Deposits

The Akguney copper lead zinc deposit is one of the widely occuring and workable deposits in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. This deposit consists of ore veins found along the fault zones hosted by hardly altered Upper Cretaceaous andesitic rocks. Seven ore veins have been identified and numbered as D-1, D-2, D-3, D-4, D-5, D-6 and D-7. These ore veins, excluding D-7, have strikes and dips of N 70-80 degrees W, 50-60 degrees NE, while the last one has a dip of E-W, 25 degrees S. The ore veins are cropt out as hardly limonitezed and hematitized quartz veins. Two different ore types were distinguished within the D-1 and D-2 veins which are being mined in the adits. The first one consists of quartz and fine grained pyrite, while the second one consists of quartz, calcite and coarse grained sulfide minerals such as chalcopyrite, galena, sphalerite, fahlor and secondary limonite veinlets in addition to pyrite. The succession of these minerals have been identified as: pyrite galena chalcopyrite-I sphalerite chakopyrite-II (+/- fahlor)-quartz-calcite. Fluid inclusion data indicate that the ore forming fluids contain CaCl2, MgCl2, NaCl and possibly KCl as salts, the salinity of the fluids is in the range of 24.34 to 13.94 (avr = 19.0) % NaCl equivalent, and the temperature of the fluids is in the range of 349.0 to 276.0 degrees C (avr 307.0 degrees C) during the crystallization of the quartz, going down to 211.0 degrees C through the later stages of mineralization.