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Öğe Antiinflammatory and antioxidant activities of different hemostatics and pulp capping materials applied on rat teeth Biochemical effects of direct pulp capping with different hemostatics(Bayrakol Medical Publisher, 2021) Saygin, Aysegul Goze; Unal, Murat; Ercan, Nazli; Demir, PinarAim: This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of different hemostatic agents and pulp capping materials. Material and Methods: Ninety-six Wistar albino mate rats were divided into the following groups: Sterile Saline (SS), Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl), Mecsina Hemostopper (MIAS). Occlusal cavities were prepared in the first molar teeth. Hemostatic agents were used to control bleeding and different pulp capping materials were applied on the exposed pulp area. Subgroups were created according to pulp capping materials (Dycal, Biodentine Theracal, MTA RepairHP). Half of the groups were left to wait for sacrifice on the 7th day and the others on the 28th day. Cardiac blood was taken to determine of antiinflammatory and antioxidant serum markers. Results: The use of different hemostatic agents in terms of antioxidant (CAT, GPX) and anti-inflammatory (IL1-beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6) activity was statistically significant (p <0.05). There was no statistical significance between groups for SOD (p> 0.05). IL-6 was significantly higher on the 7th day than on the 28th day (p <0.05). The and-inflammatory activity reduced from the 7th to the 28th day, in contrast, antioxidant activity induced. Discussion: The inflammation process was related to the hemostatic agents and the capping materials used in DPC treatment. MHS may be an alternative for DPC treatment for bleeding control.Öğe Biocompatibility of different resin composites after polymerization with two light curing units: an immunohistochemical study(Istanbul Univ Press, Istanbul Univ Rectorate, 2023) Ipek, Irem; Unal, Murat; Koc, TulayPurpose The aim of this study is to compare the biocompatibility of two different resin composites after polymerization under two different light sources in three different time periods. Materials and Methods 72 polyethylene tubes polymerized with 2 different resin composites and 2 different light sources (Elipar S10 and Valo ) [Group 1: Kalore Elipar S10 (KE), Group 2: Kalore Valo (KV), Group 3: Essentia Elipar S10 (EE), Group 4: Essentia Valo (EV)] were implanted in the dorsal connective tissue of 18 rats. 24 empty polyethylene tubes [Group 5: (Control group)] were implanted in the dorsal connective tissue of 6 rats. Then, the rats were sacrificed after 7th, 15th and 30th days in each time intervals (n=8). Biopsy samples were stained with H&E and examined for inflammation, necrosis, macrophage infiltrate, giant cell and fibrous capsule criteria. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to evaluate proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1 beta, IL-6 and IL-8). Results When the composite groups and the control groups were compared; there was difference statistically significant for the criteria of inflammation at 7th and 15th days, there was no statistical difference between the time points in terms of fibrous capsule and necrosis. When the composite groups and control groups were evaluated in terms of proinflammatory cytokines; statistically significant differences were found at 7th, 15th and 30th days. Conclusion All CRs used in this study showed acceptable biocompatibility in the subcutaneous tissues of rats after polymerization with different light sources.Öğe Clinical evaluation of apex locator and radiography in primary teeth(WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2015) Oznurhan, Fatih; Unal, Murat; Kapdan, Arife; Ozturk, Ceren; Aksoy, SerkanAimThe aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of electronic apex locater and radiographic determination of root canal length in primary teeth. MethodologyA total of 32 human primary molar teeth (96 roots) were selected. After endodontic access preparation, root canals were irrigated with physiological saline solution. The access cavities were dried with cotton pellets and, the roots were dried with paper points before performing the electronic measurement. The root canal length measurements were first taken with an apex locater (EndoMaster), and then, a size 15K-file was inserted into the root canal, and radiography was taken to determine the working length measurements. The measurement data were recorded and compared by one-way anova and Kruskal-Wallis tests. P<0.05 was accepted for the significance. ResultsThe mean values for radiography were 13.231.92mm and for EndoMaster were 13.08 +/- 1.77mm. The accuracy of EndoMaster was 80.2% in correct measurements +/- 1mm (P<0.001). ConclusionThe electronic apex locators could be useful in determining working length and thereby decreasing the need for radiographs and exposure to ionizing radiation in pediatric dental patients.Öğe Comparison of microtensile bond strength and resin-dentin interfaces of two self-adhesive flowable composite resins by using different universal adhesives: Scanning electron microscope study(WILEY, 2019) Cengiz, Tuba; Unal, MuratThe aim of this in-vitro study was to evaluate microtensile bond strength (mu TBS) of two different self-adhesive composites (SACs) on the permanent dentin by applying five different universal adhesive systems. In this study, two different SACs [Vertise Flow (VF), Fusio Liquid Dentin (FLD)] and five different bonding systems [Clearfil Universal Bond Quick (CUB), Single Bond Universal (SBU), All Bond Universal (ABU), Prime Bond Universal (PBU), Futurabond U (FBU)] were used. A total of 22 groups were created in which SACs were applied without adhesive and with five different universal bonding agents in total-etch (TE) and self-etch (SE) modes. Two hundred and forty test sticks were obtained using 48 healthy human molar teeth in total with groups having 10 samples each. The mu TBS test was applied to each sample in the Universal test device and the data obtained were analyzed statistically by variance analysis and Tukey HSD test. In addition, the resin-dentin interface and fractures modes in the groups were examined by SEM. Upon examining the mu TBS results, the highest values were seen in the use of SBU adhesive in TE mode in VF group, while the lowest values were seen in the FLD control group. The difference between the control and experimental groups was found statistically significant (p < .05). Upon comparing the control groups with each other, it was seen that VF group had higher mu TBS values than FLD group and the difference between the groups was found statistically significant (p < .05). The mu TBS results and SEM images of the study showed that the use of SACs with universal adhesive systems provides a more effective bond strength.Öğe Comparison of push-out bond strength and apical microleakage of different calcium silicate-based cements after using EDTA, chitosan and phytic acid irrigations(Wiley, 2024) Sahin, Tutku Kocak; Unal, MuratThis research was aimed to evaluate push-out bond strength and apical-microleakage after application of three different calcium silicate-based cements with irrigation solutions on simulated immature teeth. 40 maxillary permanent canine teeth were used for push-out bond strength test, and 120 maxillary permanent incisors were used for microleakage evaluation. 120 root slices were divided into four main groups (EDTA, Chitosan, Phytic acid, and Saline) and immersed these solutiouns according to irrigation procedures. Each irrigation group was divided into 3 subgroups (Biodentine, MTA Repair HP, and NeoPUTTY). The prepared teeth were divided into four groups according to irrigation procedure for microleakage test. EDTA irrigation with Biodentine group showed highest push-out bond strength value and saline group with Neoputty showed the lowest push-out bond strength value. The highest microleakage value was seen in saline group with MTA Repair HP, while the lowest microleakage value was observed chitosan with Biodentine group. Chitosan and phytic acid solutions can be recommended as an alternative irrigation solution to 17% EDTA in single-session apexification treatment, since they are non-toxic, naturally occurring materials, effectively remove the smear layer, and have a positive effect on bond strength and apical leakage.Öğe Diagnostic Performance of Different Methods in Detecting Incipient Non-Cavitated Occlusal Caries Lesions in Permanent Teeth(JOURNAL PEDODONTICS INC, 2019) Unal, Murat; Kockanat, Arzu; Guler, Seniha; Gulturk, EsraAim: This in vitro study was aimed to investigate the performance of the new caries detection tools on the incipient occlusal caries. Study design: In our study, 100 permanent molar teeth, which were considered to have incipient, enamel caries (D1 and D2 threshold values) according to ICDAS II score. After the visual examination, caries measurements have been applied to all teeth by using DIAGNOdent pen (DP), CarieScan PRO (CP) and SoproLife camera (SC). In addition, in vitro examinations were repeated 2 weeks later. After sectioning and evaluation in stereomicroscope, the lesion depth was determined with histological criteria that are accepted for the gold standard for this research. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and area under the ROC curve were calculated at D1 and D2 thresholds. The infra-examiners' reproducibility were analysed using Cohen 's kappa statistics and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: Infra-examiner repeatability values varied from 0.94 to 0.99 and kappa values ranged from 0.90 to 0.99. While the highest sensitivity and specificity value showed for SC at D1 and D2 thresholds, CP presented the lowest values. The area under ROC curves (Az) varied from 0.70 to 0.99. ICDAS II showed the highest area under ROC curves (Az). Conclusions: ICDAS II, visual diagnostic method by itself is considered to sufficient in order to diagnose incipient occlusal caries. SC may be used as an alternative method for the ICDASII, since its advantages by displaying caries lesion on the computer monitor, follow-up and motivation of the patients provided.Öğe Effect of acid etching and different Er:YAG laser procedures on microleakage of three different fissure sealants in primary teeth after aging(JAPANESE SOC DENTAL MATERIALS DEVICES, 2013) Unal, Murat; Hubbezoglu, Ihsan; Zan, Recai; Kapdan, Arife; Hurmuzlu, FeridunThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of different surface conditioning procedures on microleakage and unfilled area proportions of three fissure sealants(Aegis, Helioseal and Helioseal F) in primary molar teeth. One hundred and fifty teeth were randomly divided into five main groups according to surface conditioning procedures. Main groups were; acid-etching(Group A); laser 3.75 W(Group B) and 5 W(Group D); acid-etching combined with laser 3.75 W(Group C) and 5 W(Group E). Samples were aged by thermocycling and water bath. Afterwards, they were immersed in basic fuchsin solution for 24 h and bucco-lingual sections were obtained from each tooth. Digital images were taken using a stereo-microscope and the microleakage and unfilled area proportions were assessed by using a software system. Consequently, Aegis FS containing amorphous calcium phosphate was found to exhibit the lowest microleakage in all surface conditioning procedures. Unfilled areas were not detected in Groups C and E of all FSs.Öğe The effect of Er:YAG laser and different surface conditioning procedures on microtensile bond strength of the fissure sealant containing amorphous calcium phosphate after artificial aging(JAPANESE SOC DENTAL MATERIALS DEVICES, 2014) Unal, Murat; Hubbezoglu, Ihsan; Zan, Recai; Oznurhan, FatihThe present study aimed to compare post-aging microtensile values of fissure sealant(FS) containing amorphous calcium phosphate(ACP) with or without bonding after various enamel-etching methods. The buccal enamel surfaces of teeth were prepared and divided into five main group according to enamel etching (Group 1; acid-etching, Group 2; air-abrasion, Group 3; 2W, Group 4; 3W, and Group 5; 4W of Er:YAG laser). Each main group was subdivided as with(Subgroup B) or without(Subgroup A) a bonding system. We applied FS-containing ACP to etched enamel surfaces. All specimens were aged by Thermocycling and water bath. We then measured microtensile bond strengths and analyzed data with two-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests. We found a statistically significant difference between Group 1 and Group 2, between Subgroup B of Group 5 and Subgroups B of all other groups, and between Subgroups A and Subgroups B of all main groups (p<0.01). Er:YAG laser-etching may be an alternative enamel etching method to acid-etching for ACP-containing FS.Öğe The Evaluation of Color and Surface Roughness Changes in Resin based Restorative Materials with Different Contents After Waiting in Various Liquids: An SEM and AFM study(WILEY, 2018) Guler, Seniha; Unal, MuratThe aim of the study was to evaluate of surface roughness and color changes of the resin-based five restorative dental materials after aging in liquids at different pH values. Totally 250 specimens were prepared, including 50 specimens for the each material group from five different restorative materials (G1[Filtek Z550], G2[Beautifil II], G3[Vertise Flow], G4[Dyract XP], G5[GCFujiIILC]), using the 10-mm diameter and 2-mm thickness molds. A total of 50 specimens in the each group, were divided into five subgroups (n = 10) to be immerse into five liquids at different pH. After initial color and roughness measurements, samples were stored in the same liquids for 7 and 14 days and all of the measurements were repeated on the 7th and 14th days. scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy analyses were performed in the all groups. When the color change(Delta E) results are examined statistically; most of the Delta E is in Fuji II LC; and at least in Filtek Z550, it was determined that cola and gastric acid had the greatest effect on Delta E averages and showed significant differences (p < .05). When the average roughness values(Ra) are analyzed statistically, the highest values were found in Fuji II LC and the lowest values were found in Filtek Z550 (p < .05). The liquids which had the highest roughness average (Delta Ra) were statistically significant and gastric acid and orange juice were the most effective ones (p < .05). Asidic beverages significantly increased the surface roughness and discoloration of dental restorative materials. Research Highlights The results of this research showed that dental restorative materials, which are resin-based, affected both the color and surface roughness after waiting in the low pH value beverages. These results are supported with the scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy images in our research. Clinically, this situation will create esthetic and functional problems in the dental filling restorations. For this reason, the results of this study seem to be important and we think that this article could be contribute to the literature.Öğe Evaluation of temperature rises during the application of different power levels of potassium titanyl phosphate and neodymium-doped:yttrium aluminum garnet lasers to external primary root canals(ELSEVIER TAIWAN, 2016) Zan, Recai; Hubbezoglu, Ihsan; Unal, MuratBackground/purpose: Nowadays, laser systems play crucial roles in endodontic treatments. Therefore, these systems should be investigated in terms of parameters that may prevent periodontal tissues damages during laser irradiation. In this context, the purpose of this study was to evaluate temperature rises during the application of different power levels of potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) and neodymium-doped:yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers to external primary root canals. Materials and methods: Sixty primary mandibular molars were selected and chemomechanical preparation was performed. KTP laser treatment was applied to 30 of these 60 samples and the remaining 30 received Nd:YAG laser treatment. The teeth samples received laser application (KTP or Nd:YAG) at three different power levels (1 W, 1.5 W, and 2 W, respectively, applied to 10 samples from each group). Nine holes were drilled (1 mm in diameter) through the level of the coronal, middle, and apical third of each tooth canal to provide entry for a Type L thermocouple wire, which was used to measure temperature changes. Data were assessed with two-way analysis of variance and the Tukey test. Results: All power levels indicated statistically significant differences between Nd:YAG and KTP laser systems (P < 0.05). Moreover, the same regional (apical, middle, and coronal) comparisons performed between Nd:YAG and KTP laser systems showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Conclusion: All parameters of KTP laser indicated lower temperature rises than Nd:YAG laser. Therefore, KTP laser may be preferable to protect the periodontal tissues from harmful thermal effects during the endodontic treatment of primary root canals. Copyright (C) 2016, Association for Dental Sciences of the Republic of China. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC.Öğe Evaluation of the effectiveness of different hemostatics and bioactive materials on the success of vital pulp therapy(Bayrakol Medical Publisher, 2022) Saygin, Aysegul Goze; Unal, Murat; Candan, Merve; Demir, Pinar; Akinci, Levent; Goze, Omer FahrettinAim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of the pulp in combination of hemostatic agents with pulp capping materials (PCMs). Material and Methods: A total of 96 rats were used. Two molar teeth of each rat were included and all groups were created of 4 animals. In the occlusal cavities of the teeth, pulp perforations were performed for direct pulp capping. Thereafter, three different agents, which were forming the main groups [Group1: Sterile saline, Group2: Sodium hypochlorite, Group3 :Mecsina Hemostopper] at different periods of time used on pulp perforations and according to PCMs coated on the exposed pulp area, were divided into subgroups (Dycal, Biodentine, Theracal, and MTA Repair HP). Subsequently, all groups were left for two different waiting periods of 7 and 28 days. Half of the rats were sacrificed on the 7th and the remaining half were sacrificed on the 28th day, followed by micro-CT and histological analyzes. Results: When the results of the study were examined, a statistical difference was observed between groups in terms of dentine bridge (DB) formation on the 7th and 28th days, while there was no statistical difference between inflammatory cell response and DB quality. Micro-CT images showed no formation of DB on the 7th day, while DB formation was observed on the 28th day on specimens. Discussion: The combination of MHS and NaOCl may be preferable in order to provide pulp bleeding control in dental applications.Öğe In-vivo Biocompatibility Evaluation of Different Self-Adhering Composite Resins on Wister Rats(Technical Assoc Photopolymers,Japan, 2021) Saygin, Aysegul; Unal, Murat; Koc, Tulay; Ipek, Irem; Candan, MerveThis study aimed to compare the biocompatibility of two different self-adhering flowable resin composites (SAFCs). 54 polyethylene tubes filled with two different SAFCs [Group V: Vertise Flow (VF), Group F: Fusio Liquid Dentin (FLD), or Group C: empty (Control)] were implanted into the subcutaneous tissue of 18 rats. After 7, 30, and 90 days of implantation, the rats were euthanatized (n=6). The implanted materials were removed with the surrounding tissue for histologic evaluation. The subjects were evaluated in terms of inflammation, fibrous capsule thickness, necrosis, macrophage, and giant cell presence. When the SAFC groups and Group C were compared on days 7, 30, and 90, inflammation, fibrous capsule thickness, and macrophage on the 7th day were statistically significant (p<0.05). Statistically, the giant cell and macrophage criteria were statistically significant on the 7th, 30th, and 90th days in all groups (p<0.05). When the groups were evaluated on different days among themselves, significant differences were observed in terms of local tissue response (p<0.05), while necrosis was found to be statistically insignificant (p>0.05). Biocompatibility was found similar for the SAFCs. These materials used in the study have shown good biocompatibility in rats, and SAFCs can be considered suitable for all restorative treatments.Öğe Push-out bond strength of Biodentine, MTA repair HP, and a new pre-mixed NeoPutty bioactive cement: scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis(Springer, 2022) Ipek, Irem; Unal, Murat; Guner, Aylin; Candan, MerveThe aim of this research was to evaluate the push-out bond strengths (PBSs) of three different calcium silicate-based cements abbreviated as Group 1 (NeoPutty), Group 2 (Biodentine), and Group 3 (MTA Repair HP). 15 root slices of 1 +/- 0.1-mm thickness were obtained from the middle triad of the roots of 5 maxillary premolar teeth. In each slice, three canal-like cavities parallel to the root canal were created for the experimental groups (n = 15). After endodontic irrigation, Group 1: NeoPutty, Group 2: Biodentine, and Group 3: MTA Repair HP were placed to the cavities, randomly. After the PBS test, all samples were examined scanning electron microscope (SEM) to determine failure patterns. To evaluate the chemical composition of the materials, three samples, one from each group, were prepared. Samples were prepared using plexiglass molds of 10-mm diameter and 2-mm thickness. The materials were then examined by an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX, Inca, Oxford Inst.) for surface element analysis. The values obtained from tests were evaluated statistically significant (p < 0.05). After the PBS test, while there was no statistically significant difference between NeoPutty and MTA Repair HP, there was a difference with Biodentine. Based on the findings from this study, it was concluded that Biodentine has the highest PBS values.Öğe Temperature Rises During Application of Er:YAG Laser Under Different Primary Dentin Thicknesses(MARY ANN LIEBERT INC, 2013) Hubbezoglu, Ihsan; Unal, Murat; Zan, Recai; Hurmuzlu, FeridunObjective: The present study investigated the effects of the Er:YAG laser's different pulse repetition rates on temperature rise under various primary dentin thicknesses. Background data: The Er:YAG laser can be used for restorative approaches in clinics and is used to treat dental caries. There are some reports that explain the temperature rise effect of the Er:YAG laser. Recently, the Er:YAG laser has been found to play an important role in temperature rises during the application on dentin. Methods: Caries-free primary mandibular molars were prepared to obtain dentin discs with 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mm thicknesses (n = 10). These discs were placed between the Teflon mold cylinders of a temperature test apparatus. We preferred three pulse repetition rates of 10, 15, and 20 Hz with an energy density of 12.7 J/cm(2) and a 230 mu s pulse duration. All dentin discs were irradiated for 30 sec by the Er:YAG laser. Temperature rises were recorded using an L-type thermocouple and universal data loggers/scanners (E-680, Elimko Co., Turkey). Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey tests. Results: Whereas the lowest temperature rise (0.44 +/- 0.09 degrees C) was measured from a 10 Hz pulse repetition rate at a dentin thickness of 2 mm, the highest temperature rise (3.86 +/- 0.43 degrees C) was measured from a 20 Hz pulse repetition rate at a 0.5 mm dentin thickness. Conclusions: Temperature rise did not reach critical value for pulpal injury in any primary dentin thicknesses irradiated by a high repetition rate of the Er:YAG laser.Öğe The effect of various inhaled asthma medications on the color stability of paediatric dental restorative materials(Bmc, 2024) Candan, Merve; Unal, MuratBackground The purpose of the study is to analyse the effects of different inhaled asthma medications (IAMs) on the color change of dental restorative materials (DRMs).Methods In total, 192 samples were taken from six different DRMs: [Filtek Z550 (nanohybrid composite), Fusio Liquid Dentin (Self-adhering flowable composite), Filtek Ultimate (nanofilled flowable composite), Dyract XP (compomer), Fuji II LC (resin-modified glass ionomer), Fuji IX Fast (self-cured-packable glass ionomer), (n = 32)]. After the initial color values (CIELab) of DRMs were measured by using a spectrophotometer, each sample was exposed to the same IAMs via nebulizer according to the four different inhaled therapies and measurements were repeated on the 7th & 21st days.Results In all IAM groups, DRM with the least amount of Delta E was nanohybrid composite, while the highest Delta E was found in Fuji II LC. Among all experimental groups, only Fuji II LC which was administered the combined medication, exceeded the clinically unacceptable threshold (Delta E = 3.3) on 7th & 21st days.Conclusions Consequently, important factors affecting the susceptibility to color stability are the type of IAMs, the administration time-dosage, and the type of DRMs.
