Klinik Bilimler Bölümü Koleksiyonu

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12418/23064

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1. ULUSLARARASI DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ KONGRESİ : 23-25 KASIM 2021
(Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2021)
1. ULUSLARARASI DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ KONGRESİ : 23-25 KASIM 2021
Effect of irrigation systems on the bond strength of calcium-silicate-based cement used as pulp barrier in regenerative endodontic treatment
(Springer, 12.12.2023) Hascizmeci, Cihan; Buldur, Burak
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of irrigation systems on the bond strength of Biodentine, used as a pulp barrier in regenerative endodontic treatment (RET), to the root canal dentin. Following standardized preparation to obtain an immature tooth model, a modified triple antibiotic paste (mTAP) consisting of metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, and clindamycin was applied to the root canals. Teeth were randomly divided into five groups according to the irrigation system (n¼10): Group 1, Conventional Syringe Irrigation (CSI); Group 2, Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation (PUI); Group 3, EndoActivator (EA); Group 4, EndoVac (EV); and Group 5, Nd:YAG laser (LSR). After removing the mTAP from the root canals, parallel sections of 1mm thickness were obtained, with three sections per tooth. Biodentine was applied to the obtained sections, and a push-out test was performed. The data were recorded in MPa, and images of the fracture types were examined. There was no significant difference between the PUI and EV groups (p>0.05), and their respective values, (4.43 ± 0.63) and (4.37 ± 0.47), were greater than those of the other groups (p<0.05). Although the push-out bond strength of the LSR group was higher than those of the EA and CSI groups, there was no difference between EA and CSI groups (p>0.05). The irrigation system type had a significant effect on the push-out bond strength of Biodentine to the root canal dentin in the RET. PUI and EV groups had significantly higher bond strength values than the other groups.
MAKSİLLOFASİYAL BÖLGEDE ULTRASONOGRAFİK GÖRÜNTÜLEMEDE GÜNCEL YAKLAŞIMLAR
(2023) Eninanç, İlknur
1. Ultrasonografinin Tarihçesi ve Genel Bilgiler Ultrasonografi (USG), tıpta ve diş hekimliğinde kullanılan, iyonlaştırıcı radyasyon içermeyen, non-invaziv, düşük maliyetli ve kolay uygulanabilir bir görüntüleme yöntemidir. Ultrasonun temel ilkeleri ve uygulamaları ilk olarak 1880’de Pierre ve Jacques Curie kardeşler tarafından keşfedilmiştir ve ultrason (US) görüntüleme tekniği 1937’de Dussik kardeşler tarafından tanımlanmıştır (Joshi, Pol, & Sudesh, 2014). Tıbbi anlamda USG Avusturyalı nörolog Dr. Karl Theo Dussik tarafından, ilk defa hipersonografi cihazıyla beynin ventriküler sisteminin incelenmesinde kullanılmıştır (Edler & Lindström, 2004). Diş hekimliğinde ise 1963 yılında Baum ve ark. tarafından tanısal USG cihazıyla 15 MHz dalga boyu kullanılarak ilk kez dişlerin iç yapıları görüntülenmiştir (Baum ve ark., 1963).
Comparative assessment of the accuracy of Cameriere’s third molar maturation index method among three different radiographic techniques in a Turkish population
(2023) Çakan, Kübra Nur; Yeler Yalçın Defne; Eninanç, İlknur
Age estimation of living or deceased individuals can be done for ethical, social and legal purposes and is of paramount importance in forensic medicine. Teeth play a crucial role in age estimation. Third molars can be used for dental age estimation as they are the only teeth still developing at the legal age of 18 years. The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of Cameriere’s third molar maturation index method when used with panoramic, periapical and cone beam computed tomography imaging techniques and to test its applicability. The study sample included 101 panoramic radiographs, 101 periapical radiographs and 100 CBCT images from 302 individuals aged 14–24 years. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of Cameriere’s third molar maturation index method were 71%, 97% and 83.1% for panoramic radiographs, 75%, 87.2% and 81.1% for periapical radiographs, and 61.9%, 100% and 72.7% for CBCT images, respectively. Although the cut-off value of 0.08 was applicable for both sexes, it provided more accurate results in males. Although all three imaging methods were acceptable, Cameriere’s third molar maturation index method provided the most accurate results on panoramic images in the Turkish population studied.
KORUYUCU DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ Preventive Dentistry
(Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Rektörlük Matbaası (Sertifika No: 40954), 2023) Çoban Büyükbayraktar, Zeynep
Koruyucu hekimlik uygulamaları tıpta olduğu kadar diş hekimliğinde de önem taşımaktadır. Sağlık alanında tedavi edici uygulamaların yanı sıra koruyucu uygulamaların yerleşmesini sağlamak son derece önemlidir. Koruyucu uygulamalar denilince akla genellikle çocuk hastalar gelir. Çocukların yeterli ve dengeli beslenebilmeleri ve büyüme ve gelişimlerinin sorunsuz devam edebilmesi için sağlıklı bir ağız yapısına sahip olmaları gerekir. Bu nedenle koruyucu uygulamaların tıp hekimleri tarafından da bilinmesi ve gerekli durumlarda hastanın bir diş hekimine yönlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu kitap bölümünde hem genel diş hekimliği alanında hem de ortodonti özelinde mevcut koruyucu uygulamalar anlatılmıştır.
Evaluation of rapid maxillary expansion or alternating rapid maxillary expansion and constriction on Eustachian tube function with audiological tests: A randomized clinical trial
(Elsevier, 2023) Çoban Büyükbayraktar, Zeynep; Doğan, Mansur; Doruk, Cenk; Özel, Volkan Yüksel
Objectives: Maxillary expansion improves the hearing function. This trial aimed to examine the effects of Eustachian tube function (ETF) with audiological tests in orthodontic patients who underwent rapid maxillary expansion (RME) or alternate rapid maxillary expansion and constriction (Alt-RAMEC) treatment. Methods: Forty individuals (mean age = 13.35 years) included in the trial had a healthy eardrum, no history of orthodontic treatment, maxillary constriction, mandibular constriction and were not affected by acute or chronic otitis. Patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups (n = 20 each): the RME protocol or the Alt-RAMEC protocol. ETF was evaluated using Williams’ test at three time points: before expansion (T0), after expansion (T1), and in the 3rd month of retention (T2). Results: In the RME group, Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) was observed in 18 of 40 ears before expansion (T0). The RME group showed significant improvement in tube function in the 3rd month of retention (T2) (p = 0.003). In the Alt-RAMEC group, ETD was observed in 22 of the 40 ears at baseline (T0). Significant improve- ments in tubal function were observed in the Alt-RAMEC group after expansion (T1) (p = 0.008) and in the 3rd month of retention (T2) (p < 0.001). In the RME group, 17 of 18 ears recovered, while in the Alt-RAMEC group, 21 of 22 ears recovered. Conclusion: Eustachian tube function improved in the RME and Alt-RAMEC groups compared to the pre- expansion period.
Assessment of correlation between hand-wrist maturation and cervical vertebral maturation: a fractal analysis study
(2023) Eninanç, İlknur; Çoban Büyükbayraktar, Zeynep
Background To investigate whether fractal dimension (FD) measurements from hand-wrist radiographs and lateral cephalometric radiographs are correlated with each other and with skeletal maturation stages. Methods In this retrospective study conducted on hand-wrist and lateral cephalometric radiographs obtained from patients between 2017 and 2023, hand-wrist maturation stages (HWMS) and cervical vertebral maturation stages (CVMS) of 144 subjects (6 to 17 years of age) were assessed radiographically. The participants were divided into nine groups (n = 16 each) based on HWMS. Fractal analysis was performed on the radiographs of the radius, the middle finger phalanges (proximal, medial and distal), and the cervical vertebral bodies (C2, C3, C4). Mean and standard deviation values, Spearman’s and Pearson correlation analyses, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis H tests and Mann- Whitney-U test were used to evaluate the data. Results Positive correlations were found between the FD values of the radius and HWMS or CVMS (r = .559, P = .001, r = .528 P = .001 respectively). The FD values of the radius were positively correlated with those of all cervical vertebrae (C2, C3, C4), proximal and medial phalanges as well as age. FD values measured from the proximal phalanx, medial phalanx and radius showed significant differences among both HWMS and CVMS (P < .05). HWMS was strongly correlated with CVMS (r = .929, P = .001). Age was strongly correlated with HWMS (r = .795, P = .001) and CVMS (r = .756, P = .001). There was a significant difference in terms of age distribution among HWMS and CVMS (P < .05). Conclusions FD measurements on hand-wrist radiographs can provide useful information for the assessment of skeletal maturation stage. Especially, FD measurements from the radius are important and more reliable to predict skeletal maturation stage.
Dentoalveolar, skeletal, pharyngeal airway, cervical posture, hyoid bone position, and soft palate changes with Myobrace and Twin-block: a retrospective study
(2023) Çoban Büyükbayraktar, Zeynep; Camcı, Hasan
Background The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the dentoalveolar, skeletal, pharyngeal airway, cervical posture, hyoid bone position, and soft palate effects of the Myobrace and Twin-block appliances. The second was to compare them in terms of ease of use by assessing the factors that may influence patient compliance. Methods The study included thirty-six Class II division 1 patients (19 females, 17 males; mean age, 12.14 ± 1.23) who had previously been treated in the Orthodontic Clinic at Sivas Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry. The patients were divided into two groups: Group 1: Myobrace (n = 18), and Group 2: twin block (n = 18). The effects of the appli- ances on the skeletal, dentoalveolar, soft tissue, craniocervical, and other anatomic structures were assessed using 46 measurements (22 linear and 24 angular), on pre and post-treatment cephalometric radiographs. AudaxCeph 5.0 software (Ljubljana, Slovenia) was used for the analysis. To analyze the changes after one year of treatment, a paired sample t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used. Intergroup comparison was performed using the Student t-test and the Mann–Whitney U test. Results In the Myobrace and Twin-block groups, there was a significant increase in SNB (°) (p = 0.004, p = 0.001), IMPA (°) (p = 0.005, p = 0.001) and a significant drop in U1/SN (°) (p = 0.021, p = 0.005). The lengths of Cd–Gn (mm), Go–Pg (mm), and Cd–Go (mm) increased significantly in the Twin-block group (p = 0.003, p = 0.010, p = 0.001), whereas the Myobrace group did not change. Similarly, there was no significant difference in pharyngeal and soft palate measure- ments in the Myobrace group but a statistically significant decrease in SP length and angle in the Twin-block group (p = 0.001, p = 0.006). Increases in SN/OPT (°) (p = 0.032, p = 0.001) and SN/CVT (°) (p = 0.012, p = 0.001) were statisti- cally significant in both groups. Myobrace was more difficult to use while sleeping, whereas the twin block caused more nausea. Conclusions Both appliances can be used for mandibular advancement. The Twin-block appliance, on the other hand, was more effective and patient-friendly.
Evaluation of the Shear Bond Strength of Immediate and Delayed Restorations of Various Calcium Silicate-Based Materials with Fiber-Reinforced Composite Resin Materials
(MDPI AG, 02.10.2023) OZNURHAN, F.; Candan, M; Altınay Karaca, FK
Abstract: Due to significant tissue loss in teeth requiring pulp treatments, hermetic restoration of the remaining dental tissues is one of the most crucial factors in determining the treatment’s success. The adhesion of composite resins to calcium silicate cements (CSCs) is considered challenging. Consequently, it is crucial to identify the optimal method for obtaining optimal adhesion. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) values of immediate and delayed restorations with fiber-reinforced composites on powder–liquid, premixed, and resin-containing flowable CSCs. In the present study, the SBS values obtained after immediate (14 min) and delayed (7 days) restorations of three different CSCs (NeoMTA2, NeoPutty, and TheraCal PT) with three different resin composite materials (EverX FlowTM, EverX PosteriorTM, and Filtek Z550) were compared. The fracture types were evaluated using a stereomicroscope and SEM. TheraCal PT had the highest SBS values for both immediate and delayed restorations, and the comparison with other materials showed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.001). In contrast, there was no statistically significant difference between the SBS values of NeoMTA and NeoPutty (p > 0.05). In both immediate and delayed restorations, there was no statistically significant difference between nanohybrid and fiber-reinforced composites (p > 0.05). The simple use and strong bonding ability of TheraCal PT with composite resins may provide support for the idea that it is suitable for pulpal interventions. Nevertheless, due to the in vitro nature of this study, additional in vitro and clinical studies are required to investigate the material’s physical, mechanical, and biological properties for use in clinical applications.
Effects of Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation and adhesive systems on microtensile bond strength of a self?adhering composite
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 18.01.2023) OZNURHAN, F.; Kaptan A
This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation and adhesive systems on the microtensile bond strength of Fusio Liquid Dentin (FLD) which is a self-adhering composite (SAC). Twenty-four freshly extracted human molar teeth were collected, and the enamel was removed from the occlusal surface to obtain a flat dentin surface. Twenty-four teeth were randomly divided into eight groups: Group 1: only Fusio Liquid Dentin (FLD) (Petron Clinical, Orange, California, USA) was applied to the dentin surface; Group 2: 37% Phosphoricacid (i-GEL, Medicinos Linija UAB, Lithuania) + FLD; Group 3: Single Bond Universal (SBU) (3 M ESPE, Germany) + FLD; Group 4: Adper Easy One (AEO) (3 M ESPE, Germany) + FLD; Group 5: Er:YAG laser + AEO + FLD; Group 6: Er:YAG laser + SBU + FLD; Group 7: Er,Cr:YSGG laser + AEO + FLD; and Group 8: Er,Cr:YSGG laser + SBU + FLD. After thermocycling, 1 × 1 mm2 sticks were used for the μTBS test (n = 10). Two sticks per group were used for SEM analysis. Fractured sample surfaces were evaluated using a stereomicroscope. Group 8 showed the highest μTBS value (13.70 MPa), whereas Group 1 showed the lowest μTBS value (5.60 MPa). There were no significant differences between Groups 2, 3, and 4 (P = 0.324), but Groups 5–8 showed statistically significant results that were higher than Groups 1–4 (P = 0.012). Adhesive failure mode was predominant followed by mixed failure. The evaluation of bonding of the FLD to dentin showed that the combined use of Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG lasers with SBU and AEO on dentin surfaces improved the dentinal bond strength of the FLD.
In Vitro Comparison of Surface Roughness, Flexural, and Microtensile Strength of Various Glass-Ionomer-Based Materials and a New Alkasite Restorative Material
(MDPI AG, 27.01.2023) Kaptan A; OZNURHAN, F.; Candan, M
Abstract: This study aims to evaluate the physical properties of Cention N and various glass-ionomerbased materials in vitro. The groups were obtained as follows: Group 1 (LC-Cent): light-cured Cention N; Group 2 (SC-Cent): self-cured Cention N; Group 3 (COMP): composite (3M Universal Restorative 200); Group 4 (DYRA): compomer (Dyract XP); Group 5 (LINER): Glass Liner; Group 6 (FUJI): FujiII LC Capsule; and Group 7 (NOVA): Nova Glass LC. For the microtensile bond strength ( TBS) test, 21 extracted human molar teeth were used. The enamel of the teeth was removed, and flat dentin surfaces were obtained. Materials were applied up to 3 mm, and sticks were obtained from the teeth. Additionally, specimens were prepared, and their flexural strength and surface roughness (Ra) were evaluated. Herein, data were recorded using SPSS 22.0, and the flexural strength, TBS, and Ra were statistically analyzed. According to the surface roughness tests, the highest Ra values were observed in Group 6 (FUJI) (0.33 0.1), whereas the lowest Ra values were observed in Group 2 (SCCent) (0.17 0.04) (p < 0.05). The flexural strengths of the materials were compared, and the highest value was obtained in Group 2 (SC-Cent) (86.32 15.37), whereas the lowest value was obtained in Group 5 (LINER) (41.75 10.05) (p < 0.05). When the TBS of materials to teeth was evaluated, the highest TBS was observed in Group 3 (COMP) (16.50 7.73) and Group 4 (DYRA) (16.36 4.64), whereas the lowest TBS was found in Group 7 (NOVA) (9.88 1.87) (p < 0.05). According to the TBS results of materials-to-materials bonding, both Group 2 (SC-Cent) and Group 1 (LC-Cent) made the best bonding with Group 3 (COMP) (p < 0.05). It can be concluded that self-cured Cention N had the highest flexural strength and lowest surface roughness of the seven materials tested. Although the bond strength was statistically lower than conventional composites and compomers, it was similar to resin-modified glass ionomer cements. Additionally, the best material-to-material bonding was found between self-cured Cention N and conventional composites
Knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions regarding child abuse and neglect among dentists in Turkey
(01.01.2023) Buldur, Burak; Büyükkök, Çiğdem; Cavalcanti, Alessandro Leite
Abstract: Limited research attention has been paid to Turkish dentists’ perceptions of child abuse and neglect (CA/N). This study aimed to examine Turkish dentists’ knowledge about, attitudes toward, and perceptions of CA/N. A total of 229 Turkish dentists responded to the self-administered, valid and reliable questionnaire. It consisted of 34 questions that could be classified into the following conceptual categories: a) sociodemographic data, b) knowledge about legal procedures and the orofacial characteristics and findings that are indicative of CA/N, and c) self-efficacy and attitudes toward CA/N. Multivariate analysis of variance was conducted and partial eta squared coefficients were used statistically. Knowledge about legal obligations was associated with occupational experience, highest CA/N education, frequency of child dental treatment. Prior experience with case of suspected CA/N demonstrated the greatest effects. Knowledge about the orofacial characteristics and findings that are indicative of CA/N was associated with prior experience with at least one case of suspected CA/N. The most frequently provided reasons for failure to report cases of suspected CA/N were fear that the child would be harmed. Turkish dentists demonstrated moderate levels of knowledge about their legal obligations and the orofacial characteristics and findings that are indicative of CA/N. Dentists should receive detailed education on CA/N in their undergraduate and postgraduate education. In addition, it is necessary to increase awareness and knowledge about CA/N by providing in-service trainings at the institutions where they work. Keywords: Child Abuse; Dentists; Domestic Violence; Wounds and Injuries.
Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Oral Health Literacy Assessment Task: Pathways between parental oral health literacy and oral health consequences in children
(Wiley, 01.03.2023) Buldur, Burak; Oguz, Esra
Background: Parental oral health literacy (OHL) is a determinant of oral health behavior and oral health status of children. Aim: To delineate the pathways between parental OHL and oral health consequences in children and to validate the Turkish version of the Oral Health Literacy Assessment Task (TOHLAT-P). Design: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 315 parent–child dyads. The TOHLAT-P was psychometrically evaluated. Item analysis was performed to determine the reliability of the TOHLAT-P. Construct validity was tested by comparing a commonly used instrument using Pearson's product–moment correlation coefficients. A path model was developed to evaluate associations between parental OHL and oral health consequences in children. The model consisted of five endogenous variables (parental oral health behaviors, children's oral health behaviors, children's dental anxiety, dental caries, and oral health-related quality of life [OHRQoL]) and one exogenous variable (parental OHL). A path analysis was used to test the compatibility of the conceptual model, with a statistical significance of p < .001. Results: There was a statistically significant association between parental oral health behaviors and children's oral health behaviors, and between dental caries and OHRQoL. The variable most directly affected by parental OHL was parental oral health behaviors, whereas the variable most indirectly affected by parental OHL was children's oral health behaviors. Conclusions: The path analysis revealed significant associations between parental and children's oral health behaviors, and between dental caries and OHRQoL. Understanding these pathways is necessary to establish strategies to improve children's oral health. The TOHLAT-P will be useful for future assessments of Turkish children. KEYWORDS children, oral health, oral health literacy, oral health-related quality of life
PROSTHETIC STOMATITIS
(GECE AKADEMİ, Mayıs 2021) Demir, Hakan
Research & Reviews in Health Sciences
PROSTHETIC STOMATITIS
(Gece Kitaplığı, Mayıs-2021) Demir, Hakan
PROSTHETIC STOMATITIS
Evaluation of the microhardness of different resin-based dental restorative materials treated with gastric acid: Scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis
(Microscopy Research and Technique, 2021) ünal, murat; candan, merve; irem, ipek; küçükoflaz, merve; özer, ali
The aim of this study is to evaluate the microhardness, relative surface roughness, and elemental changes of resin-based dental restorative materials (RDRMs) after gastric acid treatment. Five different RDRMs (Group 1 [Filtek Z550], Group 2 [Beautifil II], Group 3 [Vertise Flow], Group 4 [Dyract XP], Group 5 [Fuji II LC]) were used. Samples were formed by using plexiglass molds of 10 mm diameter and 2 mm thickness. A total of 50 samples (n = 10) for microhardness tests and a total of 15 samples (n = 3) for scanning electron microscopy (SEM)–energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis were prepared. All samples of each group were treated to gastric acid, simultaneously. A Vickers microhardness tester was used to evaluate the microhardness of the upper surfaces of each sample. SEM–EDX system was used for microstructure and elemental composition detection. The SEM–EDX, microhardness and relative surface roughness analysis were made prior to treatment in gastric acid for 14 days and analysis were repeated on the 14th day. As the difference in the microhardness values of RDRMs was compared, the time-dependent variation in all RDRMs was found to be statistically significant. It was observed that a drastic decrease in microhardness values was in Beautifil II, Filtek Z550, Vertise Flow, Fuji II LC, and Dyract XP, respectively. Average decrease rate of microhardness values compared to the initial state can be listed from high to low as Beautifil II (%35.72), Vertise Flow (% 28.88), Fuji II LC (% 21.09), Dyract XP (%17.60), and Filtek Z550 (% 16.58). As a result, in in-vitro conditions gastric acid decreased microhardness while increasing the relative surface roughness of RDRMs.
The effect of various asthma medications on surface roughness of pediatric dental restorative materials: An atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy study
(Microscopy Research and TechniqueVolume, 2021) ünal,murat; candan, merve
The aim of the study is to examine and compare the effects of various inhaled asthma medications (IAMs) on the surface roughness of dental restorative materials (DRMs). In total, 192 samples were prepared including 32 samples for the each material group from six different DRMs [Nanohybrid composite (Filtek Z550), Nanofilled flowable composite (Filtek Ultimate), Compomer (Dyract XP), Conventional glass ionomer (Fuji IX Fast), Resin-modified glass ionomer (Fuji II LC), Self-adhering flowable composite (Fusio Liquid Dentin)]. Each group, were divided into four subgroups (n = 8) according to four different IAMs. Surface roughness values (Ra) were obtained by atomic force microscopy (AFM). After the initial roughness of DRMs was analyzed by using AFM and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), each samples were exposed to the same IAMs for 21 days and all analysis were repeated on the 7th and 21st day. Ras increased in all DRMs and higher Ras were recorded through the long-term IAMs administrations. For all IAMs, Fuji II LC had the highest Ra and Filtek Z550 had the lowest Ra. The combined IAM created the highest roughness change on the 7th and 21st day compared to other IAMs. As a result, in in vitro conditions IAMs significantly increased the surface roughness of DRMs.
Biocompatibility of Different Universal Adhesives During Short and Long Periods on Rat Model
(Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology,, 2021) Ünal, Murat; Göze Saygın, Ayşegül; Ünal, Murat; Koç, Tülay; Candan, Merve; İpek, İrem
This in vivo research aimed to compare the biocompatibility of five different Universal adhesives (UAs) in short and long periods. 108 polyethylene tubes filled with five UAs [Group 1: All Bond Universal (ABU), Group 2: Prime Bond Elect Universal (PBU), Group 3: Single Bond Universal (SBU), Group 4: Clearfil Universal Bond Quick (CUB), Group 5: Futurabond U (FBU)] or Group 6: empty (control group)] were implanted into the dorsal connective tissue of 36 rats. Groups 1, 2 and 3 were implanted in 18 rats, the other groups Groups 4, 5 and 6 were implanted in 18 rats. Then, the rats were sacrificed after time intervals 7, 30 and 90 days (n=12). Biopsy samples were examined in terms of inflammatory reaction, necrosis, macrophage infiltrate, giant cell and fibrous capsule criteria. When the UAs groups and control group were compared on the 7th, 30th and 90th days, significant statistical differences were found only on the 7th day in terms of fibrous capsule and macrophage infiltrate (p<0.05). In addition, statistical significant differences were found upon within the control group in terms of inflammation, necrosis, giant cell, fibrous capsule and macrophage infiltrate criteria on the 7th, 30th and 90th days (p<0.05). The all UAs that we used in our study have showed good biocompatibility in the subcutaneous tissues of the rats, and we think that they could be used clinically with resin-based restorative materials in all restorative treatments including deep dentine caries restorations.
THE IMPORTANCE OF PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY IN DENTISTRY
(Gece Kitaplığı, Eylül 2021) Demir, Hakan
Photodynamic therapy is defined as the termination of the viability of target cells by generating reactive oxygen species in the presence of a photosensitizing agent with an appropriate wavelength and dose of light. The foundations of modern phototherapy were laid at the beginning of the 19th century. Oskar Raab proved that some chemical compounds such as acridine and eosin have toxic effects under light.
REMINERALIZATION AND CARIES PREVENTIVE AGENTS
(Gece Kitaplığı, Aralık- 2021) Demir, Hakan
Hydroxyapatite is a crystalline mineral, a complex form of calcium phosphate, and is the main inorganic component of bones and teeth. In the demineralization process, mineral ions are removed from the hydroxyapatite crystals of hard tissues such as enamel, dentin, cementum and bone. Re-acquisition of these mineral ions by hydroxyapatite crystals is called remineralization. Demineralization is a reversible process; therefore, repair can occur if partially demineralized hydroxyapatite crystals in teeth are exposed to an environment that promotes remineralization

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