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Öğe HISTORY OF AERONAUTICS(2023) Erden, Fuat; Danacı, İlhan; Yabaş, EbruMankind always had the ambition to fly, which might be originated by scientific curiosity, imagination, inspiration through observing birds, desire to explore and conquer the skies or combination of all these. As could be expected, the first attempts of flight were based on mimicking birds. For instance, Leonardo da Vinci studied the anatomy and flight patterns of birds, and proposed several ideas to design a flying machine, all of which were based on flapping wings (Petrescu et al., 2017). Eventually, in 1799, Sir George Cayley proposed for the first time that an air vehicle should be composed of a fixed wing for generating lift, a separate propulsion system, and a horizontal and vertical tail for stability (Vos, Rizzi, Darracq, & Hirschel, 2002). However, there were no suitable propulsion systems at that time considering that steam engines were too heavy for flight purposes. Thus, the inventions of internal combustion engine in 1863, and the four stroke gasoline engine in 1885 could be considered to be the main developments that made flight a much achievable ambition. Apparently, once flying became a reality, the exploration of the skies reshaped the way we perceive the world, and forged a path toward unlimited innovation. In this chapter, we provided the brief history of aeronautics with a particular focus on developments in aeronautical materials. The major milestones in the aeronautical history were provided chronologically by highlighting the pioneers and visionaries whom compelled the boundaries to make countless possibilities a reality.Öğe PURIFICATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND APPLICATION AREAS OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS(2023) Dinçer, Berrak; Yabaş, EbruWhen all the methods used in the purification of medicinal aromatic plants are evaluated, it is seen that the properties of the components and the purpose of producing the product are important in the selection of the method. In recent years, it can be said that modern methods have attracted more attention due to their advantages such as shorter time, less toxic waste and higher product purity. After obtaining the plant extracts with appropriate separation and purification methods, it is important to characterize them with appropriate techniques and to elucidate their structures. Different analysis techniques are used in the characterization of plant extracts. When the literature is examined in detail, it is seen that methods such as HPLC, GC-MS, ESI-MS, NMR 225 | CURRENT STUDIES ON MEDICINAL PLANTS-I and FT-IR are widely used in the characterization of plant extracts. Comparisons can be made by using one or a combination of these analysis techniques to determine the content of plant extracts. The purer the plant extracts can be obtained in terms of functional components, the easier it will be to identify the components.Öğe PARAMETERS AFFECTING MICRO ARC OXIDATION PROCESS, BIOCOMPATIBILITY AND PARTICLE ADDITION(IKSAD, 2023) Ünlüses, Kadir; Şimşir, Mehmet; Yabaş, EbruMicro Arc Oxidation (MAO) is used in many areas in the biomedical applications (medicine, dentistry), automotive, military, textile industry, maritime industry, aircraft and space sectors because it creates high temperature resistant coatings and shows high di-electric properties. Due to this feature, it is especially important in the space industry in the production of protective coatings of missiles and space shuttles. In addition, MAO technology is used in chemical applications because it is resistant not only to high temperatures but also to medium temperatures and strong acids and bases; In mechanical applications as a factor that increases wear resistance due to its high oxide hardness (> 1300 kg/mm2) layer; It is a surface modification process that can be used in thermal and electrical-electronic applications (Sun et al., 2005, Günyüz, 2007, Mostofizadeh et al., 2011) Compared to anodic oxidation, MAO technology is superior with its higher coating formation rate and thickness due to the ability to reach higher voltages. MAO technology is a superior process to the plasma spraying method with its high adhesion force that develops with the substrate material. When compared to the hard chrome plating method in terms of the electrolytes used, it is seen that the alkaline electrolytes used in the MAO process are not harmful to the environment. In short, the MAO process is seen as a technology that continues to develop, provides high tribological properties, and will replace many of the traditional coatings with its advanced surface treatment method (Lee et al., 2008, Morks et al., 2011, Malayoglu et al., 2011). An ideal metallic biomaterial used in dentistry and orthopedic fields; It is required to have biocompatibility, relatively low density, contain little or no toxic metals in its structure, have high strength and long fatigue life, low elastic modulus (compared to cortical bone), plasticity at wide ambient temperatures and be perfect. Titanium and its alloys are shiny and have a high specific strength (strength/density) ratio. Titanium and its alloys are widely used in dental and orthopedic applications due to their excellent biocompatibility, mechanical properties, excellent corrosion resistance and ease of machinability (Rautray et al., 2011). Biocompatibility is the ability of a material to perform its function in the presence of the appropriate environment for a specific application. The materials used as implants are expected to be highly non-toxic and should not cause any inflammation or 105 | Current Research From Science to Technology allergic reactions in the human body (Geetha et al., 2009). The success of biomaterials depends mainly on the reaction of the living body towards the implant material. Due to the presence of a passive and stable thin oxide film (TiO2) formed on the surface of titanium, it is relatively inert, has high corrosion resistance and superior biocompatibility. Since the oxide layer on the titanium surface is homogeneous and dense, the titanium implant does not interact with tissues and also regenerates immediately if the passive layer is damaged (Liu, et al., 2004). The surfaces of titanium and its alloys play an important role in implant integration in the living body. As a result of different surface modifications, the properties specified in the following items can be achieved. •Better mechanical fixation of the implant to the bone tissue (improvement of bone bonding with the implant) •Improvement of bone permeability and inductivity •Improving wear resistance •Improving corrosion resistance •Improvement of biocompatibility and bioactivity •Shortening recovery time after implantation In this article, the parameters of the micro arc oxidation process and biocompatibility are examinedÖğe CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUES OF HERBAL ESSENTIAL OILS(IKSAD, 2022) Ebru YABAŞ; Fuat Erden; Mehmet ŞimşirIn the characterization of essential oils, techniques such as Fourier- Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Raman Spectroscopy, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer are generally used. In this part of the chapter, information about these techniques is separately given.Öğe In vitro antioxidant and nutritional content values of Goji Berry (Lycium barbarum L.)(2021) Yabaş, EbruGoji berry has been observed that have a high antioxidant potential. In the same time, results showed that it can be a good food sources for humans thanks to its rich nutritional contents. In this context, it can be said that the consumption of this plant can be beneficial for health.
