Pyrimidine derivatives as anti-inflammatory agents

Although the discovery of a new drug is time-consuming and can cost billions of dollars, it is highly essential for improving patient outcomes with minimum toxicity. Therefore, pyrimidine-based agents have been extensively studied for their potential as anti-inflammatory drugs in addition to their unique chemical and biological properties. Just like pyridine, pyrimidine is a heterocyclic organic compound that consists of two nitrogen atoms in a six-membered ring. Pyrimidine derivatives have been found to possess anti-inflammatory activities through inhibition of the production of prostaglandins, nitric oxide, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, chemokines, and cytokines, which are important mediators of inflammation. Due to their mechanism of action and effectiveness, pyrimidine derivatives are promising candidates for the development of new drugs to treat various inflammatory diseases. This chapter sums up the pharmacological potential of pyrimidine derivatives and provides an overview of recent literature studies of these unique compounds as antiinflammatory agents. © 2024 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.