Investigation of Relationships between Navicular Drop, Hallux Valgus Angle, and Subtalar Angle with Balance, Knee Muscle Strength, and Single-Leg Hop in University Students

This study investigated the relationships between the navicular drop test (NDT), hallux valgus angle (HVA), and subtalar angle with balance, knee muscle strength, and single-leg hop in university students. The study design was a cross-sectional correlational study and 215 volunteers between the ages of 18-36 were included in the study. Both feet were tested using the NDT, HVA, and SA measurements. Balance was assessed with Y balance test, knee muscle strength with hand dynamometer, and jumping with single-leg hop. Left-side NDT only showed a positive weak correlation with right-side flexor knee muscle strength (r:0.136, p:0.046). Right-side HVA showed a negative weak correlation with all knee muscle strength results (r:0.179-(-0.132),p:0.07-0.022). Left-side HVA showed a weak negative correlation with both sides’ extensor knee muscle strength (right;r:-0.141,p:0.039, left;r:-0.179,p:0.009). SA did not significantly correlate with balance, knee muscle strength, and single-leg hop (p>0.05). There was no significant correlation between NDT and SA with balance, knee muscle strength, and single-leg hop in university students. There was no significant correlation between HVA and balance and single-leg hop, but it significantly negatively correlated with knee muscle strength. This study showed increased hallux valgus angle may be associated with decreased knee muscle strength in young adults. © 2025, Inonu University. All rights reserved.