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Öğe 1H, 1'H-3,3'-Biindazol Maddesinin Ratlarda Bazı Biyokimyasal Parametrelere Etkisinin Araştırılması(2022) Çöteli, Ebru; Karataş, Fikret; Kara, Haki; Servi, Süleymanİndazoller kimya ve farmakoloji’de önemli bileşiklerdir. Bu çalışmada, ratlara belirli sürelerde enjekte edilen 1H,1'H-3,3'-biindazol maddesinin, ratların kan serumu, karaciğer ve böbrekteki antioksidan vitaminler (A, E, C), Se, MDA miktarları ile GSH-Px enzim aktiviteleri üzerine etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Serum, karaciğer ve böbrek numunelerindeki selenyum miktarları florimetrik metotla, A, E, C ve MDA seviyeleri ise yüksek performanslı sıvı kromatografisi (HPLC) ile belirlenmiştir. Eritrositlerin GSH-Px enzim aktivite miktarları spektrofotometrik metotla ölçülmüştür. Deneysel sonuçlarımız, A, E, C vitaminleri ve Se düzeylerinin genel olarak kontrol grubuna göre daha düşük olduğu, 3. enjeksiyon periyodunda GSH-Px enzim aktivite miktarının maksimum arttığı ve diğer enjeksiyon periyodlarındaki aktivitelerin kontrol grubuna göre daha yüksek olduğu gözlenmiştir. 1H,1'H-3,3'-biindazolmaddesi uygulamasından sonra ratların A, E, C vitaminleri ve Se düzeyleri azalırken, MDA seviyeleri ve GSH-Px enzim aktivite miktarlarının arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Pek çok hastalığın tedavisinde kullanılan bu tıbbi maddelerin hayati önem taşıdığı ancak metabolizmada oksidatif strese yol açtığı belirlenmiştir. Bu maddeleri içeren ilaçların kullanımlarında antioksidan vitaminlerin ve selenium desteğinin faydalı olabileceği kanaatine varılmıştır.Öğe ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF TURKEY SOURCE PUMPKIN SEED OIL IN RAT EDEMA MODEL(Polskie Towarzystwo Farmaceutyczne, 2020) Arslanbas, Emre; Kara, Haki; Karayigit, Mehmet Onder; Dogan, Halef Okan; Yildiz, Seyma NurThis study aimed to determine the effects of Turkey-sourced pumpkin seed oil (PSO), administered orally to rats in different dosages, to research its anti-inflammatory effect in rat edema model, induced by carrageenan, based on different dosages, and to evaluate its effects comparatively with indomethacin. The study was conducted on 42 rats in total, divided into 7 groups (control, carr, PSO40, PSO100, PSO40+carr,PSO100+carr and indo+carr). In the study, doses of 40 and 100 mg/kg of PSO were found to significantly sup-press rat paw edema in time, and it was observed that this effect was more pronounced in the fourth hour. It was found that MDA and cytokine (TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1 beta) levels were inhibited, and GPX and SOD activities were enhanced in groups that received PSO and indo+carr groups. Histopathological examinations also support these findings. As a result of the study, the significant anti-inflammatory effect of Turkey-sourced PSO was attributed to the existence of unsaturated fatty acids and enriched phytochemical compounds.Öğe Cherry stem phenolic compounds: Optimization of extraction conditions and in vitro evaluations of antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities(Wiley, 2020) Demir, Tugba; Akpinar, Ozlem; Kara, Haki; Gungor, HuseyinThe present study reported the optimization of extraction of phenolic and flavonoid compounds from the cherry stem and biological activities of the extract. The extraction parameters were optimized employing a response surface methodology, and they were determined as 79 degrees C, 35% (vol/vol) of ethanol percentage and 119 min. It was found that the extract obtained at the optimum conditions contained high amounts of sinapic acid and quercetin followed by caffeic and ferulic acid. It had a high antioxidant capacity and showed antimicrobial activities againstEscherichia coli,Enterococcus fecalis,Staphylococcus aureus,Aspergillus flavus,andAspergillus niger. The extract inhibited alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, lipoxygenase, and xanthine oxidase enzymes which indicated that the extract had antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. It also showed cytotoxic activities on the breast and bone cancer cells. The results showed that cherry stems might be potentially useful in food or nonfood applications and an important natural source for bioactive compounds. Practical applications The cherry stem extract showed the high antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities. It displayed cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and MG-63 cells. It can replace the chemical compounds in food and nonfood formulations to control the oxidative change and undesirable microbial activity and can reduce the blood glucose levels, inflammation and the risk of cancer, and it can meet the increasing consumer demand to the natural products.Öğe Effect of Astragalus microcephalus wild extract and Vitamin E–Selenium combination on Cadmium–induced damage in rat ovaries(Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, 2024) Kurt, Begum; Kara, Haki; Sahın, Mahmut; Kumru, Alper Serhat; Ozkaraca, MustafaThis study was conducted to investigate the protective effect of Astragalus (AST) extract alone and in combination with vitamin E (vit E) + selenium (Se) against the toxicity induced by cadmium (CdCl2) in rat ovaries. Thirty–six female Wistar rats were divided into six groups. AST was administered at a dose of 5 mg·kg-1, Cd at a dose of 2 mg·kg-1, and Vit E (60 mg·kg-1) + Se (1 mg·kg-1) orally for a duration of 15 days. The levels of MDA, GSH–Px, SOD, and CAT were analyzed in the blood and tissue samples to assess oxidative stress. Additionally, the levels of estrogen, FSH, LH, Inhibin B, and Antimullerian hormones were measured in the serum samples. The ovarian tissues were examined histopathologically and immunohistochemically for 8–OhDG, Caspase 3, and LC3B immunoreactivity. In the group exposed to CdCl2, MDA levels significantly increased, while antioxidant parameters showed significant decreases (P<0.05). Although significant improvements were observed in the groups treated with AST alone, more significant improvements were seen in the groups treated with both AST and Vit E + Se (P<0.05). It was concluded that AST extracts alone and in combination with Vit E + Se exhibited protective effects against ovarian toxicity caused by Cd exposure and may be effective against metal toxicity. © (2024), (Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias). All rights reserved.Öğe Effect of black mulberry (Morus nigra) extract treatment on cognitive impairment and oxidative stress status of d-galactose-induced aging mice(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2016) Turgut, Nergiz Hacer; Mert, Derya Guliz; Kara, Haki; Egilmez, Hatice Reyhan; Arslanbas, Emre; Tepe, Bektas; Gungor, Huseyin; Yilmaz, Nese; Tuncel, Necati BarisContext: Morus nigra L. (Moraceae) has various uses in traditional medicine. However, the effect of M. nigra on cognitive impairment has not been investigated yet. Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the phenolic acid content and DNA damage protection potential of M. nigra leaf extract and to investigate the extract effect on cognitive impairment and oxidative stress in aging mice. Materials and methods: Phenolic acid content was determined by quantitative chromatographic analysis. DNA damage protection potential was evaluated on pBR322 plasmid DNA. Thirty-two Balb-C mice were randomly divided into four groups (control, d-galactose, d-galactose + M. nigra 50, and d-galactose + M. nigra 100). Mice were administered d-galactose (100 mg/kg, subcutaneous) and M. nigra (50 or 100 mg/kg, orally) daily for 8 weeks. Behavioral responses were evaluated with Morris water maze. Activities of antioxidant enzymes and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were assayed in serum, brain, and liver. Results: In extract, vanillic (632.093 mu g/g) and chlorogenic acids (555.0 mu g/g) were determined. The extract between 0.02 and 0.05 mg/mL effectively protected all DNA bands against the hazardous effect of UV and H2O2. Morus nigra significantly improved learning dysfunctions (p< 0.01), increased memory retention (p < 0.01), reduced MDA levels (p < 0.05), and elevated SOD, GPx, and CAT activities (p < 0.05) compared with the d-galactose group. Discussion and conclusion: These results show that M. nigra has the potential in improving cognitive deficits in mice and that M. nigra may be useful to suppress aging, partially due to its scavenging activity of free radicals and high antioxidant capacity.Öğe The effect of octreotide, an analog of somatostatin, on bleomycin-induced interstitial pulmonary fibrosis in rats(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2013) Tug, Tuncer; Kara, Haki; Karaoglu, Aziz; Karatas, Fikret; Turgut, Nergiz Hacer; Ayan, Erhan; Boran, Cetin; Tug, EsraIn this study, octreotide (OCT), a synthetic sonnatostatin analog, was tested for its beneficial effects in the prevention of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) induced by bleomycin (BLM) in rats by histological examination and by evaluating tissue OH-proline levels. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided randomly into three groups: group I: intratracheal (i.t.) BLM (7.5 mg/kg, single dose) + saline solution [0.9% NaCl, subcutaneously (s.c.), once-daily for 7 days]; group II: i.t. BLM (7.5 mg/kg, single dose) + OCT acetate (82.5 mu g/kg, s.c., once-daily for 7 days); and the control group. At the end of the 7 days, lung tissues were excised and examined by histopathological methods. Levels of tissue hydroxyproline (OH-proline) were determined. BLM administration resulted in prominent histopathologic findings, such as diffuse alveolar damage and interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, as well as a significant increase in OH-proline level, as compared to controls. OCT application explicitly attenuated the histopathologic changes to a significant extent. OCT decreased paranchymal fibrosis and structural deformities in BLM-induced lung fibrosis. These results suggest that OCT administration to rats with BLM-induced IPF has a protective effect. Further studies are necessary to reveal the molecular mechanism(s) of OCT-induced protective effect.Öğe Effects of apixaban, rivaroxaban, dabigatran and enoxaparin on histopathology and laboratory parameters in Achilles tendon injury: An in vivo study(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2021) Avci, Sema; Gungor, Huseyin; Kumru, Alper Serhat; Sahin, Mahmut; Gezer, Arzu; Gok, Uzeyir; Kara, HakiObjectives: To compare the effects of apixaban, rivaroxaban, dabigatran and enoxaparin on histopathology and blood parameters in rats with Achilles tendon injury. Materials and Methods: Thirty adult, male Wistar albino rats weighting 220-240 g were randomly divided into five (one control and four treatment) groups and placed in a controlled environment. The Achilles tendon was incised and re-sutured in each rat, after which each group was provided the following treatment for 28 days: a) 2 ml saline to the control group, b) apixaban in 1 ml of saline (10 mg/kg/day) +1 ml of saline, c) rivaroxaban in 1 ml of saline (2 mg/kg/day) +1 ml saline, d) dabigatran in 1 ml of saline (30 mg/kg/day) +1 ml of saline, e) enoxaparin (80 mu g/kg/day) + 2 ml of saline. Results: Hemogram, biochemical and coagulation parameters differed significantly between the control and treatment groups (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, in the apixaban group, type I and type III collagen immunoreactivity were severe and moderate, respectively. In the rivaroxaban and dabigatran groups, both type I and type III collagen immunoreactivity were medium and severe, respectively. In the enoxaparin group, type I and type III collagen immunoreactivity were mild and severe, respectively. Conclusion: The higher concentration of type I collagen in the apixaban and dabigatran indicates faster tendon healing in these groups, and the higher concentration of the type III collagen in the enoxaparin group indicates slower healing in this group.Öğe Effects of Mebendazole on the Caspase-mediated Apoptosis mechanism in Cancer cell culture(Univ Zulia, Facultad Ciencias Veterinarias, 2024) Sahin, Mahmut; Kara, HakiThis study was conducted to compare Mebendazole in terms of its apoptosis-inducing and tubulin-inhibitory effects when combined with vincristine and paclitaxel, both of which are used in cancer treatment. Lung fibroblast cells (MRC-5) and small cell lung carcinoma (NCI-H209) cell lines were used in the study. Concentrations of Mebendazole, vincristine, and paclitaxel at 0.5 pM, 1 pM, 1.5 pM, and 2 pM were separately applied to these cell lines, as well as in combinations. After the cells were kept in the culture medium for 24 hours following drug administration, cell proliferation, apoptotic DNA levels, caspase 3, 8, and 9 levels, and in vitro wound healing experiments were performed. It was determined that Mebendazole suppressed cell proliferation and cell healing, increased caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9 levels and apoptotic DNA formation in NCI- H209 cancer lung cells. Compared to the groups given Mebendazole and vincristine alone, it was observed that cell proliferation was more suppressed and, the level of apoptosis increased in cancerous cells in the groups given the combination of the two drugs. According to the findings obtained from the present study, it was believe that Mebendazole may possess therapeutic activity against cancerous lung cells (NCI-H209) due to its apoptosis-inducing and cell proliferation- suppressive effects.Öğe Effects of selenium, zinc, insulin and metallothionein on cadmium-induced oxidative stress and metallothionein gene expression levels in diabetic rats(De Gruyter, 2020) Gungor, Huseyin; Kara, HakiThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of selenium, zinc, insulin, and metallothionein on oxidative damage and metallothionein (MT) gene expression levels in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic rats exposed to Cd. Rats were categorized under eight groups (control, STZ, Cd, STZ + Cd, Group 5, Group 6, Group 7, and STZ + Cd + MT [n:8/group]) were used. After diabetes was induced by STZ (55 mg/kg, i.p.), Cd was administered (1 mg/kg CdCl, orally) for 4 weeks. In cadmium-treated groups selenium (Na2SeO3 1.5 mg/kg, i.p.), zinc (ZnSO4 10 mg/kg via oral gavage), insulin (insulin glargine, 2U/day, s.c.), and MT (1mg/kg, every other 10 days, s.c.) were administered. MT gene expression levels, MDA levels, GPx, SOD, and CAT activity levels were determined in liver and kidney tissues. MT gene expression and MDA levels increased (p < 0.05) while GPx and SOD activity levels decreased (p < 0.05) in STZ, Cd, and STZ + Cd groups. In Group 5, Group 6, Group 7, and Group 8 groups MT gene expression and MDA levels were decreased while GPx and SOD activity levels were increased (p < 0.05). CAT activity significantly increased (p < 0.05) in STZ + Cd group while there were no significance in other groups (p > 0.05). Compared to the control, Group 5, Group 6, Group 7, and Group 8 groups provided no difference for alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels (p > 0.05). Our results suggest that Se, insulin, Zn and MT may have protective effects against hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity caused by Cd exposure in diabetic rats by reducing oxidative stress and MT gene expression levels. © 2020 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.Öğe Endemik Astragalus microcephalus Wild Bitkisi Ekstraktının Ratlarda Deneysel Oluşturulan Yara Üzerine Etkisinin Araştırılması(2023) Şahin, Mahmut; Kumru, Alper Serhat; Özkaraca, Mustafa; Yılmaz, Gökhan; Kara, HakiÖZ Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı endemik Astragalus microcephalus wild (AST) bitkisi ekstraktının ratlarda deneysel oluşturulan yara üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Astragalus microcephalus. wild (AST) örneklerinden elde edilen ekstrakt, lanolin kullanılarak %2.5 ve %5’lik AST pomadı haline getirildi. Yine, ticari dekspantenol (Deks) (dekspantenol 500 mg/2ml, Bepanthen®) kullanılarak %2.5 ve %5’lik pomadlar oluşturuldu. Çalışmada her grupta 4 hayvan yer aldı.15 gün boyunca kontrol grubu hariç tüm hayvanlara pomad uygulaması günde bir kez yapıldı. Çalışmanın 3., 6., 9., 12. ve 15. günlerinde yara boyutları ölçüldü. 15. Günün sonunda dekapite edilerek yara bölgeleri histopatolojik inceleme için alındı. Bulgular: Epitelizasyon şekillenmesi, Mononükleer hücre infiltrasyonu ve granülasyon dokusu açısından gruplar arasında önemli farklılıklar (p <0.05) olduğu belirlendi. AST %2.5 ve AST 5 gruplarında ise epitel oluşumunun devam ettiği ve keratinleşmenin orta düzeylere yükseldiği belirlendi. Mn hücre infiltrasyonlarının Ast %5 grubunda hafiflediği görüldü. Granulasyon doku oluşumunun Dex %5, AST %2.5 ve AST %5 gruplarında olgunlaşmanın artmasıyla orta seviyede olduğu tespit edildi. Sonuç: Astragalus microcephalus wild ekstraktının yara iyileşmesi üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla hazırlanan %2.5 ve % 5’lik pomatlarının yara iyileşmesini hızlı bir şekilde sağladığı görülmüştür.Öğe In Vitro Antidiabetic, Antiinflammatory, Cytotoxic, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Peel(Sidas Medya A.S., 2019) Demir, Tuğba; Akpınar, Özlem; Kara, Haki; Güngör, HüseyinIn this study, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antiinflammatory and cytotoxic properties of the pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel were investigated. The composition of the phenolic compounds of the pomegranate peel extract (33%, 78°C, 113 min) was determined and it was found to contain high amounts of punigalagin, caffeic acid and epicatechin. At the same time, the extract was found to have high antioxidant capacity. It showed antimicrobial activity against selected microorganisms (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger) and its highest microbial resistance was found to be against S. aureus (21 mm; 1.87 mg extract /mL). It inhibited ?-amylase and ?-glucosidase enzymes and showed the antidiabetic property. At the same time, the extract was able to inhibit xanthine oxidase and lipoxygenase enzymes that were responsible for the inflammation and its cytotoxic activity on breast and bone cancer cells were also observed. It was concluded that pomegranate peel extracts could be used in food and non-food applications due to its biological activities. © 2017 The authors.Öğe The influence of quercetin on recognition memory and brain oxidative damage in a ketamine model of schizophrenia(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2019) Mert, Derya Guliz; Turgut, Nergiz Hacer; Arslanbas, Emre; Gungor, Huseyin; Kara, HakiOBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to investigate the protective effect of quercetin on changes in recognition memory as assessed by the novel object recognition (NOR) test, as well as on changes in the oxidative stress levels in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, produced in a model of memory impairment in schizophrenia induced by administration of a subanesthetic dose of ketamine. METHODS: A total of 40 Balb-C mice were randomly divided into five groups (Corn oil + Saline, Quercetin 50 + Saline, Corn oil + Ketamine, Quercetin 25 + Ketamine, Quercetin 50 + Ketamine). Corn oil and Quercetin (25 or 50 mg/kg/day) was given by orogastric gavage once daily for 21 days. Corn oil was chosen as the vehicle and administered at the same volume as quercetin. Ketamine was injected at a dose of 25 mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.) for a period of 7 days starting from the 15th day. Behavioural responses were evaluated with the NOR test. The activity levels of antioxidant enzymes and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were assayed in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. RESULTS: The time of exploration of the novel object was longer than T-F (time to explore the familiar object) in the Corn oil + Saline and Quercetin 50 + Saline groups in NOR Test-1 (p < .05). The discrimination ratios of the Quercetin 50 + Ketamine and Corn oil + Ketamine groups were significantly lower than that of the Quercetin 50 + Saline group (p < .05). The discrimination ratios of the Quercetin 50 + Ketamine and Corn oil + Saline groups were significantly lower than that of the Quercetin 50 + Saline group (p < .05). The time of exploration of the novel object was longer than T-F in the Corn oil + Saline and Quercetin 50 + Ketamine groups in NOR Test-2 (p < .05). The discrimination ratios of the Corn oil + Ketamine and Quercetin 25 + Ketamine groups were significantly lower than those of the Quercetin 50 + Ketamine group (p < .05). Quercetin at 50 mg/kg reduced the MDA levels and elevated the SOD and GPx activity compared to the Corn oil + Ketamine group. CONCLUSION: These results show that quercetin has the potential to improve cognitive deficits in mice and that quercetin may be useful for treating the symptoms of schizophrenia, partially due to its ability to scavenge free radicals and its high antioxidant capacity.Öğe Investigation of GH and GHR Alu I gene polymorphisms on meat yields in Anatolian water buffalo breed using PCR-RFLP method(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2019) Ozsensoy, Yusuf; Kara, HakiThe Anatolian water buffalo is a native water buffalo breed only being reared in Turkey. The objective of this study was to investigate gene polymorphisms on exons 4 and 5 of the growth hormone (GH) and on exon 10 of the growth hormone receptor (GHR), which are thought to be related to meat yields of Anatolian water buffalo. Blood samples of 192 water buffaloes from Sivas Province were used in DNA extractions by phenol-chloroform method. DNA samples were amplified by using specific pruners in PCR. PCR products were digested by Alu I (GH, n: 167) and Alu I (GHR, n: 192) restriction enzymes in order to determine polymorphisms. Digested PCR products were separated in 2.5%-3% agarose gel electrophoresis to determine allelic polymorphisms. As a result, the LL (78.44%) and LV (21.56%) genotypes and L (0.89) and V (0.11) alleles for the GH gene and the AA (7.81%) and AG (92.19%) genotypes and A (0.54) and G (0.46) alleles for the GHR gene were obtained. Gene polymorphisms were not detected (P > 0.05) on the Gil gene, but a significant difference was found for the GHR gene (P < 0.001). Therefore, it can be said that Anatolian water buffaloes have increased meat yield due to the presence of genotypes in gene regions. This was the first investigation of enzyme polymorphisms of the GHR gene in Anatolian water buffaloes.Öğe Investigation of the Protective Effects of Dexpanthenol and Boldine in Cisplatin-Induced Experimental Testis Injury Model in Rats(2022) Tuna, Zeynep; Kara, Haki; Şahin, Mahmut; Güngör, Hüseyin; Kumru, Alper SerhatThis study was carried out to determine the protective effects of dexpanthenol and boldin against \rpossible testicular damage caused by cisplatin. 48 Male Wistar rats (250-270 g) aged 4-5 months \rwere used in the study. 8 groups were formed with 6 animals in each group. Boldin (20 and 40\rmg/kg) and dexpentanol (250 and 500 mg/kg) were administered to rats along with cisplatin (7 \rmg/kg). At the end of the 14th day, spermatogenic and histopathological examinations and \rtesticular tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase \r(GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) levels were determined. A significant decrease in sperm quality and \rmotility, a significant increase in MDA, and a significant decrease in SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT levels \rwere observed in the cisplatin group. MDA levels were significantly lower in the other groups \rcompared to the cisplatin group. SOD, GSH-Px and CAT enzyme levels increased in the treatment \rgroups compared to the cisplatin group and approached the control group. Combined application of \rhigh doses of both substances with cisplatin reduced histopathological lesions. Significant \rincreases were found in the groups in which both doses of dexpanthenol and boldin were \rcombined with cisplatin compared to the cisplatin group. As a result, it was concluded that \rdexpanthenol and boldin treatments may have a protective effect against cisplatin-induced \rtesticular damage in rats.\rÖğe Nar (Punica granatum L.) Kabuğunun İn Vitro Antidiyabetik, Antienflamatuar, Sitotoksik, Antioksidan ve Antimikrobiyal Aktivitesi(2019) Demir, Tuğba; Akpınar, Özlem; Kara, Haki; Güngör, HüseyinBu çalışmada nar (Punica granatum L.) kabuğunun sağlık açısından önemli antioksidan, antimikrobiyal, antidiyabetik,antienflamatuar ve sitotoksik özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Nar kabukları (%33 etanol konsantrasyonu, 78°C, 113 dakika)ekstrakte edilerek fenolik bileşiklerinin kompozisyonu belirlenmiş, yüksek oranda punigalajin, kafeik asit ve epikateşiniçerdiği ve yüksek antioksidan kapasiteye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen ekstrakt aynı zamanda, seçilenmikroorganizmalara (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus flavus veAspergillus niger) karşı antimikrobiyal etki göstermiş ve en fazla mikrobiyal direnci S. aureus’a (21 mm; 1.87 mgekstrakt/mL) karşı olduğu bulunmuştur. Ekstrakt ?-amilaz ve ?-glukozidaz enzimlerini inhibe etmiş ve antidiyabetiközellik göstermiştir. Aynı zamanda ekstraktın enflamasyondan sorumlu ksantin oksidaz ve lipoksigenaz enzimlerini deinhibe edebildiği ve meme ve kemik kanseri hücreleri üzerinde sitotoksik aktiviteye sahip olduğu da gözlenmiştir. Narkabuğu ekstraktının belirlenen biyolojik aktiviteleri ile gıda ve gıda dışı uygulamalarda kullanılabileceği sonucunavarılmıştır.Öğe NAR KABUĞUNDAN ANTİMİKROBİYAL VE ANTİOKSİDAN AKTİVİTEYE SAHİP FENOLİK BİLEŞİKLERİN EKSTRAKSİYON KOŞULLARININ OPTİMİZASYONU(2019) Güner, Tuğba Demir; Akpınar, Özlem; Kara, Haki; Güngör, HüseyinBu çalışmada, nar kabuğunun fenolik, flavonoid, antioksidan ve antimikrobiyal, özellikleri araştırılmıştır. 17farklı koşulda elde edilen ekstraktların fenolik ve flavonoid bileşiklerinin ekstraksiyon (sıcaklık, süre ve etanolkonsantrasyonu) koşulları, cevap yüzey metodu kullanılarak optimize edilmiştir. Optimizasyon çalışmalarınınsonunda nar kabuğu için 78°C, %33 etanol konsantrasyonu, 113 dakika optimum koşul olarak belirlenmiştir.Elde edilen ekstraktların yüksek oranda antioksidan ve antimikrobiyal aktiviteye sahip olduğu bulunmuştur.Optimum koşullarda elde edilen ekstraktların fenolik bileşikleri yüksek basınçlı sıvı kromotografisi ile analizedilmiş, nar kabuğu ekstraktlarının en fazla kuarsetin ve epikateşin içerdiği bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar, narkabuklarının gerek gıda gerekse gıda dışı endüstrilerde, önemli bir kaynak olarak da kullanım potansiyeliolabileceğini desteklemektedir.Öğe The Protective Effect of Naringin against Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Wistar Rats(HINDAWI LTD, 2016) Turgut, Nergiz H.; Kara, Haki; Elagoz, Sahende; Deveci, Koksal; Gungor, Huseyin; Arslanbas, EmreThe aim of the current study was to investigate the protective effect of naringin on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. Twenty-four Wistar rats randomly divided into four groups (control, bleomycin alone, bleomycin + naringin 40, and bleomycin + naringin 80) were used. Rats were administered a single dose of bleomycin (5mg/kg; via the tracheal cannula) alone or followed by either naringin 40 mg/kg (orally) or naringin 80mg/kg (orally) or water (1mL, orally) for 14 days. Rats and lung tissue were weighed to determine the lung index. TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta levels, hydroxyproline content, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were assayed. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were determined. Tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Masson's trichrome, and 0.1% toluidine blue. TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and MDA levels and hydroxyproline content significantly increased (p < 0.01) and GPx and SOD activities significantly decreased in bleomycin group (p < 0.01). Naringin at a dose of 80mg/kg body weight significantly decreased TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta activity, hydroxyproline content, and MDA level (p < 0.01) and increased GPx and SOD activities (p < 0.05). Histological evidence supported the results. These results show that naringin has the potential of reducing the toxic effects of bleomycin and may provide supportive therapy for conventional treatment methods for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Öğe Ratlarda Deneysel Oluşturulan Yara Modelinde M.Alba Ekstraktının Etkinliğinin Belirlenmesi(Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 2020) Kara, Haki; Şahin, Mahmut; Güngör, Hüseyin; Kumru, Alper Serhat; Yılmaz, Gökhan; Karayiğit, Mehmet ÖnderAntik çağlardan beri bitkiler çeşitli hastalıkların tedavisinde kullanılmaktadırlar. Morus alba da eskiden beri başta diabet olmak üzere karaciğer, dalak, immun sistem ve kardiyovasküler sistem kaynaklı pek çok hastalığın tedavisinde geleneksel olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Morus albanın yara iyileşmesi üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada Wistar cinsi erkek ratlarda oluşturulan yara modelinde kontrol, dekspantenol (%2,5 ve %5) ve Morus alba ekstraktı (%2,5 ve %5) uygulanmıştır. Çalışma süresince 3, 6, 9, 12 ve 15. günlerde kaliper ile ölçümler yapılıp 15. Günde ratlar ötanazi edilerek histopatolojik değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler ışığında Morus Alba ekstraktlarının kontrol ve dekspantenol verilenlere göre daha hızlı yara iyileşmesi hızı sağladığını göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak Morus alba ekstraktının yara iyileşmesinde kullanılabileceği kanaatine varılmıştır.Öğe The Effect of Greater Celandine Active Ingredient Chelidonine on Isolated Rat Bladder and Trachea Smooth Muscles and Primary Lung and Kidney Cell Lines(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2020) Arslanbas, Emre; Kara, Haki; Turgut, Nergiz Hacer; Gungor, Huseyin; Dogan, Halef Okan; Atasoy, Mustafa Ozan; Kumru, Alper SerhatThis study aims to explore the pharmacodynamics of chelidonine, the active ingredient in greater celandine (Chelidonium majus L.), on in vitro rat bladder and trachea tissue, and evaluate its cell protective effects on primary lung and kidney cell lines. The study was carried out via repeated applications of acetylcholine, atropine, verapamil and oxybutynin, alongside Ca++ in a calcium-free environment, on urinary bladder tissue, and repeated applications of acetylcholine, atropine, carbachol and mecamylamine on trachea tissue. At the same time, cell viability and catalase and superoxide dismutase activity was measured on primary cell lines obtained from lung and kidney tissue samples. The study has shown that chelidonine has a relaxant effect on bladder and trachea tissues, and it may be mentioned that this effect is produced via muscarinic receptors. In addition, chelidonin caused a statistically insignificant increase in cell viability in primary lung and kidney cell lines at increasing doses (1 and 4 mu g/mL), but this increase remained at the control group level. In contrast, chelidonin caused a significant decrease in cell viability at the same cell lines at doses of 8 and 16 mu g/mL. In conclusion, it is suggested that greater celandine, which is used in folk medicine, and its active ingredient chelidonine might have beneficial effects on asthma, urinary incontinence and other urinary tract and respiratory diseases among others.Öğe The Effect of Plantain Active Ingredient Aucubin on Isolated Rat Smooth Muscle Tissue and Primary Cell Lines(2020) Arslanbaş, Emre; Kara, Haki; Turgut, Nergiz Hacer; Güngör, Hüseyin; Doğan, Halef Okan; Atasoy, Mustafa Ozan; Kumru, Alper SerhatThis study aims to assess the pharmacodynamics of aucubin, the active ingredient in plantain (Plantago), in vitrorat bladder and trachea tissues, and explore its cell protective effects on primary lung and kidney cell lines. The study wascarried out by repeated applications of acetylcholine, atropine, verapamil and oxybutynin, alongside Ca ++ in a calcium-freeenvironment, on urinary bladder tissue, and repeated applications of acetylcholine, atropine, carbachol and mecamylamineon trachea tissue. At the same time, cell viability and catalase and superoxide dismutase activities was measured in primarycell lines. The results indicated that aucubin had a relaxant effect on urinary bladder and trachea tissues. It was conceivedthat aucubin acted as a cholinergic antagonist through different subreceptors (muscarinic-3 receptors). The results alsoindicated that aucubin caused a statistically insignificant increase in remaining at the level of the control group in cellviability in the primary lung and kidney cell lines at increasing concentrations (1-10 µM), while causing a significant reducein cell viability at 20 and 50 µM concentrations in the same cell lines. In conclusion, it is suggested that plantain, which isused in folk medicine, and its active ingredient aucubin might have beneficial effects on bronchoconstriction and otherrespiratory conditions, as well as on pulmonary and renal diseases, urinary incontinence, etc
