Investigation of physicochemical and chemical properties of biochar activated with carbonate, nitrate, and borohydride

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dc.authoridATES, AYTEN/0000-0002-0806-4549
dc.contributor.authorAtes, Ayten
dc.date.accessioned2024-10-26T18:02:31Z
dc.date.available2024-10-26T18:02:31Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.departmentSivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractActivation of biomass before pyrolysis with various chemicals significantly affects the surface area and porosity, chemical composition, and formation and distribution of functional groups on the surface of the biochar produced. For this purpose, raw tea waste (RTW) was mixed with potassium nitrate (KNO3), potassium sodium carbonate (NaKCO3), and sodium borohydride (NaBH4) in solid form and pyrolyzed at 500 degrees C for 1 h. The effects of the chemical activators on biomass char formation were investigated using DTA-TGA and DSC. Compared to conventional pyrolysis, carbonate, nitrate, and hydrides increase the gasification of biochar by catalyzing the decomposition of cellulose and lignin. The effect of NaBH4 on graphitization and deoxidation of carbon is higher than that of carbonates and nitrides. In addition, all prepared biochar samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, FT-IR, elemental analysis, and N-2 adsorption-desorption. While treatment of RTW with KNO3 and NaKCO3 increased the hydroxylation of the biochar, treatment with NaBH4 decreased hydroxylation by increasing dehydrogenation and dehydroxylation. Increasing boron content led to hydroxylation of the material with hydratation of NaBO2. The surface area and pore distribution results showed that nitrates and carbonates have insignificant effect on the surface area of biochar, while NaBH4 almost doubles the surface area and total pore volume of biochar by forming hydrogen.
dc.description.sponsorshipSivas Cumhuriyet University Scientific Research Foundation (CUBAP) [M-2021-835]
dc.description.sponsorshipAyten Ates thanks Sivas Cumhuriyet University Scientific Research Foundation (CUBAP) under grant number M-2021-835 for providing financial assistance for this project.
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s13399-024-05323-9
dc.identifier.issn2190-6815
dc.identifier.issn2190-6823
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85183012026
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ3
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-024-05323-9
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12418/28172
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001150382400001
dc.identifier.wosqualityN/A
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringer Heidelberg
dc.relation.ispartofBiomass Conversion and Biorefinery
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subjectRaw tea waste
dc.subjectBiochar
dc.subjectChemical activation
dc.subjectPotassium nitrate (KNO3)
dc.subjectPotassium sodium carbonate (NaKCO3)
dc.subjectSodium borohydride (NaBH4)
dc.titleInvestigation of physicochemical and chemical properties of biochar activated with carbonate, nitrate, and borohydride
dc.typeArticle

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