Black Garlic Extract Modulates Endothelin Expression and Ovulatory Function in Monosodium Glutamate Treated Rats

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dc.authoridozkaraca, mustafa/0000-0002-6359-6249
dc.authoridUstundag, Hilal/0000-0003-3140-0755
dc.authoridBedir, Gursel/0000-0001-8859-7814
dc.authoridgezer, arzu/0000-0002-1658-2098
dc.contributor.authorGezer, Arzu
dc.contributor.authorAras, Sukran Yediel
dc.contributor.authorOzkaraca, Mustafa
dc.contributor.authorBaygutalp, Nurcan Kilic
dc.contributor.authorGundogdu, Gulhande
dc.contributor.authorSari, Ebru Karadag
dc.contributor.authorBedir, Gursel
dc.date.accessioned2025-05-04T16:47:37Z
dc.date.available2025-05-04T16:47:37Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentSivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractMonosodium glutamate (MSG), a widely used food additive, has been associated with various health concerns, including potential reproductive toxicity. This study investigated the protective effects of black garlic (BG) ethanol extract against MSG-induced ovarian damage in rats. Thirty-two female rats in estrus were randomly divided into four groups (n = 8 per group): control (saline), BG (250 mg/kg BW), MSG (4 mg/g BW), and BG+MSG (combined treatment). Treatments were administered daily for 14 days. Ovarian tissues were collected for histopathological, immunohistochemical (IHC), and biochemical analyses. Histopathological examination revealed a significant reduction in cystic follicles in the BG+MSG group compared to the MSG group (p < 0.0001). IHC analysis showed decreased immunoreactivity of endothelin-1 and endothelin-2 in the BG+MSG group compared to the MSG group (both p < 0.01). Biochemical assays demonstrated significantly increased follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and estradiol levels in the BG+MSG group compared to the MSG group (all p < 0.05), while progesterone levels were significantly lower in the MSG group compared to the BG+MSG group (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that BG ethanol extract may mitigate MSG-induced ovarian dysfunction in rats by alleviating degenerative changes in follicles and modulating hormonal levels. This study provides insights into potential natural interventions for MSG-related reproductive toxicity.
dc.description.sponsorshipScientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study was granted open access permission by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK).
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/fsn3.4766
dc.identifier.issn2048-7177
dc.identifier.issue1
dc.identifier.pmid39830904
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85215519612
dc.identifier.scopusqualityN/A
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.4766
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12418/35666
dc.identifier.volume13
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001399997200001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherWiley
dc.relation.ispartofFood Science & Nutrition
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250504
dc.subjectblack garlic
dc.subjectendothelin-1
dc.subjectendothelin-2
dc.subjectfollicle
dc.subjectmonosodium glutamate
dc.subjectovary
dc.titleBlack Garlic Extract Modulates Endothelin Expression and Ovulatory Function in Monosodium Glutamate Treated Rats
dc.typeArticle

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